八年级下册语文字词拼音和解释.docx

.词汇（10分）A）使用括号里词的正确形式填空.（5分）1. If it _(snow) tomorrow, well take a bus.2Look at the sun. It always shines _(bright)at this time of year3Miss Smith put the new dress on, and looked at _(she )in the mirror 4I think the dictionary is _(help)to your study5Dont open your books Please keep them_(close)B) 选择正确的短语填空，注意使用正确的形式。（5分）6 My father _ _ _ my good results at school.7. We will _ _to clean our classroom.8. You can _ _ me if you get to Fuzhou. I will meet you.9. Our math teacher is very patient and explains things to us _ _ _ _10. .We will help you.C)选择与画线部分意思相同和相近的选项.（5分）（ ）11.Youll be all right after taking the medicine.A. goodB. nice C. fine D. right（ ）12.When it was my time to give a speech, I became very nervous.A. duty B. turnC. chanceD. pleasure（ ）13. Whats funny about the film star? Lend me your ears and youll know what is funny about her.A. Ill borrow your earsB. Listen to me carefully C. Take my ears D. You can hear me（ ）14.When he knew he didnt pass the English test, he pulled a long face.A. looked excited B. looked sad C. looked shy D. looked wonderful（ ）15.I was just a small potato in the company, so few people noticed me.A. not youngB. not tallC. not old enoughD. not important.单项选择（15分）( ) 1. The dish _ nice.A. sounds B. smells C. feels( ) 2. I felt tired _ I worked late last night.A. because B. whenC. if ( ) 3. He is not as _ as his younger brother.A. strongB. strongerC. strongest( ) 4. My watch _. Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost and Found.A. is lostB. is brokenC. has found( ) 5. Dont worry. There is _ time to go.A. someB. fewC. little( ) 6. He said _ his English teacher last year.A. thanks toB. thanks for C. thank( ) 7. My mother usually gets used to _ late.A. go to bedB. going to bedC. getting to the bed( ) 8. The smile on her face shows that she is _ her work.A. worried about B. pleased with C. sorry for( ) 9. All the children like Mr. White very much because he often makes them _.A. laughedB. laughC. laughing( ) 10. We must _ our classmates at school.A. got along withB. get along with C. get along( ) 11. The old man feels _ and _.A. alone; disappointedB. lonely; disappointedC. lonely; disappointing( ) 12. I hope everything _ well.A. goesB. go C. gone( ) 13. The teacher explained it _ the students carefully.A. toB. withC. at( ) 14. Listening to music is a good way to help us be more _ .A. relaxedB. relaxC. relaxing( ) 15. Think it over before _ important decisions.A. to makeB. makeC. making. 情景对话。从所给的选项中选择最佳项完成对话（10分）A. Are you feeling better?B. Where shall we meet?C. What are you doing?D. Im feeling better.E. Would you like to go with me?F. When shall we meet?John: Hello, Jim. This is John. 1 Jim: Im staying in bed. I had a bad cold.John: Im sorry to hear that. 2 Jim: Yes. My mother took me to the hospital. Whats the matter?John: I got two tickets to Titanic this evening. 3 Jim: Yes, Id like to.John: 4 Jim: Lets meet at half past six.John: 5 Jim: Lets meet at the school gate.John: OK. See you then.Jim: See you.1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _.完形填空（10分）Many people like to read the Guinness Book of World Records (吉尼斯世界纪录大全), and some people want to 1 in it. 2 do people get their 3 in the book? They do something 4 and 5 , such as making the worlds largest cake with more than 54,000 eggs.For many people, it is fun to make 6 records. It is exciting. But who eats the 7 ?While some people are making world records, 8 do not have much food 9 . Hunger (饥饿) is a very serious problem in many places. How many 10 people do not have enough money to buy good food? How many children go to bed without dinner? The answer is “Too many”.( ) 1. A. joinB. isC. beD. 不填( ) 2. A. HowB. WhatC. WhenD. Why( ) 3. A. foodB. namesC. rightsD. records( ) 4. A. newB. oldC. importantD. interesting( ) 5. A. niceB. difficultC. differentD. good ( ) 6. A. theirB. itsC. hisD. her( ) 7. A. cakeB. foodC. itD. that( ) 8. A. theyB. peopleC. othersD. we( ) 9. A. to eatB. to buyC. to haveD. to own( ) 10. A. strongB. oldC. youngD. weak.