人教版必修五Unit 1 Great scientists using language课时作业（4）.docx

unit 1 great scientists using language课时作业第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。athere were more than 300 restaurants in cannes (戛纳). these restaurants below have been hand-picked by our guide author.la palme dorprice: expensivewith its great central location on la croisette, extremely stylish contemporary art decoration and delicious food, la palme dor in the hotel martinez represents the best cannes has to offer. the cuisine is modem mediterranean and the food is of the highest standard.address: hotel martinez, 73 boulevard de la croisette, cannes, francetelephone: (04) 9298 7414website: le caveau des annees 30price: moderatelocated near the vieux port, le caveau specializes in seafood and seasonal, regional produce. it has the feel and elegant style of a 1930s upscale restaurant. the food and the wine list are excellent, and the restaurant is definitely worth seeking out for its bouillabaisse (法式鱼肉羹) even if it tends to get a bit crowded in high season.address: 45 rue felix faure, cannes, francetelephone: (04) 9339 0633website: le restaurant armenienprice: cheapa warm and friendly atmosphere can be found in this restaurant as well as tasty, genuine armenian (亚美尼亚) food. in business since 1985, le restaurant arme nien offers a popular alternative to the mediterranean cuisine available on the riviera. the dolmas (stuffed vine leaves) and kechkeg (a dish with beef and bulgur wheat mixed together) are very good.address: 82 boulevard de la croisette, cai francetelephone: (04) 9394 0058website: 1. what can we learn about la palme dor?a. its prices are moderate.b. it can be found on rue saint-antoine.c. it has stylish contemporary decoration.d. it is famous for mediterranean seafood.2. according to the passage, le caveau des annees 30 .a. is located near 45 rue felix faureb. is often crowded all the year aroundc. started its business in 1985d. offers customers a chance to taste bouillabaisse3. how can you find genuine armenian food?a. by dialing (04) 9394 0058.b. by surfing .c. by visiting hotel martinez.d. by going to 45 rue felix faure, cannes, france.4. where does this passage probably come from?a. a cookbook.b. a travel guidebook.c. an entertainment magazine.d. a science fiction novel.【答案】1. c 2. d 3. a 4. b【解析】本文介绍cannes的一些美食餐厅。1. c细节理解题。根据la palme dor中with its great central location on la croisette, extremely stylish contemporary art decoration and delicious food可知，它有时尚的当代装饰。故选c。2. d细节理解题。根据le caveau des annees 30中the food and the wine list are excellent, and the restaurant is definitely worth seeking out for its bouillabaisse (法式鱼肉羹) even if it tends to get a bit crowded in high season.可知，le caveau des annees 30提供给客人品尝bouillabaisse的机会。故选d。3. a细节理解题。根据le restaurant armenien中a warm and friendly atmosphere can be found in this restaurant as well as tasty, genuine armenian (亚美尼亚) food.telephone: (04) 9394 0058由此可知，通过拨打(04) 9394 0058，可以找到真正的美国食物。故选a。4. b推理判断题。根据第一段there were more than 300 restaurants in cannes (戛纳). these restaurants below have been hand-picked by our guide author.可知，本文介绍cannes的一些餐厅，面向人群应该是游客，所以这本书最有可能来自一本“旅游指南”，故选b。bfood is a necessity for human beings to survive besides air and water. but its a lot more than that. as mariette dichristina wrote, “the closest relationship we will ever have is not with any fellow human being. instead, it is between our bodies and our food.”its almost impossible nowadays to check our social media apps without at least two or three photos of delicious meals appearing on our screen, however annoying we may find it. but behind the fancy recipes and social media bragging (夸耀), many of us forget how much we take food for granted. this is why world food day is held each year by the united nations on oct. 16. the day allows the uns food and agriculture organization to emphasize both the progress that has been made against hunger, and the awful amount of progress that still needs to be made. take kenya for example. this east african nation has been suffering terrible droughts, some of the worst in recent years. the result is that people are beginning to starve. children in particular are suffering, with some of them even dying.this may seem shocking to know, especially as many cultures outside of africa think of food in a completely different way. but even in developed nations in the west, families on low incomes are forced to use food banks organizations that hand out donated food to those who cant afford to pay for it themselves.so what can we do on world food day? one good way to spend it would be to feel humble and appreciate what we have. after all, food is essential for our survival, but not everyone is as lucky as we are when it comes to dinner time.5. why does the author quote mariette dichristinas words?a. because they discuss the latest trend in the food industry.b. because they point out the food shortage problem in the world.c. because they emphasize the connection between food and humanity.d. because they show the importance of survival.6. whats the aim of the world food day?a. to raise awareness of the issue of hunger.b. to share fancy recipes and promote food cultures.c. to call on people to donate food to those in need.d. to inform people of the food crisis in africa.7. the author suggests in the last paragraph that people should .a. give more food to charityb. feel grateful for the food they eatc. share food with their neighborsd. skip meals sometimes to save food【答案】5. c 6. a 7. b【解析】这是一篇说明文，告诉人们：除了空气和水，食物是人类生存的必需品。