人教版高中英语必修五复习资料.doc

Unit 1 Great scientists 1. put forward 提出 2. draw a conclusion 得出结论 3. be/get under control 在控制下 be/get out of control失去控制，不能操纵 4. be absorbed in 专心 5. be to blame 应该受责备（用主动形式表示被动） blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人 6. in addition 也，另外，此外 7. link.to. 将和连接或联系起来 8. die of 因而死亡（内因）hungry、sad die from 因而死亡（外因）disaster.9. lead to 导致，通向 10. make sense 有意义，说得通 11. apart from 除之外，此外 12. contribute to 为作贡献或捐款，导致，有助于 13. be enthusiastic about 对热情 14. be curious about 对好奇 15. cure sb. of illness 治好某人病 16. point of view 态度，观点，看法 17.（be）strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 Unit 2 The United Kingdom1. consist of 由组成 2. divideinto 把分成 3. at war (with) （与）交战中 4. break away ( from ) 挣托（束缚）；脱离 5. educational / legal system 教育 / 立法制度 6. have a good / bad influence on 对有好/ 坏影响 7. take the place of 代替 8. break down (机器)破坏，损坏；（人）身体出毛病；（计划等）受挫，失败 9. make an error 出错 10. leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 11. puzzle over / about 为烦恼，困扰 12. debate sth. with sb. 与某人讨论、争辩 13. at your convenience 在你方便的时候 14. in / with relation to （介）关于；和相关 15. under construction 在建设中 under control在控制之中Unit 3 Life in the Future1. make a deep/strong impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象impress sb. with sth.= impress sth. on sb.使人记住某事2. take up 拿起/占用/接受/开始/从事/继续speed up 加速sweep up 打扫 / 横扫 /掠过 use up 用光come up 过来eat up 吃光sit up 熬夜 / 坐正 turn up 出现 / 开大(音/水量) 3. remind sb. of sth. 使某人回想起某事 /提醒某人某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事remind sb. that 提醒某人 4. as a result (of) 结果 5. suffer from 遭受 6. be similar to 和相似 7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事 8. the six of us 我们六人（共六人） 9. by/ for + lack of 由于的缺乏10. in no time 很快,立刻 11. on ones feet (从病痛或挫折中)复原 12. in all directions 四面八方 13. Sb. lose / catch sight of . 看不见 / 看见Sb. / Sth. be in / out of sight 看得见 / 看不见at first sight 第一眼at the sight of 一看见就 14. provided A with B 向A提供B 15. plenty of + u / c 许多 17. compare A with B 把A与B作比较compare A to B 把A比喻作B 18. for health reasons 出于健康原因 19. bend the rules 变通,放宽 20. on earth 究竟，到底What on earth could that mean?这究竟是什么意思？21. be under repair 在维修中 22. search for 寻找 23. assist sb. in /with sth. = assist sb. in doing sth. = assist sb. to do sth. 帮忙,协助某人去做某事24. go soft 变软 25. speak in whisper 低声地说 26. be optimistic about 对乐观 27. switch on / off the power 开 /关电源 28.explain to sb. sth.= explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 29. give off 发出（光/热等） 30. get / be caught in 被困在中 31. require sb. to do sth.=require that sb. (should ) do sth.要求某人做某事32. be equipped with 装备有 33. be essential for / to 对是必要的 Unit 4 Making the News1. be curious about 对感到好奇 2. on/by ones own 独自，*自己 3. concentrate on 集中精力于 4. be of interest = be interesting 有趣的 5. bring with 随身携带 6. have a nose for 对非常敏感 7. depend on 依赖 8. accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb. with sth. 指控某人做某事 9. be supposed to have done 理应当 / 被认为做过某事 10. look forward to (doing) sth. 盼望做某事 11. be eager to do sth. /for sth. 渴望做/ 12. get the wrong end of the stick (木棍)完全搞错了 13. tell the whole truth 说出全部真相 14. ahead of 在前头 15. set (out)to do/ set about doing 着手做某事 16. pass on to 把传递给17. make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会，预约18. in turn 依次，逐个地 19. note down 记下 20.cover sth. / interview sb.报道某事 / 采访某人21. do some research on 对做调查 22. work on 从事 23. last of all 最后24. on purpose / by accident 故意地 / 偶然,意外地25. stick to 坚持26. A rather than B A而不是B27. through sb.s analysis 通过某人的分析 Unit 5 First aid1. give / offer / do first aid to sb perform / carry out first aid on sb. 对某人实施急救 2. fall ill 生病 3. get injured / infected / burned 受伤 / 感染 / 烧伤 4. save ones life 挽救某人的生命 5. sense of touch 触觉 6. electric shock 触电；电休克 7. take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞 8. squeeze out 榨出；挤出 9. over and over again 反复；多次 10. in place 在适当的位置；适当 11. put ones hands on 找到 12. present sb. with sth. present sth. to sb. 赠予/ 给予某人某物 13. a piece of jewellery 一件珠宝 14. cause / do damage to. 使受到危害/ 损害 15. a number of +n. (pl.复数 ) 若干；许多 16. stick sth. to 贴在.