阅读理解（40分）(A) A good way to pass an examination is to work hard every day in the year. You may fail in the examination if you are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the examination. If you are taking an English examination, dont learn only rules of grammar.Try to read stories in English and speak in English whenever you can. A few days before examination you should start going to bed early. Do not stay up late at night studying and learning things. Before you start the examination, read carefully over the examination paper. Try to understand the exact meaning of each question before you pick up your pen to write. When you have at last finished your examination, read your answers, correct any mistakes that you see and make sure that you have not missed anything out .根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 1. How do you know to pass an examination?A. Work hard every day in a year.B. Work hard many days in a year.C. Work hard most of time in a year.D. Work hard only a few days before the examination.( ) 2. If you are going to take examination, _ .A. study hard and sleep lessB. get up early and do a lot of readingC. go to bed early and have a good restD. go to bed late and get up late( ) 3. What should you do when you are taking the examination?A. Pick up your pen and write at once.B. After you finish the examination, hand in at once.C. Try to understand every word while you are reading.D. Go over your paper before you hand it in.( ) 4. What should you do if you want to learn English well according to the passage?A. Speak more, listen less, never write.B. Speak less, write more, never listen.C. Read more, listen more, speak less.D. read and speak as much as possible.( ) 5. What does “missed.out”mean according to the passage?A.遗漏B.增补C.缺乏D.丰富 (B)My sister is an air hostess(空中小姐).Yesterday morning my sister was at the back of the plane. She was going to take food and drinks to the passengers. A little old woman came up to her and said, “Could you please tell me where the Ladies Room is?”“Certainly, Madam.” answered my sister,” Its right at the other end of the plane in the front.”The old woman went too far. She walked all the way to the front of the plane, opened the door in front of her and saw the captain (机长)and his workmates in the small room. They were all busy with their work and didnt see her. She went out again and came back to my sister.“Oh, didnt you find it?” asked my sister.“Yes, I did.” said the little old woman,” But there were four men in the Ladies Room watching TV!”()6. My sister works .A. in a planeB. in a shopC. in a train()7. My sisters duty is .A. to take food and drinks to the passengers(乘客)B. to show the toilets to the passengersC. to help the passengers()8.The old woman didnt know where the Ladies Room was because .A. She travelled by plane for the first timeB. She wanted to talk with my sisterC. here werent any toilets in the plane()9.The old woman went in the .A. Mens roomB. control cabin(驾驶舱)C. sitting room()10.The old woman thought .A. the four men watched TV in the Ladies RoomB. my sister fooled (捉弄)herC. the Ladies Room was at the back of the plane(C）Maria, Jane and MaryMaria was very happy. She was at a new school, and the students were friendly. “Hi, Maria!” they said. But some students said, “Hi, Jane!” Maria didnt understand. She asked another student. “Why do some students call me Jane?”