高一必修一第二单元.doc

Module 2 My New Teachers 要点一 单词1. patient adj. 耐心的，能忍受的，坚韧的n.病人归纳拓展（1）be patient with sb.对某人有耐心be patient of sth.忍耐某事（2）patience n.耐心，耐性have patience with sb./sth. 对某人/某事有耐心have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事be out of patience with.对忍无可忍have no patience with.对不能容忍with patience=patiently (adv.)耐心地（3）impatient adj.不耐烦的，没有耐心的impatience n.不耐烦，无耐性例句：My father is lively and energetic,but he is not very patient.我父亲性情开朗、精力充沛但不是很有耐心。The doctor is very patient with his patients.这个医生对他的病人很有耐心。After the earthquake,he waited for the rescue with patience.地震后，他耐心地等待救援的到来。Only those who have the _ to do simple things perfectly will acquire the skill to do difficult things easily.A. patienceB. patientC. ancientD. impatience【解析】根据句意可知拥有的应是“耐心”，故选A项patience“耐心”。B项patient作名词时，意为“病人”；C项ancient是形容词，“古老的”；D项impatience“不耐烦”。【答案】A幻灯片82. avoid vt. 避免；避开；逃避归纳拓展（1）avoid后可以跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式作宾语，但不能跟不定式作宾语。（2）avoid (doing) sth.避免（做）某事（3）avoidable adj.可避免的例句：I avoided punishment/being punished by running away.我跑开才逃离了惩罚。To green hands, mistakes are not avoidable.对新手来说，犯错误是难免的。【链接训练】There was an uncovered well on the road and the man couldnt _ falling into it in the darkness.A.avoidB.helpC.refuseD.prevent【解析】考查动词的用法辨析。avoid doing sth.“避免/避开做某事”；cant help doing“禁不住做某事”；refuse后面一般跟动词不定式to do作宾语，意为“拒绝做某事”; prevent.from doing sth.“阻止做”。句意为：马路上有一个没有盖子的井，那个人在黑夜里无法避免地掉到井里去了。故正确答案为A。【答案】A3. dare vt.敢于面对，敢于承担（风险）v.aux.敢，竟敢归纳拓展（1）dare可作情态动词。一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中，后接动词原形。作为情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，其时态只有一般现在时和一般过去式（dared）；否定形式为darent。（2）当dare作实义动词且用在否定句和疑问句中时，其后接不定式，不定式符号to常可省略。（3）I dare say是固定短语，意为“我敢说，恐怕也许是”，常作插入语。 darent 例句：I dont dare（to） quarrel with them. didnt dare（to） 我不敢跟他们争吵。0Dare you go out alone at night?你晚上敢单独出去吗？I dare say there are mistakes.恐怕这里面有些错误。【链接训练】You neednt stop me.Even if you _ it, I wont allow you to swim across the river.A.dared doB.dare doC.dare not doD.doesnt dare to do【解析】dare作情态动词时，后面直接跟动词原形。A项时态不正确；C、D两项用否定式形式，不合句意。故选B。【答案】B幻灯片134.appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏，重视；对表示感谢；感激；意识到，懂得归纳拓展appreciate意为“感谢”时，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不接不定式或表人的名词或代词作宾语。另外，其后通常不直接接从句，而是以it作先行宾语，其后再接从句。appreciate + n./pron. doing sth.ones doingI would appreciate it if.如果我将不胜感激幻灯片14例句：I greatly appreciate your kindness.我很感激你的好意。I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down.如果你把音乐关小一些，我将不胜感激。His genius was at last universally appreciated.他的天才终于得到了普遍的赏识。幻灯片15【链接训练】Did Hanna say anything about me in her letter？Only that shed appreciate _ from you.A.to hearB.hearingC.to hearingD.to have heard【解析】appreciate后应接v. -ing形式作宾语，故选B。【答案】B5.admit (admitted,admitting)vt.承认，准许进入（或使用），让享有（to）;接纳，接收；能容纳；供认（事实、错误等）vi.容许，留有余地；通向，开向归纳拓展（1）admit + sth. 承认（事实、过失等）doing/having done sth. 承认做过某事that. 承认sb./sth.to be 承认某人/事（to be作宾语补足语）（2）admit.to/into. 接纳；许可人/物进入sb. be admitted to. 接受某人（入学、入院等）（3）admit of.容许有，有的可能；容许有的余地例句：He admitted having driven the car without insurance.他承认驾驶过这辆没有保险的轿车。Tom was admitted to Oxford University last year.汤姆去年被牛津大学录取了。The facts admit of no other explanations.