人们应该感激他们所吃的食物。5. c推理判断题。根据第一段food is a necessity for human beings to survive besides air and water. but its a lot more than that. as mariette dichristina wrote, “the closest relationship we will ever have is not with any fellow human being. instead, it is between our bodies and our food.”作者之所以引用mariette dichristina的话是因为因为他们强调食物和人类之间的联系。故选c。6. a推理判断题。根据第二段中the day allows the uns food and agriculture organization to emphasize both the progress that has been made against hunger, and the awful amount of progress that still needs to be made可知， the world food day的目的是为了提高对饥饿问题的认识。故选a。7. b段落大意题。根据最后一段中one good way to spend it would be to feel humble and appreciate what we have. after all, food is essential for our survival, but not everyone is as lucky as we are when it comes to dinner time.作者在最后一段告诉人们应该感激他们所吃的食物。故选b。ceight years before his death in 1896, alfred nobel was surprised to read an obituary (讣告) in the local newspaper. it was a strange obituary, for it told alfred nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead. the newspaper had confused alfred with his brother, ludwig, who had recently died.nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was also annoyed by the title of his obituary: “the merchant of death is dead”. alfred was an armaments manufacturer (武器制造商), and a very rich and successful one. this incident got him thinking about his reputation. what would people think of him after his real death? would they really say, “that was a man who profited from killing”？it was this thought that led him to leave his huge amount of money for the founding of the famous nobel prizes. his aim was to support the ongoing quest (追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace. the first awards were given out in 1901, and since then thousands of men and women have been honored.the awards let the world know about developments that may have a huge effect, on our lives. of the most famous awardees, think about polish chemist marie curie, who was the first woman to win a nobel, in 1903. sometimes, the prizes are controversial. there is often protest (抗议) at the award of the peace prize when not everyone thinks that the awardees deserve the award. even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized, although it is often because the award committees neglect important writers. the highly influential novelists james joyce and marcel proust, for example, were never honored by the swedish academy.still, for the most part the awards dont cause many complaints. alfred nobel founded the prize to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit on mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prize winners have made contributions that deserved to be honored and remembered.8. how did alfred nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper?a. amused and understanding. b. sad and worried.c. shocked and upset. d. surprised and confused.9. what did alfred nobel decide to do after reading the obituary?a. stop producing any killing weapons.b. donate all his money to charity.c. pursue excellence in the sciences.d. use his money to set up the nobel prizes.10. why are james joyce and marcel proust mentioned in the article?a. to prove the influence of the nobel prizes on literature.b. to show the controversy of some nobel prizes.c. to explain the standard of giving out the nobel prizes.d. to give examples of influential nobel prize-winners.11. what is the authors opinion toward nobel prizes?a. there are too many controversial winners.b. there should be more female winners.c. they have honored many worthy winners.d. the committees should be more selective.【答案】8. c 9. d 10. b 11. c【解析】本文介绍诺贝尔奖的创始人alfred nobel。8. c细节理解题。根据第一段中eight years before his death in 1896, alfred nobel was surprised to read an obituary (讣告) in the local newspaper. -the newspaper had confused alfred with his brother, ludwig, who had recently died.可知，当alfred nobel feel看到报纸上关于他的讣告时，他感到惊讶和困惑。故选c。9. d细节理解题。根据第三段第一句it was this thought that led him to leave his huge amount of money for the founding of the famous nobel prizes.可知，alfred nobel读了讣告之后决定用他的钱来设立诺贝尔奖。故选d。10. b推理判断题。根据第四段中sometimes, the prizes are controversial. -the highly influential novelists james joyce and marcel proust, for example, were never honored by the swedish academy.由此可推知，在文中提到james joyce 和 marcel proust是为了展示诺贝尔奖的争议。