冠词讲解与练习.doc

冠词是一种辅助性的词，不可在句中独立担任一个成分。放在名词前，帮助说明名词的含义，使用极为频繁。冠词有不定冠词(a, an) 和定冠词(the)两种。a和an的基本含义是“一，一个”，表示泛指，不强调数目观念，只表示名词不是特定的；the的基本含义是“这个，那个”，表示特指，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。冠词本身是虚词，没有意义，同时也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义一、不定冠词不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音（不是辅音字母）决定。以元音开头的词前用an，以辅音（包括半元音，不是元音字母）开头的词前用a。例如： 辅音字母开头：a tree, a university, a house, a European country, a one-eyed man 元音或半元音开头：an apple, an umbrella, an hour, an elephant, an opera 值得注意的是：1如果不定冠词后面第一个词以元音字母u开头就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform。2如果不定冠词后面第一个词以不发音的h开头，而h后面第一个音的音素是元音因素，就用an。例如hour, honest。 3如果不定冠词和名词前有其他词，不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的语音形式。例如an actress, a beautiful actress。 不定冠词的用法如下： 1用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物，如： A dictionary is a useful book. An underground train can start and stop quickly. 2说明某人或某东西属于哪一类，如： This is a book. He used to be an engineer. 3泛指某人或某物，但未具体说明何人、何物，如： A boy is waiting for me. Give me a pen, please. 4表示数量，有“一”的意思，如： Behind the house there is a garden. once a week.5用于某些固定词组中，如：a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson二、定冠词定冠词的用法如下： 1指彼此都知道的人或事物，如： Open the door, please. Go and close the window. 2特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，如： The girl in red is my sister. The man over there is our English teacher. The book on the desk is mine. 3指前面提到过的人或事物，如： Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works in the factory.4用在序数词和形容词最高级前,在方位词前。如： The Nile is the longest river in the world. He won the first prize. The sun rises in the east. 5用在某些名词化的形容词，过去分词前，表示一类人或事物， 如： the rich, the sick, the new , the false6用在某些专用名词前，如： the Great Wall the Peoples Republic of China the United Nations the Netherlands 7在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面，如： the North China Plain the Rocky Mountains the Yangtse River8在一些用语中，如： in the morning(/afternoon/evening), in the day, by the way, on the whole, the next morning, all the year around, the other day, at the same time三、不用冠词的情况1在不含普通名词或只有一个普通名词专有名词前，如：China, Beihai Park2名词前面已有用作定语的 this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词前，如： The letter is from my father. I have a book in my hand.3在复数名词表示一类人或事物时，如： Horses are useful animals. I like cakes.4在节日名称，(称呼语和表示官衔的名词前)星期、月份、季节前。如： Today is Sunday. Spring is the best season in the year. Childrens Day5在某些固定搭配和习惯用语中，如：go to school , be in hospital, be in prison6一天三餐，球类运动的名称前，如: I like to play basketball. We have lunch at school.8. 在表示称呼语的名词之前，以及职务、头衔的名词前不用冠词。如： Doctor Green is a scientist. 格林博士是位科学家。有无定冠词意思迥异 英语中有些名词，如bed, class, hospital, school, church等，当不强调这次词所表示的场所，只强调它们的专门作用时，前面不带定冠词；否则要加定冠词。如：1. at table在进餐 at the table在桌旁 2. at desk做读书或做作业 at the desk在书桌旁3. at school在上学，在求学（是学生） at the school在学校里（不一定是学生）4. at sea在海上航行 at the sea在海边 5. in class在上课 in the class在班里6. in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱 7. in bed卧床，睡觉 in the bed在床上8. in front of在的前面 in the front of在的前部9. go to bed去睡觉 go to the bed到床边或床前10. go to hospital入院治疗 go to the hospital去医院（不一定是病人）11. go to church去教堂做礼拜、做祷告 go to the church去教堂（为了别的目的）12. go to school去上学（不强调场所） go to the school到学校去（开家长会等） 1. -Wheres _nearest bookstore? -Theres one at _end of the street. A. thean B. athe C. thethe D. aan2. -What do you think of _film “National Treasure”? -Its_wonderful film, I think. A. aa B. athe C. thethe D. Thea3. S.H.E is going to sing at _CCTV annual Spring Festival Evening Party A. a B. an C. theD. /4. There is _“h” in the word “photo”. A. a B. an C. the D. /5. Please pay attention to your spelling. Youve dropped _“m” here. A. the B. an C. a D./6. He is _honest boy. A.an B. a C. the D. /7. He greeted me with “Good morning!” and led me to the doctors office. A. the B. an C. a D. one8. Sudan I (苏丹红) is _ red dye used for colouring oils, shoes, floor polishes and so on. A. / B. an C. the D. a9. Finding corundum (金刚砂) was _surprise because its the second hardest mineral on Earth A. / B. an C. the D. a10. Tom often plays_football after _school. A. aa B. thethe C. / D. anan11. They have_unch at school. A.a B. the C. / D. an12. They went to Nanjing by _train. A. a B. an C. the D. /13. Grandpa was in _hospital. Father often went to _hospital to take care of him. A. thethe B. the/ C. aa D. /the14. Five years ago her brother was_university students of_physics. A. athe B. anthe C. an/ D. a/15. She bought _ camera. It is _old one. A. a , a B. the, the C. a, an D. a, X16. _ Peoples Square is located in _center of Shanghai. A. The a B.Athe C. Aa D.The the17. Its very cold. Mother is making _ fire. A.a B.the C.X D.an18. You missed _ “ h “ in the word “honest”. A.a B.the C.X D.an19. There were _ few people in the street, though it was raining hard. A.a B.X C.the D.an20. _Pacific Ocean is _ largest ocean in _ world. A.Aaa B.Thethethe C.The theXD.XthetheII. 选择a或an填入横线内1_bottle2_ink bottle3_umbrella4_house5_hour6_ox7_“l”8_one-act playIII. 在需要的地方填入不定冠词，如不需要就填“X”1. _ happy life 2. at _ night 3. _ Christmas 4. play _ table tennis 5. _useful book 6. _unusual day7. _ hour and _ half 8. by _ train 9. in _ time10. take _ walk （ ）1Does Jim have _ ruler？ Yes，he has _Aan；some Ba；one Ca； Dany；one（ ）2There is _ old bike _ old bike is Mr. Zhaos Aan ；The Bthe；An Ca；The Dthe；The（ ）3_ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay AThe BA CAn DTwo（ ）4How many books do you have？ I have _ bookThats _ English book Aa；an Ba；one Cone；an Done；one（ ）5At that time Tom was _ one-year-old baby Aa Ban Cthe D（ ）6_ tiger is from _ ChinaAThe；a BA；the CThe；/DThe；the（ ）7We cant see _ sun at _ night Athe；theBthe；Ca； D；（ ）8_ useful book it is！ AWhat an BHow a CWhat a DWhat（ ）9One afternoon he found _ handbagThere was _ “s” on the corner of _