广州初三unit-1-great-exploration-讲解+语法+练习.doc

Unit1 Great explorations.学习目标1. Unit 1重点单词、短语2. 结果状语从句的用法.重点、难点分析 1. Learn to ask for repetitionrepeat v. 重复 (something that happens again, especially something bad)repetition n. Sorry, could you repeat that? Mike patiently repeated that he had to work that day. The best way to learn English is through repetition. 2. This was nearly a century before Christopher Columbus first set sail on his journey of discovery to America. discover v. -发现; 找到- discovery n. The body was discovered in a field. His friends were shocked to discover how ill he was. make a discovery 发现 (C)the discovery of oil in Alaska 在阿拉斯加发现石油 (U)nearly adv. 几乎，差不多辨析：nearly 与 almostnearly 与almost 在大多数情况下可换用。但almost 所表达的程度比nearly 更接近一些。He is almost/nearly as tall as her. 他差不多与她一样高。nearly可以和not 连用，但不能与其他否定词连用. almost 可与no, none,never,nothing,nobody等连用。That film is not nearly as interesting as this one.Her parents almost never go to the zoo.3. His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.develop v. 发展; 研发; 增强; (使)成长/发展 -development n. developing 发展中的 developed 发达的The students developed their reading skills further during this term.They have developed an interest in international affairs.China is a _ country while America is a _ country. a course on the development of the Greek thought 关于希腊思想发展的课程foreign adj. 外国的 - _ n. 外国人 Can you speak any foreign languages?I thought she sounded foreign. 我觉得她说话像外国人。Many foreigners came to Shenzhen during the Universiade in 2011. foreign trade 对外贸易 4. He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. rise v. 变得更加成功(或重要, 强大); 升高; 上升; 过去式 _ - 过去分词 _ He rose to become chairman of the company. 他升为公司的董事长。Smoke rose from the chimney. 烟从烟囱中升起。Our teachers told us that he sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (n.) The workers were offered a 3% pay rise. (提升; 增加)a sudden rise in sea level 5. Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.trade v./n. 贸易; 以物易物; 互相交换 - _ n. 商人; 买卖人Trade in ivory has been banned since 1990. 象牙交易从1990开始就禁止了。A lot of pubs (小酒馆) nowadays do most of their trade during lunchtimes. To the surprise of many Wall Street traders, the dollar rose yesterday. 使很多华尔街经纪人吃惊的是昨天美元上涨了。besides prep. 除了之外, 还 (区分)besides/except/except for Besides 除之外（还） 有附加的含义 Except 除之外 含有拍它的含义 Except for 除之外,只是 表示对主要部分的肯定和对部分的否定 He gets up very early every day except Sunday. 他每天早起，除了星期天。 The competition was good except for a few spelling mistakes.这篇作文写的很 好，除了几处拼写错误。 He had other people to take care of besides me. 除我之外，他还要照顾别人。6. People still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts between different peoples around the world.1. people n. 名族; 人; (1) 人; 人们 (plural) How many people were there at the meeting?I dont care what people think. (2) 名族; 人民; 种族He said that he would never lie to the American people. 他说他永远不会对美国人民撒谎。the peoples of Europe 欧洲各国7. To look for more wealth.wealth n. 财富 (a large amount of money) - _ adj. 富有的 rich the _ = people who have a lot of money, possessions Lots of explorers were sent by the emperor to look for wealth. He was born in a wealthy family. (类似单词) health; luck; noise; 天气的名词+y 形容词 拓展 look 的其他相关短语Look around 四周环顾 look at 看着 look back 回头看，回顾Look down on 轻视 look after 照顾,照料 look forward to 盼望,期待Look like 看上去像 look out 小心,留神 look through浏览Look up查询，抬头看Ex.1一根据句子意思，用所给的单词的适当形式填空。1. If you cant hear somebody clearly, you can ask for _(repeat).2. America is the strongest _(America) country.3. Columbuss _ (discover) of America opened up the New World to Europe.4. The Chinese government is always trying to _(development) the relation between China and other countries.5. Athletes from _(African) usually win in the running race.6. Health is more important than _ (wealthy).7. The government _ (office) should server the people heart and soul.8. The rapid _(develop) of China surprised the world.9. He traveled lot. It seemed that _ (everywhere) was too far him to visit.10. We try to maintain good _(relate) with our customer.二根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词。1. 我是如此喜欢这本书，所以我想再读一遍。 I like this book _ _ _ I want to read it again.2. 张老师让我们初次领略了大自然的神秘。 Mr. Zhang _ _ _ _ _ at the mystery of nature.3. 在狱中，高晓松下定决心以后再也不能酒驾了。 While he was _ _, Gao Xiaosong decided to not to drive after drinking again.4. 夏令营让我对英语越来越感兴趣。 The summer camp _ _ more and more _ in English.5. 在那时，中国在很多方面比欧洲更发达。 At that time, China was _ _ than Europe in many way结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat语such.that可以互换。例如：在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “.so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（几乎不，从来不） see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema（去看电影） with you.语法知识总结1. 结果状语从句(1) so + adj./adv. + that (2) such a/an + adj. + n. + that (3) such a/an + adj. + n. = so + adj. + a/an + n. 注意: so many/few + 可数名词复数 +that so much/little + 不可数名词 +that 2. too (for sb.) to do 3. adj./adv. + enough (for sb.) to do enough + n. to do Ex.2单项选择1. I want to know _ she is going to see a film. A. if B. that C. what D. which2. