（浙江专版）2018年中考英语特训总复习 第三部分 中考专项突破篇 第34课时 阅读理解（精讲）试题.doc

第34课时阅读理解阅读理解主要考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力。其考查方式通常是给出一篇短文，短文后设有几个小题，学生在掌握所读材料的主旨和大意后，完成这几个小题。从近几年浙江省的中考阅读理解来看，共分为四篇，每篇后的题目遵循3444的形式，共15小题。短文体裁多样，题材各异。文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性和实用性。常见题型主要有主旨概括题、细节理解题、推理判断题和猜测词义题。1阅读短文之前，先快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，从而快速、准确地捕捉所需信息。2通篇阅读，掌握大意，找出文中表达中心意思的主题句，把握全文脉络和中心思想。3弄清考点，复读答题。在正确理解短文内容的基础上，认真细读短文后的题目，然后带着问题逐句细读、认真推敲、最后答题。4分清题型，区别对待。主旨概括题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握，短文一般围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文首句或最后一句。细节理解题往往针对短文某个细节来设题，做此类题时，阅读要有针对性，抓住与问题相关的语句进行答题。推理判断题主要考查学生的理解力和推断力，做此类题时，应根据文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，从而做出合乎逻辑的判断。猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力，答题时，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索，猜出该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切。5注意先易后难，做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序。话题1：人物故事类even though i just had lunch not long ago，i was felling hungry again.i went to the kitchen to look for something to eat.that was when i discovered the pudding in the fridge.it was made from milk，sugar，eggs and fruits，and it looked so yummy.i noticed that there was only one left.i was putting the pudding on a plate when my brother came into the kitchen.he found the pudding and asked for it.“its mine! i was the only one who found it！” i shouted.“you are my elder brother，you should give it to me！” said he.then he started pulling the plate towards himself and i did the same.suddenly，the plate moved to one side and the pudding slipped(滑动)out of the plate.it landed on the floor and turned into a yellow mess.my brother and i both looked at each other，feeling amazed and disappointed at the same time.it was such a waste!to my surprise，ollie，our pet dog，walked over to the mess on the floor.it began to lap_up the pudding happily，within minutes，the mess on the floor was gone.ollie licked(舔) its lips when it was done.after watching ollie finishing the whole pudding by itself，we realised _if both of us had shared the pudding，we would both have got to eat half of it.it was because of our greed(贪婪) that we ended up with nothing.that day，my brother and i learnt a good lesson.()1.the writers brother thought he should get the pudding because _ahe found it by himselfbhe made it by himselfche was hungrierdhe was younger()2.the underlined part “lap up” in paragraph 4 is the closest in meaning to _ashare bmove ceat dpull()3.which of the following can be put in the blank in the last paragraph?ahow foolish we had beenbhow happy we both werecit was wrong to keep a pet dogdthe pudding was not yummy【短文大意】短文主要讲述了“我”和弟弟抢夺布丁，最后布丁从盘子里滑落下去，被宠物狗吃掉的故事。短文告诉我们：如果不学会分享，就会被贪婪毁灭的一无所有。【解析】1.d细节理解题。根据第二段的“you are my elder brother，you should give it to me！” said he.可知，作者的弟弟认为他应该得到布丁是因为他年幼一些。2c猜测词义题。由上下文可知，“我”和弟弟抢夺布丁，最后布丁从盘子里滑落下去，结果被宠物狗开心地吃掉了。3a由全文内容可知，“我”和弟弟在看见宠物狗吃掉布丁后，开始意识到我们的愚笨。如果我们能学会分享，就可以每人吃到一半的布丁。话题2：诗歌鉴赏类the road not takenby robert frosttwo roads diverged(分歧)in a yellow wood，and sorry i could not travel bothand be one traveller，long i stoodand looked down one as far as i couldto where it bent(弯曲)in the undergrowth；then took the other，as just as fair，and having perhaps the better claim，because it was grassy and wanted wear；though as for that the passing therehad worn them really about the same，and both that morning equally layin leaves no step had trodden(践踏)black.oh，i kept the first for another day!yet knowing how way leads on to way，i doubted if i should ever come back.i shall be telling this with a sigh(叹息)somewhere ages and ages hence：two roads diverged in a wood，and ii took the one less travelled by，and that has made all the difference.( b )1.“two roads”in the poem symbolize(象征)_atwo travellersbtwo kinds of life choicescthe same life goaldtwo simple forest paths( d )2.the writer finally chose the road _athat was filled with grass and flowersbthat was filled with mountains and rockscthat many people had travelleddthat few people had travelled( c )3.from the poem，we can see the writer is _ about his choice.ahappy bsadcunsure dsatisfied话题3：广告、布告类square dance abc is an exciting new way to practise square dancing.enjoy a fan，easy beginners square dance，with no experience needed.there are three different dances.the a，b and c dances can be experienced in any order.this is the main difference between square dance abc and the traditional “lessonbased” way.you can do the three beginners dances in any order.instead of waiting until a class starts once a year，people can start square dance abc any time!after all three dances (in an order)，dancers have learned 22 square dance movements.the next step is the experienced abc dance，using all 22 movements.it is easy to convince people to try square dancing any time.most people that try it will like it.square dance abc will bring lots of opportunities(机会)for fun，fitness and friends!come on，well make this project as easy as abc!if you have questions or comments about this site，please email us at webmastersquare dance abc.com.