职称英语等级考试卫生AB级模拟试题(三).pdf

本试题摘取于考试吧 职称英语等级考试卫生 AB 级模拟试题 三 一 单选题 词汇选项 第 1 15 题 每题 1 分 共 15 分 下面共有 l5 个句子 每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语 划有底横线 请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语 1 The committee comprises five persons A absorbs B concerns C excludes D involves 标准答案 d 2 We derive knowledge mainly from books A deprive B obtain C descend D trace 标准答案 b 3 The room was furnished with the simplest essentials a bed a chair and a table A supplied B gathered 本试题摘取于考试吧 C grasped D made 标准答案 a 4 The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one A motivate B combine C compact D nominate 标准答案 b 5 He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides A favorable B possible C formal D genuine 标准答案 b 6 When does the next train depart A pull up B pull down C pull out D pull in 标准答案 c 本试题摘取于考试吧 7 Because administering the whole company he sometimes has to work around the clock A adjusting B evaluating C engaging D managing 标准答案 d 8 The town is notable A for its beautiful scenery in winter A similar B prompt C profound D famous 标准答案 d 9 He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines A supervise B watch C suspect D predict 标准答案 a 10 Soldiers have to obey orders A reply to 本试题摘取于考试吧 B apply for C abide with D comply with 标准答案 d 11 The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster A delayed B quick C positive D unfavorable 标准答案 d 12 It is said that the house along the street will soon be demolished A pulled down B rebuilt C renovated D whitewashed 标准答案 a 13 In his two hour long lecture he made an exhaustive analysis of the issue A extremely thorough B long and strong C crazy 本试题摘取于考试吧 D unconvincing 标准答案 a 14 These are our motive for doing it A reasons B arguments C targets D stimulus 标准答案 a 15 Do you think there is any likelihood of his agreeing to it A respect B occasion C prospect D anticipation 标准答案 c 二 匹配题 16 第二部分 阅读判断 每题 1 分 共七分 建议 12 分钟以内完成 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后列出了七个句子 请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断 如果该句提供 的是正确信息 请在答题卡上把 A 涂黑 如果该句提供的是错误信息 请在答题卡上把 B 涂黑 如果该句的 信息文章中没有提及 请在答题卡上把 C 涂黑 难度 A B 级 tanning parlors take heat 本试题摘取于考试吧 People who seek a glamorous tan through sun lamps may double their risk of developing common types of skin cancer according to a new study that found the risk was highest for those who start at a young age The study appearing in the latest issue of Journal of the U S National Cancer Institute concluded that people who use tanning devices were 1 5 to 2 5 times more 1ikely to have common kinds of skin cancer than were people who did not use the devices The study confirmed what doctors have long suspected that sun lamp use increases the risk of basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers said Margaret R Karagas first author of the study Either going to the tanning parlor or getting an infrequent sunburn can seriously damage the skin said Dr James Spencer vice chairman of the department of dermatology at Mount Hospital but the small day to day exposure is worse for the skin in the long run Joseph A Levy vice president of the International Smart Tan Network however said occasional sunburn is a risk factor in all forms of skin cancer and intermittent sunburn is what the tanning industry is trying to stop In the study Karagas and her colleagues interviewed 603 basal eell skin cancer patients and 293 with squamous eell skin cancer They talked to 540 control subjects who did not have either type of skin cancer About l million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer Among those skin cancer patients about 80 percent are with basal cell skin cancer 16 percent with squamous cell skin cancer and 4 percent with melanoma the most serious form of skin cancers Back to the interviewed patients 190 reported that they had used tanning devices at some time In the control groups only 75 had used such devices Karagas said a statistical analysis shows that those who used tanning equipment were 2 5 times more likely to get squamous cell skin cancer than those who had not used the devices For basal cell cancer the risk was 1 5 times greater The risk was highest for those who first used the tanning devices before the age of 20 said Karagas For this group the squamous cell cancer risk was 3 6 times greater than that of the controls while the basal cell cancer risk was 1 3 times greater 练习 1 The passage confirms that using tanning equipment is harmful to one s health A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 2 The highest rate of skin cancers is found in teenagers who use sun lamps frequently A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 3 Melanoma is a more serious cancer than lung cancer 本试题摘取于考试吧 A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 4 Karagas reported her research results basing on interviews with a group of skin cancer patients and a control group of people with no skin cancers A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 标准答案 A B C A B B 本题分数 4 00 分 你答题的情况为 错误 所以你的得分为 0 分 17 5 Doctor James Spencer s argument implies that in the long run getting all infrequent sunburn is worse than the small day to day exposure A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 6 The passage mentions three forms of skin cancers of which squamous cell skin cancer is the most dangerous A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 7 It is implied in Mr Levy s argument Paragraph 5 that frequent exposure to sun lamps is safe A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 标准答案 B B A 18 第三部分 概括大意与完成句子 每题 1 分 共 8 分 建议 10 分钟以内完成 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后有 2 项测试任务 1 1 4 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2 5 段每段 选择 1 个正确的小标题 2 第 5 8 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确的选项 分别完成每个句子 请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 难度 B C 级 China seek donors to narrow bone marrow 骨髓 gap 本试题摘取于考试吧 1 China has launched a campaign to recruit more bone marrow donors amid a shortage of funds as well as of sibling