事实不容辩解。【链接训练】China will at the forefront of combating climate change by 2010 if it _ government targets on reducing greenhouse gas emissions（排放物）.A.admitsB.meetsC.deservesD.recognizes【解析】句意为：如果中国能达到有关削减温室气体排放的政府目标，到2020年中国将跻身于对抗气候变化的前沿。meet在此意为“符合，达到”。admit“承认，接纳”；deserve“值得，应受”；recognize“认出”。【答案】BAs a senior student, I am determined to work harder in order to _ the desired university.A.admit byB.be admitted byC.admit intoD.be admitted into【解析】考查admit用作“接纳/录取，允许进入”的意思。句意为：作为一名高中生，我决定更加努力，是为了被期望的大学所录取。be admitted to/into“允许进入，被录取”，符合题意。【答案】D6.respect vt.尊敬，尊重n.U尊敬，尊重；（pl.）敬意，问候C着眼点，方面，细节归纳拓展(1) respect sb./sth.for sth.因某事尊敬或敬重某人/某物respect oneself自重，自尊(2)show/have respect for尊敬，尊重out of ones respect出于对某人的尊敬(3)send/give ones respects to.代某人向问好(4)in respect of sth.关于某事物in every respect=in all respects在每一点儿上例句：I respect you for your honesty.由于你为人正直，我对你十分敬重。Students should show respect for their teachers.学生要尊敬老师。Please give my respects to your parents.请代我向你的父母问好。The book is admirable in respect of style.这本书风格极佳。【链接训练】Mr Black is the professor _ I have great respect.A.to whomB.whomC.whoD.for whom【解析】have/show respect for sb.“尊重某人”。for whom引导定语从句。【答案】D要点二 短语1. make sure查明；设法确保，确定；相信归纳拓展（1）make sure+ of/about sth./doing sth.thatclause（2）be sure+ of/about+n./pron./doingthatclause （主语只能是某人）to do sth. （主语是人或物）what （how，when.）+不定式注意：be sure to do sth.表示主语肯定会做某事be sure of doing sth.表示主语对做某事有把握例句：Good teachers make sure that everyone in the class understands them.好老师能确保班里的每个学生都能听懂。Arrive early at the cinema to make sure of getting a seat!早点到电影院来，以确保得到一个座位！Be sure to ring and let us know youve got back safely.一定要来个电话，让我们知道你已平安返回。【链接训练】 _to come and meet my family today, will you?A.To be sureB.Being sureC.Be sureD.Make sure【解析】be sure后面可以跟to do sth.；而make sure后面不能。be sure to do此处意为“一定、务必做”。【答案】C2.as a result 作为结果，因此归纳拓展（1）as a result of 由于，因为的缘故with the result that. 结果without result 毫无结果（2）result in 导致（后跟结果）result from 起因，由于（后跟原因）例句：As a result,a sit down strike began.结果发生了静坐罢工。A sit down strike began as a result of the poor conditions.由于条件太差，结果发生了静坐罢工。The confusionresults from起因于the strike.混乱是由罢工引起的。The strikeresults in导致the confusion.罢工导致了混乱。【链接训练】Most of all Chinese homes now have microwave ovens，partly _ less time to spend preparing food.A.as a reason ofB.as a result ofC.becauseD.as a fact that【解析】句意为：中国大多数家庭现在有微波炉，部分原因是准备食物可以花费很少的时间。as a result of后面跟名词，意为“因为，由于”。【答案】B3.would rather宁愿归纳拓展（1）would rather与than连用，可构成另一个惯用句式，即would rather (do).than (do).，意为“宁愿（做）而不愿（做）；与其（做）不如（做）”。（2）would rather.than.也可改成would (do).rather than (do).，其用法及含义不变。（3）would rather+从句常用来表示一种遗憾或后悔，从句要用虚拟语气。would rather sb.did sth.宁愿某人做某事（用一般过去时表示现在和将来）would rather sb.had done sth.宁愿某人做过某事（用过去完成时表示过去的情况）(4)would rather (not)+动词原形宁愿（不）做某事例句：I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁可在家看电视也不愿去看电影。Facing the enemies，our soldiers would die rather than surrender.面对敌人，我们的战士宁死不屈。I would rather you didnt tell him about this.我宁愿你不告诉他这件事。（还没有告诉）I would rather you hadnt told him about this.我倒宁愿你没把此事告诉他。（已经告诉了）【链接训练】Wed rather our president _make the decision or scores of employees will be cast down.A.wontB.doesntC.shantD.didnt【解析】考查would rather的用法。