九年级英语_情态动词用法小结(含习题及解析)_人教新目.doc

情 态 动 词 小 结（一）情态动词概说 1情态动词也是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态。情态动词所表示的情态有：请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。 2情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。如：She cans sing an English song.（ ）3有些情态动词的过去时与其原形相同，有些与原形不同。 （二）情态动词的种类：（见下表）原 形过去式词 义cancould1、能 2、cant表推测：“一定不、肯定不maymight1、表请求：可以（或许）2、表推测：有可能It may rain this afternoon. Im afraid it might snow tomorrow. mustmust(had to)1必须（不得不）mustt 表禁止，You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。2、表推测：“一定、准是 例1、He must have a car now. 他一定有辆小汽车。例2、 He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.他一定在教室里做练习。 He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。willwould愿意shallshould应该needneeded“需要” neednt=dont have to 表示不必 You dont have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。daredared敢于（三）情态动词的否定形式：cannot - cant could not - couldnt may not- maynt might not- mightnt must not - mustnt will not - wont would not - wouldnt need not - neednt shall not - shant should not - shouldnt ought not - oughtnt dare not - darent （四）常用情态动词的用法：1can与could1） can（1）表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”，也能表示根据客观条件能做某事的“能力”。 He can drive. Can you jump as far as he did? I cant catch up with Jim. can与be able to二者都表示“能够”，区别是：can只有现在时和过去式，而be able to可用于各种时态。如： Ill be able to speak French in half a year. He hasnt been able to finish it on time. （2）表示允许： You can go now. Can I use your bike? （3）表示推测： Who can it be? It cant be true. can表示猜测或怀疑只用于疑问句及否定句中。 2） could（1）can的过去式，表示过去有能力及过去的可能性。 He couldnt climb up the mountain. The news could be true. （2）表示客气地请求或委婉地陈述意见。 Could you go skating with me tomorrow? Clould I use your pen ？yes ，you can。No，you cant。（3）表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度 How could he say that? 2may与might1） may（1）表示请求、许可、可以 May I use your dictionary? Yes, please/certainly. May I come in? （3）may用于感叹句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。 May you do well! May you have a good time! 3must（1）表示义务，命令或必要。 Soldiers must obey orders. We must be strict with ourselves.（3）此外还要弄清楚must与have to的区别 1) 两词都是必须的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）6need1）need意思是“需要，必须”，主要用于否定句和关系问句中。 You neednt come so early. Need I take part in the Party? 2) need引导的疑问句，肯定回答时多用must，否定回答时用neednt。 Need he come? Yes, he must. No, he neednt. Need to do sth 实意动词用法8. dare1) dare意思是“敢”，用于肯定结构中时，后接加to的动词不定式。 The boy dared to climb up the tree. She should dare to question her teacher. 2）dare用于否定句或疑问句中时，与大多数的情态动词一样，后接不带to的动词不定式。 Dont dare do that again! The poor girl dare not go home. 9had better You had better see a doctor. You had better not leave now. Had I better wait for her? 练习检测 1. Nobody _ do it. Let me _ . A. can, try B. cant, to try C. can, to try D. cant, trying2. “ _ you like _ bananas to eat?” “ Yes, please.” A. Would, some B. Will, any C. Could, any D. Can, some3. “ Can you answer this question in English?” “ Sorry, I _.” A. neednt B. may not C. cant D. mustnt4. “ _ I borrow your dictionary?” “ Certainly, here you are.” A. Must B. May C. Need D. Shall5. I _ see the words on the blackboard. _ you write a bit clearly? A. mustnt, Can B. dont, will C. cant, Can D. neednt, Could6. Its a sunny day today. You _ take a raincoat with you. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. can7. Ive looked for my pen everywhere, but I _ find it. A. couldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. didnt8. “ _ I speak to Ann?” “ Speaking.” A. Must B. May C. Need D. Shall9. Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? _. A. Yes, we shall B. Yes, you shall C. Yes, you will D. All right10. Mr. John,