donors who could help the growing number of patients in need of life saving transplants state media reported on Monday 2 The Chinese Red Cross began the national campaign over the weekend to find donors for some 4 million patients suffering from leukaemia thalassaemia and other blood diseases and awaiting bone marrow transplants the official China Daily said Every year China has 40 000 new leukaemia patients most of them under 35 and 50 per cent of them children the newspaper said Other reports have linked China s growing childhood leukaemia to solvents and building materials used in interior decoration 3 With a tiny pool of bone marrow donors weakened by the absence of sibling donors for most children because of China s one child policy doctors rely on donors from Taiwan to save many young leukaemia patients the Beijing Evening News said last weekend Taiwan with a population of 22 million has 210 000 registered donors compared with fewer than 30 000 donors among mainland China s 1 3 billion people the newspaper said 4 Yet the lack of registered donors may reflect a lack of funding for testing and recording data on potential donors rather than a lack of volunteers the newspaper said China needs a pool of at least 100 000 donors but testing them would cost more than 50 million yuan 6 million dollars it said 5 The Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation said it has helped a handful of patients in Beijing Shanghai and other cities The number of requests is increasing from mainland China including direct calls to the charity from desperate patients or relatives said the foundation s donor coordinator Marven Chin But the cost of extracting bone marrow from one of the foundation s 40 000 registered donors and flying it by courier has to be borne by the patients and many of them have to be aided financially Chin said 1 Paragraph 2 2 Paragraph 3 3 Paragraph 4 4 Paragraph 5 A Urgent Need for Both Donors and Funds B Shortage of Donors C Desperate Leukaemia Patients D Seriousness of the Current Situation 本试题摘取于考试吧 E Shortage of Funds F Comparison Between Mainland and Hong Kong and Taiwan 标准答案 D B E A 19 5 It seems that many of the recipients are not rich enough 6 At present the number of bone marrow donors in mainland China is 7 Some solvents and building materials are considered 8 Obviously recruiting voluntary bone marrow donors in mainland China is A about one percent of the total population B to be responsible for childhood leukaemia C an urgent and tough task to be accomplished D less than one third of the minimum E an expensive cost to be paid F to afford the cost of bone marrow transplantation F 标准答案 F D B C 20 第四部分 阅读理解 每题 3 分 共 45 分 建议 40 分钟以内完成 下面有 3 篇短文 每篇短文后有 5 道题 每道题后面有 4 个选项 请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其 后面的问题 从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 难度 B C 级 Cigars Instead Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip tongue mouth and throat according to a government study 本试题摘取于考试吧 Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx voicebox sixfold say researchers at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda Maryland In addition the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8 5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article Cigars Health Effects and Trends The researchers report that compared with a cigarette a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco specific nitrosamines This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase in cigar use and the significant public health consequences4 for the country said Dr Richard Klausner director of the National Cancer Institute in a statement The data are clear the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke like cigarettes are associated with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases he added In other words cigars are not safe alternatiyes to cigarettes and may be addictive To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars our advice is don t To those currently smoking cigars quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer heart and 1ung disease risks warned K1ausner According to a National Cancer Institute press release there haven t been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events but a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates all increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke 练习 1 According co the report smoking three orfour cigars a day A increases the risk of oral cancer for non smokers B greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokers C increases the risk of more than one cancer for non smokers D greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers 2 In the passage how many cancers are mentioned in relation to smoking cigars daily A Six 本试题摘取于考试吧 B Seven C Eight D Nine 3 What is the main idea of the article Cigars Health Effects and Trends A Whenitcomesto cancer cigars arenotany saferthan cigarettes B Cigars may be addictive while cigarettes are not easily so C Cigars contain less harmful substances than cigarettes D Increase in cigar smoking does not affect public health much 4 What is the doctors advice to those cigar smokers A To give it up completely B Togiveuppartofit C Not to think about it any more D To cure the diseases first 5 In the context of this passage secondhand smoke means A smoking bad quality cigars B smoking very cheap cigars C being near cigar smokers when they are not smoking D being near cigar smokers when they are smoking 标准答案 D B A A D 21 难度 B A 级 High Stress May Damage Memory According to a report issued in May 1998 elderly people who have consistently high blood levels of cortisol don t score as well on memory tests as their peers with 10wer levels of the 本试题摘取于考试吧 stress hormone What s more high 1evels of cortisol are also associated with shrinking of the hippocampus a region of the brain that plays a key role in learning and memory The findings suggest that even cortisol levels in the normal healthy range can actually accelerate brain aging The study results now