句意为：我们宁愿董事长还没有作出这个决定。否则会有许多员工将会感到失望的。根据句意可知是对现在情况的虚拟，故用一般过去时来构成虚拟语气。选D项。【答案】D要点三 句型She explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it!她讲解英语语法如此清楚，甚至连我都能明白。归纳拓展so.that.与such.that.两者都引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”。不同的是so为副词，such为形容词。其用法区别为：注意：（1）so与such引导的结果状语从句置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。（2）so that.所以，因此，结果（引导结果状语从句）；以便，为的是（引导目的状语从句）。so that引导目的状语从句，从句中常有can,may,could,might,will等情态动词，从句前不用逗号。so that引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用，从句前可用逗号隔开。例句：He was so fat that he couldnt get through the door.他胖得无法通过这道门。It is such a tiny kitchen that I dont have to do much to keep it clean.这个厨房很小，我不必太费劲就可以保持它的清洁。They all worked day and night so that they might finish the task ahead of time.他们日夜工作，以便可以提前完成任务。The old man was caught in a rain,so that all his clothes were wet.那老人淋了雨，因此衣服全湿透了。【链接训练】This morning, he went to school in _ a hurry that he wore shoes that didnt _ at all.A.so; suitB.such; fitC.such; matchD.so; go with【解析】句意为：今天早晨他忙去上学以至于他穿的鞋子都不成双。考查such+n.+that及so+adj./adv.+ that句型和suit,match,fit，go with四者的区别及用法。match“与相匹配”；fit侧重指“尺寸大小合适”；suit侧重“合乎条件、身份、口味等”；go with“同意；接受；与某物相配”。综上，选C。【答案】CThe college education system should be reformed _ it can follow the pace of the economic development.A.so long asB.so thatC.only ifD.even though【解析】句意为：大学的教育体制应该改革以便跟上经济发展的步伐。so that“以便，且的是”,引导目的状语从句；so long as“只要”；only if“只有”;even though“即使”。根据句意可知选B项。【答案】B要点四 语法接动名词作宾语的动词英语中有些动词和动词短语后面只能跟-ing形式作宾语。1.英语中常接动名词作宾语的动词归纳如下：admit,allow，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，enjoy，escape，pardon,permit,prevent，finish，imagine，mind，miss，practise，risk，suggest，forbid，stand，forgive，keep例句：They dont allow/permit parking here.他们不允许在这儿停车。Do you mind my opening the window?你介意我开窗吗？2.英语中常接动名词作宾语的动词短语归纳如下：be used to，lead to，devote oneself to，object to，stick to，look forward to，cant help，be fond of，put off，keep on，insist on，set about，take up，give up,admit to,prefer.to,be busy,be worth.,be tired of,be afraid of,think of/about,be proud of,be successful in,Its no use/good.,burst out,prevent.from.例句：My father used to smoke after dinner,but now he is used to drinking water after dinner.我父亲过去饭后常常吸烟，但现在他已经习惯了饭后喝水。3.有些动词后面既可跟-ing形式，又可跟动词不定式，意思差别不大，如start,begin,continue等。例句：It began to rain./It began raining.天开始下雨了。4.有些动词后可跟两种形式，意思上有一些细微的差别，如like,love,hate,learn,prefer等。当表示一般情况或一种倾向时，其后多跟动词-ing形式；当表示一种特定情况或具体动作时，多接动词不定式。例句：I like listening to music, but today I dont like to.我喜欢听音乐，但我今天不想听。5.有些动词后面可接动词-ing形式和动词不定式，意思差别很大，如remember,forget,regret等。这些词后接动词-ing时，表示动作已经完成；接动词不定式时，表示动作尚未发生或即将发生。另外，还有些动词，如try,mean,stop等，其后接v.-ing形式和不定式形式，意思差别也很大，要注意区分并加以特别记忆。forget doing sth. 忘记已做过的事forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事remember doing sth. 记得曾做过某事remember to do sth. 记住要做某事regret doing sth. 后悔做过的事regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾、抱歉try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.努力做某事mean doing sth.意味着mean to do sth.打算做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事6.在want,need,require等动词后，总是用-ing的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“to be+v.-ed形式”。例句：My watch needs repairing(