LanguageProblem-Solving1.doc

语法填空讲解一、考纲解读 1.选材:200词左右，话题贴近学生生活。 2.命题形式：纯空格形式（3-4个），有提示词的（6-7个）。3.考查内容：考生在篇章中综合运用语法知识的能力。 4.考点设置：词法、句法和逻辑关系方面的知识。5.分值分配：共10小题，满分15分。 6.建议用时：8-10mins二、解题思路1.理解文意（懂文意，明逻辑）2.分析句子（句子类型，主从句，句子主干）3.确定词汇（词义、词性、词形）三、语法填空的空格设计纯空格题1._(eg. )2._(eg. )3._(eg. )4._(eg. )5._(eg. )有提示词1.给出名词 ( )2.给出动词 ( )3.给出形容词( )四、高考考点考点1. 冠词（1）Shopping at this time of the year was not _ pleasant experience. ( 09 广东) （2）A young man came across a spring of clear water, _ water was sweet. ( 10 广东) （3）We had _ amazing conversation. ( 11 广东) 小结： 冠词是高考的常考点。 若空格后面是名词 或 形容词+ 名词前没有物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格、指示代词等限定词时， 很可能填冠词。实战：1) . 如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“ 一个 （ 本、种、杯 -） ” 时， 一般填 a/an.如果可翻译成“ 这、这些、那、那些 ”时， 一般填 the . 2) . 泛指填aan , 特指填the.3). 如果名词后面有: of 短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时可能填the.定冠词的用法比较不好记，下面的顺口溜或许能帮助大家。 特指双熟悉， 上文已提及； 世上独无二， 序数最高级； 普转专有名， 习语及乐器。考点2. 代词(1). That night my hostess had one of the hens end up in a dish on my table . _ villagers brought me goats cheese and hone. （07 广东37） (2). I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _. （ 07 广东40 ）(3). A short-tempered man was anxious to help _ _ rice crop grow up quickly.（08 广东34）(4). He was thinking about _ day and night.（08 广东35） (5). She remember how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.（09 广东31） ( 6). Although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _ . (09 广东38) 应考虑的问题： 代词代的是人还是物。 代词代的是可数名词还是不可数名词。. 代词代的是特指还是泛指。 . 代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。. 代词表示的是肯定还是否定概念。. 修饰名词的不定代词（ another, the other, many, much, either, neither,both, any, all, each 等）考点3. 介词(1). She found some good quality pipes _ sale.（09广东37） (2). When Jane got home , with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _ table having dinner. （09 广东39） (3). The young man went home _ a happy heart ( 10 广东) (4). I didnt like leaving him _ his own, either. ( 11广东23 ) (5) I got a place next _ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. (14全国二卷)小结：2014和2015年全国二卷各出一个。考点：. 介词与动词、名词、形容词的习惯搭配。. 常用介词的用法。要弄清楚：1.可以作宾语（ 介宾或动宾）的结构（名词、代词、动名词、从句 ）2.若空格后是上面提到的结构且不在句中作主语，又不在动词后面作宾语，那么这个空格就很可能用介词。3.习惯搭配 就靠大家多记、多积累。考点4. 连词(1). My friend walked me to the bus stop and waited with me _ the bus arrived.( 11广东17) (2).There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _62_ some of them looked very anxious(14全国二卷)(3). Behind him were other people to _ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.( 11 广东21考点5. 给出动词(1).People stepped on your feet or _ ( push ) you with their elbows.（09广东）(2).“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane _ ( inform ).（09广东）(3). He _( pretend ) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.（11广东）(4)A boy on a bike _ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. (5)Still, the boy kept _ (ride). (14全国二卷)(6). - and then I noticed a man _ ( sit ) at the front.（11广东）小结：给出动词空首先要注意是否需要填入谓语动词还是非谓语动词，谓语的位置相对确定，一般位于主语的后面；但有的时候主语后面有后置定语修饰时，也会位于一些介词短语或者非谓语动词后；分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给的动词就是非谓语动词;还可以是词性转换。给出动词谓语动词非谓语动词时态语态主位一致Doing(主动/进行)Done(被动/完成)to do(目的/将来)及相应变形考点6. 词性变换(1). Most of the _( Africa ) are still living in poverty. (2). Chinas _ ( develop) of economy needs more careful planning. (3). Can you tell me the _ ( long) of the Great Wall ? (4). The lady was broken down by a car . _ ( fortunate ) there was no one nearby.(5). This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ ( nature ) course. 08 广东）(6) Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_ (clean) than ever.小结：确定空格所处的位置，分清在句子当中充当什么作用形容词修饰名词、代词；副词修饰形容词、动词和副词及整个句子；五、实战演习Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months_2_ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 3_(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, 4_ for the week after. I didnt understand 5_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6_ the reservation. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 7_(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 8_ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 9_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 10_(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.(2015全国二卷)The adobe dwellings (土坯房）_41_ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _42_ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _43_ (able) to “air condition”a house without _44_ (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _45_ (slow) during cool nights, thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _46 _ (cool) the house during the hot day: _47_ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle _48 _ (go) day after