provide substantial evidence that long term exposure to adrenal stress hormones may promote hippocampal aging in normal elderly humans write Nada Porter and Philip Landfield of the University of Kentucky in Lexington in their editorial Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress by the adrenal glands which sit on top of the kidneys Over a 5 to 6 year period Dr Sonia Lupien and his colleagues measured 24 0hour cortiso1 levels in 51 healthy volunteers most of Whom were in their 70s Despite wide variation in cortis01 levels the participants could be divided into three subgroups those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently high increasing high those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently moderate increasing moderate and subjects whose cortisol decreased but was currently moderate decreasing moderate The researchers tested the volunteers memory on six people in the increasing high category and five people in the decreasing moderate group The groups did not differ on tests of immediate memory but the increasing high cortisol group had other memory problems compared with those in the decreasing moderate group The researchers also found that the total volume of the hippocampus in those in the increasing high group was 14 lower than those in the decreasing moderate group although there were no differences in other brain regions The results suggest that brain aging Can be accelerated by levels of adrenal hormones that are not generally regarded as pathological and that variation within this normal range is related to variation in the rate of brain aging write Porter and Landfield This further suggests that chronic stress may accelerate the worsening of hippocampus 练习 1 The part of the brain important for a person s learning and memory is A the cortiso1 B the adrenal glands C the stress hormones D the hippocampus 本试题摘取于考试吧 2 When the levels of cortisol go higher the hippocampus in the brain may A become larger B become smaller C disappear completely D be totally damaged 3 According to the article when people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork A the adrenal glands will produce a stress hormone B the kidneys will produce adrenal glands C the hippocampus will produce high levels of cortisol in the blood D the brain will work more effectively 4 It appears that when the total volume of the hippocampus becomes smaller as a result of high blood levels of cortisol other brain regions A become smaller too B become larger C may remain the same in size D maybe damaged 5 The research conducted by Porter and Landfield shows that A changes in the levels of adrenal hormones have nothing to do with brain aging B changes in the levels of adrenal hormones may affect brain aging C chronic stress may strengthen a man s memory D the rate of brain aging always remains stable 标准答案 D B A C B 22 本试题摘取于考试吧 难度 A 级 Education of Students with Vision Impairments This is specially designed education for children who are either partially sighted or blind Vision impairments are diagnosed by medical doctors who examine the physical structures in the eye and evaluate the child s ability to see shapes of different sizes at various distances In the United States approximately 12 out of l 000 children receive some form of special education because of visual impairments Partially sighted children may use a variety of adaptive aids to see more clearly and to read printed text These aids include magnifiers which may be attached to eyeglasses electronic systems for enlarging print and making it easier to see and large print books Blind children usually are taught to read Braille a system of raised dots embossed on paper and read by touch In the past turning conventional books into pages of Braille was very time consuming and the large books required enornlous storage areas However most Braille texts are now done electronically Many students read paperless Braille with the aid of machines that mechanically raise the dots in a small panel as the reader progresses through the text Because Braille cannot be read very rapidly many blind students prefer to listen to books being read on tapes Some students also use reading machines equipped with cameras that scan lines of print which computers then convert to synthesized speech Many blind and partially sighted children receive orientation and mobility training as a part of their education Specialists teach them how to travel independently in their schools and communities often with an aid such as a cane Most children with vision impairments are educated in schools within their communities Vision specialists may provide special materials and equipment help teachers and classmates understand the children s condition and possibly provide additional instruction The specialists may also teach partially sighted children how to use their remaining vision more effectively and instruct them in the use of adaptive aids Some children with vision impairments attend special schools designed to meet their particular needs Like boarding schools these schools often provide residential services as well as educational programs They also have specially designed facilities which may not be found in neighborhood schools for blind children to participate in athletics and other activities The education of many children with vision impairments is further complicated by their having other disabilities such as physical disabilities developmental impairments or hearing 本试题摘取于考试吧 loss Education for those children might emphasize the development of language and communication and personal social and vocational skills rather than academic skills 练习 1 Various adaptive aids are used to A cure children of their vision impairments B help children see more clearly read books and so on C teach children how to turn Braille into synthesized speech D teach children how to use their remaining vision more effectively 2 Large print books are those books which A are printed with large pages B have large words in them C can be read by using a magnifier