unit2重点短语.doc

Unit2讲义一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old peoples home 养老院3. Help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难 4. used to 曾经 ；过去_5. care for 关心；照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 4 在4岁时 8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴； 10. give out=hand out 分发11. come up with=think up 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用；试行15. work for 为工作；为. 效力 16. put up 建造；举起；张贴17make plans to do sth. 制定计划做某事 18. call up 打电话；召集19.putoff推迟;延迟 20.forexample比如；例如21.raisemoneyfor为筹钱; 22.takeafter= besimilarto与.相像23.giveaway赠送;捐赠 24.fixup修理;修补;解决25.run out of =use up 用完 26.setup建立;设立27.disabledpeople残疾人 28.makeadifference影响;有作用29.beableto能够 30.after-schoolreadingprogram课外阅读项目31、work out 产生结果；发展； 32、be excited about 对。感到兴奋、激动 33、a friend of mine=one of my friends 我的一位朋友 34、write the letter to sb.=write to sb.给某人写信35volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 36、live alone独自居住 37、feel lonely 感到孤独 38、at the same time 在同时 9、be busy with 忙于 40、listen to sb.听某人说话41、notice sb. do/doing sth.注意到某人做/正在做某事 42、a srong feeling of satisfaction 一种强烈的满足感 43、go on a different journey 进行一次不同之旅 44、ask for 要；要求45、make it possible (for sb.)to do sth .使得做某事对于某人来说是可能的46、read the newspaper to the old people为老人读报纸47、have difficulty/trouble/problems (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难48、change ones life 改变某人的生活 49、be strong in 强项是。二、重点句型1.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2.Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5youcanseeintheireyesthatthetheyregoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。6.Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们告诉我过去的生活以及过去的生活是什么样子的。8 I want to learn more about how to care for animals .我想了解更多关于如何去照顾动物。9、I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.我可以做我喜欢做的事情，同时也能帮助别人。10、Volunteering here is a dream come true for me .在这里做志愿服务对我来说是梦想成真。11、She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.她志愿每周在那儿工作一次帮助孩子学习阅读。12、Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobstomakelotsof money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。13、We can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.我们可以制定在医院看望生病的孩子或为无家可归的人筹钱的计划。14、The old man lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.这个老人独自居住，但他并不感到孤独。15、YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有幸运儿。16、Id like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers.我想感谢你捐钱给动物助手。17、He put up some signs asking for old bikes .他张贴了一些寻找旧自行车的启示。18、The ideas that he came up with worked out fine.他想出的这些办法很有效。19、They gave away the old bikes to children who dont have bikes.他们把这些自行车捐给没有自行车的孩子们。20、Lucky makes a big difference to my life.“幸运”对我的生活产生了很大的影响。三、语法动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。一、作主语动词不定式作主语可位于句首。例如：To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.也可使用it作形式主语，而将其置于句末。例如：It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.动词不定式作主语的常用句型有：1. It isadj./ n. (for sb.sth.) to do sth.用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。例如：It is necessary for you to change your job.2. It isadj.of sb.to do sth. 该句型中只能使用描述某人的品德、特征的形容词，如： kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。例如：It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house.3. It takes sb.some timeto do sth.该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。例如：It took us half an hour to ride to the town by bike.二、用作表语动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如：1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club. 2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.三、用作宾语1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如：1.We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. 2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell.，介词结构on.可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。如：1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?(p.92)2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations. (p.32)3.动词find, make,等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语动词不定式，句子结构是. find / make / . it+adj. / n.+to do.。如：I find it difficult to remember everything.四、用作定语1、I have so many things to do today.：2、Is that a good place to hang out?3、Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?五、作状语 动词不定式作状语，可表示目的、原因、结果或条件。例如：We went there to see our grandparents.（目的）My dogs name is “Lucky”a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.（原因） Im too tired to do well. What should I do?（结果）To look at the picture, you would like it.（条件）五、用作补语在主、被动语态句里用带to的动词不定式作补语的动词主要有：ask, allow, advise，expect, suppose, invite, tell, want, wish, would like / love)等。如：I ask my mother to buy a new bike for me .四、练习。(1)用所给词的适当形式填空。1、Tom used to_(sleep) late, but now he is used to _(get)up early.2、When the boy saw his fathere,he has a _(feel)of safety.3、The girl is _(try)_(learn) how _(cheer) up the sick children.4 You shouldnt put off _(put )up the notice.5、 It can do some normal things like_(open)the door.6 、The boy cant walk or use his hands_(easy).7、Yesterday I _(give) away my bike to a _(child) home.8、We are ready to help _(able) people.9、He had difficulty_(solve)the problem.10、In our daily life,we often meet many _(diffic