“ Oh,” the student said, “Jane was a student here last year. Now she goes to a different school. You look like Jane. So some students think that youre Jane.”Maria wanted to see Jane. She got Janes address from a student and went to Janes house. Maria couldnt believe her eyes. She really looked like Jane! They had the same color eyes and the same smile. They had the same black hair and their birthdays were on the same day. And they were both adopted(领养)by two different families.Later Maria and Jane found out that they were twin sisters. Soon after the girls were born, one family adopted Maria, and another family adopted Jane. Marias family never know about Jane and Janes family never know about Maria.Maria and Janes story was in the newspaper. There was a photo of Maria and Jane next to the story. A girl named Mary saw the photo in the newspaper. Mary couldnt believe her eyes. She really looked like Maria and Jane! And she, too, was adopted by a third family.Later Mary met Maria and Jane. When Maria and Jane saw Mary, they were very surprised. Mary really looked like them! Why did Mary look like Maria and Jane? You can guess. Maria and Jane are not twins. Maria Jane and Mary are triplets(三胞胎).()11. Maria was at the new school.A. sorryB. happyC. sad()12.Some students thought .A. Jane was MariaB. Maria was MaryC. Maria was Jane()13.Maria saw Jane .A. in Janes house B. at schoolC. in the classroom()14.Mary knew the story from .A .the newspaperB. a bookC. other people()15.Maria, Jane and Mary were .A. classmatesB. sistersC .twins(D)Young people can have problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates. Jiu, a second year junior student from Fujian, could not understand his teacher and was doing badly in class. He became so worried about it that he started to cut his fingers （手指）with a knife.Another student, 14-year-old Lan from Guangzhou, was afraid of exams. She got very worried, and when she looked at the exam paper, she couldnt think of anything to write.A recent（最近的）report says about 18 percent of teens have mental（精神上） problems. Their troubles include（包括）being worried and very unhappy, and having problems in learning and getting on with people.Many students who have problems wont go for advice or help. Some think they will look stupid if they go to see a doctor. Others dont want to talk about their secrets.An expert on teenagers has the following advice for teens:Talk to your parents or teachers often.Take part in group activities and play sports.Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell.根据短文判断正（T）误（F）。( ) 16.Young people dont have problems with their minds.( ) 17.It is important to get on well with others.( ) 18.Lan was not worried about her exam.( ) 19.If we have some problems, we should use alcohol drinks to stop them.( ) 205.Jiu could understand his teacher.书面表达（15分）下面是一些中文提示，请写一篇70字左右的短文：上周，吉姆生病住院，我们去看他，他很高兴。他说他在那已呆了两天，他对这个月月底的考试感到紧张。因为他很多课都没上，糟糕的天气也对他的情绪产生影响。我们叫他别紧张，我们可以轮流帮他学习功课，我们也会带些CD来让他听音乐。他非常高兴。one.” 参考答案Unit 5 听力部分. 15E B A D C . 15C A A C C. 15A A B B C. 15A C C B A笔试部分. A）1. smile 2. silly 3. bitter 4. advice 5. decisionsB) 1. is pleased with 2. take turns 3. ring up 4. over and over again 5.Take it easy. 1. B 此词考查连系动词的词义区别，根据上下文应选B2. A 此题考查复合句的判断，根据句意理解，结合连词的作用区别，正确答案为A3. A 表示两个人或物在某方面程度相同时，要用as as句型，在此句型中形容词用原形4. A 从Lost and Found 失物招领处可知此空应是“is lost”5. A 根据上文Dont worry(别担心)，说明还有一点时间，故答案为A6. A say thanks to 是一个固定搭配7. B get used to 中的to 是介词，因此后面加动词ing的形式8. B 她的脸上带着笑容，说明她对工作很满意，因此用be pleased with9. B 该题考查使役动词make, make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，所以选B10. B 该题考查词组 get along with. 与某人相处融洽，所以选B11. B alone 意为单独，相当于all by oneself,而lonely意为“孤独”, disappointed意为“失望的”，而“含人失望的”是disappointing.12. A13. A explain to 意为“对解释”14A15C before在此句中为介词，所以后接动名词. 1. is able to 2. as, as 3. not to 4. why didnt she pass 5. How do. 1.went短文中“one day”意为“一天”，指过去时，所以，go应用过去式went.2.felt feel tired意为“感到劳累”3.cooking do the cooking意为“做饭”4.looked look over意为检查5.minutes a few在修饰可数名词时，要接名词复数6.ate eat too much food 吃了太多的东西7.take take exercise是固定结构，表示“锻炼”8.asked 询问9.thinner 更瘦，与原来比较，用比较级10.healthier 主句表示“少吃东西”，是比较级，因此从句中应该用比较级与之对应. 1.C 2.A 3.E 4.F 5.B. 1. C be指存在非加入组织，所以不用join2. A 指加入记录的原因3. D 记录载入大全一书（参考第二段）4. A5. B 吉尼斯大全为挑战极限，所以新、难6. A 根据many people可推出7. A8. C 从while some 推出9. A 不定式作定语10. B 与children 对立. (A) 1. F The man wanted to know the secret very much.2. T 3. F You are the fifth today.4. F The boy got twenty-five dollars.5. F he would be very sad. (B) 1. A 参考第一段第一句。