( d )1.who might be interested in this website?akids that are good at drawing.badults that want to go travellingcvolunteers that want to teach childrendpeople that want to learn to dance.( c )2.if you join the square dance abc，you can _asave lots of money for a holidaybtry square dancing only oncecstay healthy and make lots of friendsdlearn the english letters abc more easily( d )3.the passage is probably _aan advertisement by an english clubban invitation by an english clubcan application by a sports clubdan advertisement by a dance club话题4：社会现象类research says that husbands do not do their fair share of work around the house.a study from an american university says that men seldom do the same share of housework.researchers interviewed 182 working couples who became firsttime parents.both husbands and wives worked almost the same number of hours in fulltime jobs.however，men did five hours a week less housework than women after their baby was born.it_is_a_different_story_for_mothers.becoming a parent added 21 hours a week to a mothers work.most of this was looking after her baby.new fathers did not do more work because they did not realize the mother was doing so much more.another reason is that after a baby is born，fathers follow the “traditional” roles.that is，the mother looks after the baby and the father works outside.this happens even when the mother is working the same number of hours in her job.( b )1.it is found that _ do less housework.awives bhusbandscparents dbabies( c )2.the underlined sentence “it is a different story for mothers.” probably means _amothers come from different familiesbmothers like reading different storiescmothers work more hours than fathersddifferent mothers have different children( a )3.what is the “traditional” role of a father?aworking outsideblooking after the babycdoing houseworkddoing parttime jobs( d )4.which part of a newspaper can this passage be taken from?asports bmedicinecnews dsociety话题5：新闻报道类on april 26，2017，a big chinese ship caught the eyes of the whole world.chinas first homemade aircraft carrier (航空母舰)hit the water in dalian，liaoning.it is the largest and best ship china has ever built，reported china daily.the new ship is chinas second aircraft carrier and it has no name yet.chinas first carrier is called liaoning，which was bought from ukraine and later rebuilt by china.the new carrier was designed(设计)in china and building began in 2013.the ship now must be completed at sea，which will take several years.an aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea.it can carry hundreds of planes and troops(军队)to wars.planes fly from and land back on it，and soldiers work and live on it.thanks to carriers，planes can fight along with warships(战舰)they allow planes to take off and land from anywhere in the ocean around the world.but an aircraft carrier is very hard and expensive to build.it costs a lot of money and uses a large amount of steel(钢材) and other special materials.for example，a basic aircraft carrier is made of 60，000 tons of steel! it also uses complex(综合的) technologies including radar(雷达)，electrics，mechanics(机械学) and weapons.finally，it takes years to build.today，not many countries own an aircraft carrier or have the ability to build one.when the new carrier is finished，china will become the seventh country in the world that can build an aircraft carrier by itself，after the us，russia，uk，france，italy and spain，reported china daily.( c )1.which of the following is true of chinas new aircraft carrier?ait is chinas first aircraft carrier.bit is called liaoning.cit was designed in china.dit was bought from russia.( a )2.what is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?awhat an aircraft carrier is.bthe similarities between an aircraft carrier and an airport.ca new place for planes to take off and land on.da secret weapon for wars.( d )3.which is not mentioned in the fifth paragraph for building an aircraft carrier?atime. bmoney.ctechnology. dtroops.( c )4.what can we learn from the story?achina has already got two aircraft carriers.bchina cant make its own aircraft carrier.cbuilding an aircraft carrier is not an easy job.dchina has finished making its own aircraft carrier.话题6：文学作品类little women is a novel by an american writer，which was published in 1868 and 1869.the novel follows the lives of four sistersmeg，jo，beth，and amy march from childhood to womanhood.these four sisters live with their mother.meg and jo march，the elder sisters，both work outside the home for money to support the family.meg teaches four children in a nearby family，while jo helps her grandaunt march，who is very rich.beth helps with the housework，and amy attends school.their nearest neighbour is a rich man whose orphaned grandson lives with him.the sisters introd