上 17. make a difference 有影响，起作用过去分词作定语过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。1、前置定语 单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。 A类:被动意义:an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。B类:完成意义:a retired teacher 一位退休的教师They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. 他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。2、后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。如:This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written). 这将是这类小说中写得最好的。Who were the guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night? 昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?二、过去分词作宾语补足语I. 位于感官动词 “see, hear, feel watch, notice, find”之后，表示感受到某人或某事被1. He didnt notice his wallet stolen.2. I was washing my clothes when I heard my name called.Exercise -1. He was disappointed to find his suggestions _. A. been turned downB. turned down C. to be turned downD. to turn downII. 位于使役动词 “have, make, get”之后，表示致使某人或某事被1. The speaker raised his voice, but he still could not make himself heard.2. Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.3. They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.被动主动letlet sb. donelet sb. dohavehave sb. donehave sb. domakemake sb. donemake sb. dogetget sb. doneget sb. do1. - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed2. Im afraid that I cant make myself _ because of my poor English. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understoodIII. 位于表示“希望，愿望”的词之后，如 “like, want, wish, expect, order”之后，表示希望/要求某人或某事被1. He did not want such question discussed.2. I would like my living room painted light blue.Exercise -1. I dont want the children _ out in such weather.A. take B. to take C. taken D. taking1. 我很高兴地看到孩子受到了很好的照料。I was glad _ to see_the child_ well taken care of. 2. 当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都做完了。When he arrived ,he found all the work finished. 3. 他站了起来，为的是让别人看见他。 He stood up in order to make himself seen 三、过去分词作状语分词在句子中作状语，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语之间的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。比较： Seen from the sky, our city is very beautiful. (our city与see之间是被动关系) Seeing from the sky, we find our city is very beautiful. ( we与see之间 是主谓关系) 过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。如： Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。 Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。 表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如： Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。 Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。 表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。如： Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。 Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English. 和你哥哥相比，你应该更加努力学习英语。 If heated, water can be turned into steam. 水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。 表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。如： Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。 Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。 表方式或伴随情况。如： The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.那个老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。 Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job. 我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。 过去分词作状语应注意以下几点。 一、过去分词与句子主语之间的关系 (1) 过去分词作状语表示被动或完成的动作。过去分词与句子主语之间通常存在逻辑上的动宾关系。如： Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 【高考链接1】 _ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. (2009福建卷) A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 【答题指导】四、全部倒装1、（1）there/here+谓语+主语 例：there go the soldiers （2）注意：主语为代词时，以there或here开头的句子不可用倒装 例：here you are2、(1)方位词(in/out/up/down/away/off/back/over)/时间词(now/then)+谓语+主语 常与go,come,run,fly,flow,rush等动词连用 例：away flew the bird in rushed the soldier over turns the bottle then came another question now is the time to take action (2)注意：如果注意是代词，主语和谓语不可倒装 例：away it flew in they rushed3、地点状语+谓语+主语 例：by the side stood a little boy in the middle of the lake lies a small island behind the hill is a new express way4、表语（形容词/现在分词/过去分词/介词短语+be+主语） 例：gone are the days when they could