考试及格的办法就是常年如一日地好好学习2. C 参考第二段第二句，考试前几天应早睡3. D 参考第二段最后一句，考完后应仔细检查4. D 参考第二段第一句，利用一切机会看英文小说，用英文交流5. A 参考第二段最后一句，本题考查学生结合语境理解词义的能力，(C) 1. F 由第一句“young people can have problems with their minds.” 可判断此句错误 2. T 联系上下文，并根据文章内容大意可知3. F 根据文章句子Lan was worried about his exam4. F 根据文章意思可判断5. F 文章句子“Jim could not understand his teacher.” 可知. Jim was sick last week. We went to see him. He was very glad. He said he stayed there alone for two days. He was nervous about the test at the end of this month, because he missed lots of lessons. And the bad weather affected his feelings, too. We asked him to take it easy because we could take turns to help him with his lessons. And we would bring some CDs to him so that he could listen to music. He was very pleased.新目标初二英语下册期中复习学案复习过程一. 重点单词 Unit 4 1. ever adv.曾经；永远2. message n.消息；信息 3. suppose v.假定；认为；期望4. nervous adj.神经紧张的；不安的 5. true adj.真实的 6. lucky adj.幸运的 7. copy v.复制；抄袭8. own adj.自己的 9. village n.乡村10. area n.地区；地域的 11. meter n.米；公尺12. thin adj.稀薄的 13. decision n.决心；决定14. husband n. 丈夫 15. college n.学院；大学16. start n.开始；开端 17. influence n.影响18. hometown n.家乡，故乡 19. danger n.危险 Unit 5 1. flower n.花 2. against prep.反对 3. chance n.机会；机遇 4. tonight n.今晚，今夜 5. window n.窗；窗户 6. explain v.解释；说明 7. improve v.提高；改进二. 重点词组 Unit 4 1. have a surprise party开一个惊喜聚会 2. be mad at对非常愤怒，恼火 3. first of all首先 4. pass.to把传给 5. be supposed to认为必须，认为应该 6. do well in在某方面做得好；擅长 7. have a cold感冒 8. be in good health身体健康 9. get nervous变得紧张 10. end-of-year exam年终考试 11. report card成绩报告单 12. get over恢复；克服 13. pass on传递 Unit 5 1. let in允许进入，允许参加 2. remind sb. of sth提醒某人某事 3. take away拿走，拿开 4. make money挣钱，赚钱 5. travel round the world周游世界 6. be famous著名，有名 7. go to college上大学 8. make a living谋生，以为生 9. all the time一直，总是 10. all over the world全世界 11. laugh at sb.嘲笑某人三. 重点句子 Unit 4 1. I am mad at Marcia. She said she was mad at Marcia. 2. I am having a party for Lana. She said she was having a party for Lana. 3. I go to the beach every Saturday. He said he went to the beach every Saturday. 4. I will call you tomorrow. He told me he would call me tomorrow / the next day. 5. I can speak three languages. She said she could speak three languages. Unit 5 1. I think Ill ride my bike. If you do, youll be late. 2. I think Im going to stay at home. If you do, youll be sorry.四. 重点语法 1. 间接引语 直接引语和间接引语：直接引用别人的话表达意思，称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，称为间接引语。 直接引语和间接引语中动词形式的变化形式如下：直接引语间接引语I am mad at Marcia.I am having a party for Lana.I go to the beach every Saturday.I will call you tomorrow.I can speak three languages.She said she was mad at Marcia.She said she was having a party for Lana.He said he went to the beach every Saturday.He told me he would call me tomorrow.She said she could speak three languages. （1）直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时 （2）直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1. am / is2. are3. have / has4. will5. can6. may间接引语1. was2. were3. had4. would5. could6. might 在间接引语中除了注意时态，人称和时间状语的变化外，陈述句的句型，语序没有变化，只是要在陈述句前加连词that，它常常被省略，不在句子中担任成分。 eg. She said to me, “I like English very much.” - She said ( that ) she liked English very much. 当引用的句子是一般疑问句，转述为间接引语时，要把一般疑问句句型转换为陈述句句型，同时在句子前面加上if或whether。 eg. My friend asked me, “Do you like English?” - My friend asked me if / whether I liked English. 当引用的句子是祈使句时，那么间接引语要改用动词不定式表示。 句型：肯定句：tell / ask .sb. to do sth. 否定句：tell / ask .sb. not to do sth. eg. The teacher said, “Dont be late again.” - The teacher told the students not to be late again. 把特殊疑问句转述为间接引语时，要特别注意语序的变化。它的语序转换为陈述句语序，要以疑问词开头（并注意此时不能用that）。 eg. Mary asked me, “Who is she?” - Mary asked me who she was. 2. 由if引导的条件状语从句 if用做连词时，可以表示“如果；假如”，用来引导一个条件状语从句。 eg. I will go if he asks me. If you eat bad food, you may be ill. 在主句和条件状语从句中的动词都表示将来的动作时，主句中常用一般将来时，但从句中常用一般现在时。 eg. We will come to see you if we have time. You wont be able to pass the exam if you dont work hard.五. 知识点讲解 1. Im mad at Marcia.我生玛茜娅的气。 “mad”在此意为“生气的，愤怒的”，be mad at.意思是“生的气”，“对发怒”，相当于be