故选b。11. c观点态度题。根据最后一段alfred nobel founded the prize to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit on mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prize winners have made contributions that deserved to be honored and remembered.可知，作者认为他们尊敬了许多有价值的优胜者。故选c。dwith the warmth of the sun on your skin and the sounds of the birds in the trees, stepping outside can help anyone feel instantly better. people who have been suffering from stress and sickness can spend quiet time in gardens. you may be surprised to learn that one of the best, steps you can take to protect your health is to step outside and spend some time in the grass, dirt and water.our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature, and now scientists are starting to catch up, according to research in recent years, just having a view of nature has been shown to improve hospital patients recovery and reduce illness rates among office workers. also, exposure to wildlife, horseback riding, hiking, camping and farms can be helpful for a variety of health conditions in adults and children.much of this type of research is focusing on children, and in fact an entire movement has quickly developed to connect kids with the healing power of nature.obesity (肥胖). rates of childhood obesity have grown sharply in recent years, and this is partly because of reduced outdoor activity time. increasing the time students spend learning about nature, both in and outside the classroom, would help solve this problem. such lessons are often more attractive for students and often lead them to become more active outside.attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) (多动症). exposure to ordinary natural settings in the course of common after-school and weekend activities may be effective in reducing attention deficit symptoms in children. according to a study, participation in green activities, such as nature walks, helped adhd patients from a wide range of backgrounds to stay focused and complete tasks.stress. access to nature, even house plants, can help children cope with stress.depression and seasonal emotional disorder. major depression requires medical treatment, but physical activity, especially outdoors, can help ease symptoms. for your average case of winter blues, experts suggest spending time outside every day and, if possible, taking the family to a sunny vacation spot in mid-winter.experts emphasize that you neednt go to wilderness preserves to enjoy natures benefit! simply walking in a city park or growing in a rooftop garden can go a long way.12. what can be inferred from the first paragraph?a. enjoying the sounds of birds makes people feel instantly better.b. modem people pay little attention to the benefit of stepping outside to their health.c. stepping outside is one of the best steps you can take to protect your health.d. people suffering from stress and sickness can spend quiet time in gardens.13. according to the passage, lessons about nature .a. should involve parents in them b. should take place outdoorsc. are used widely at schools d. are liked by students14. which of the following can take place of the underlined words “go a long way”?a. walk a long way b. go far awayc. make a difference d. increase stress15. which is the best title of the passage?a. healing power of nature b. access to the naturec. problems with children d. solutions to obesity【答案】12. b 13. d 14. c 15. a【解析】本文旨在说明接触大自然有利于我们的身体健康。12. b推理判断题。根据第一段中you may be surprised to learn that one of the best, steps you can take to protect your health is to step outside and spend some time in the grass, dirt and water.可知，现代人忽视走到户外去对他们的健康有好处。故选b。13. d细节理解题。根据第四段中increasing the time students spend learning about nature, both in and outside the classroom, would help solve this problem. such lessons are often more attractive for students and often lead them to become more active outside.可知，学生喜欢关于大自然的课。故选d。14. c词义猜测题。从最后一段中的“a city park”和“a rooftop garden”，可知普通的自然环境对健康也有好处，而非一定要是wilderness preserves才能有利健康。所以划线部分的意思是“产生意义，有影响”，故选c。15. a主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了大自然在治疗疾病，尤其是一些儿童常见病症中的作用，所以 a项 healing power of nature，为最佳主题。【名师点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。本题第1小题，根据第一段中you may be surprised to learn that one of the best, steps you can take to protect your health is to step outside and spend some time in the grass, dirt and water.可推知，现代人忽视走到户外去对他们的健康有好处。故选b。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。did you take part in a camp this summer? there are so many summer camps and not all of them are the same. _16_maybe youve never thought about it before, but every great summer camp has the same main goals: opportunity, challenge and growth.opportunity means you are given a chance to do something special. it also makes you special because other kids dont have the same opportunity. for example, if you are interested in writing, then you can choose to jo