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard. A. if B. though C. that D. since3. Ill go to see the film with you _I have time this evening. A. Whether B. So C. If D. when4. _ you study harder, youll never pass the final exam. A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except5. Although it was raining, _ still worked in the fields. A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they6，_ there were only five soldiers left at the front, _ they went on fighting. A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though; /7， _ she is very old, _ she can still work eight hours a day. A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet8，. Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class may hear. A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and9，. Lift it up _I may see it. A. though B. so that C. as D. than10. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. so B. so that C. if D. unless 单元测试一单项选择1. Marco Polo _ in the city of Venice, in present-day Italy. A.grew upB.grow upC.has grown upD.had grown up2. Marco Polo _ on a journey to Asia with his father and uncle. A.set upB.open upC.set offD.set in3. His travels took him _ Asia, _ the Silk Road and _ China. A.along; over; throughB.across; along; throughout C.over; along; acrossD.across; through; along4. He loved Hangzhou _ much _ he described it as “the finest city in the world”. A.so; thatB.enough; toC.too; toD.such; that5. A man wrote Marco Polos story down in a book _ The Travels of Marco Polo. A.callB.calledC.nameD.naming6. The stories _many Europeans _ the life and culture of the people in Asia.A. gave;theirfirstlookatB. gave; their first look on C.received;theirfirstlookat D.receivedtheirfirstlookon7. His book made Europeans _ in the East. A.more and more interestingB.more and more interested C.less and less interestingD.less and less interested8. Marco Polos book also influenced many other explorers, _ Christopher Columbus. A.includeB.includedC.includingD.includes9. Polo _ many amazing things that were unknown to Europe, such as paper money. A.told ofB.told toC.told fromD.told in10. I did not tell half of _. A.what did I seeB.what I seeC.what do I seeD.what I was2 语法选择Last summer holidays, my classmates and I helped with a charity show（慈善会）. Its aim was to raise money for those children 26 couldnt go to school in poor areas. We did a lot for that.I felt happy when I 27 to be the host. Though it was exciting I was very nervous because of the TV cameras. I knew that lots of people 28 to watch the show, also there would be a large audience in front of the TV.As some famous stars would come to the show, one of my duties was to introduce each of them. I also had some other things to do. So I often worked 29 morning to night. It was hard work, 30 I was happy.I practiced a lot before the show. I had to remember all the words and do everything right at the same time. At first, I thought I would never be able to do it well. I kept 31 myself not to be nervous. Slowly everything became easier.The big day came very 32 . Hundreds of people came to the show. They donated (捐赠) money and materials. And the local businessmen also gave 33 a lot of support. 34 generous they are!After the show, we sent the donations to those poor 35 . Soon they wrote back. They were really grateful to us. I was very proud that I could help them. I hope more and more people will help them. 11. A. that B. whom C. who D. whose12. A. choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosen13. A. come B. will come C. coming D. would come14. A. from B. in C. at D. on15. A. or B. but C. and D. so16. A. tell B. telling C. told D. to tell17. A. fast B. fastly C. fastest D.faster18. A. we B. us C. our D. ourselves19. A. How B. What C. How a D. What a20. A. child B.childs C. childrens D. Children三完形填空。 April 27th is a special day in Britain. Its called Take Our Daughters to Work Day. It was 21 to Britain in 1994 from America. On that day thousands of girls take a day 22 school and go with one of their parentsto their work places. By doing this, it can 23 girls more about the society where they live. Now the girls can have a close look at 24 their parents are doing. This may help them to be calmer whenthey have to choose a 25 . Mary experienced a day of work at her mothers office. This helped her 26 hermothers work better. She said that this made her feel more confident about her future. Schools and many companies 27 the activity, too. Some schools 28 make the day a necessary part of school life. Experts think that girls with more self-confidence are more likely to be 29 than common girls. 30 parents can set good examples both at work and at home for them, they will do better than others. Take Our Daughters to Work Day is surely a step in the right direction.( )21. A. sentB.given C. brought( )22. A. awayB. atC. off( )23. A. talkB. keep C. teach( )24. A. whichB. what C. that( )25. A. placeB. school C. job( )26. A. thankB. understandC. praise( )27. A. holdB. refuseC. choose( )28. A. justB. neverC. ever( )29. A. successful B. politeC. friendly( )30. A. Because B. IfC. While四阅读理解AHow Kangaroo Became an Animals Name Early in the 18th century, Captain Cook, a famous explorer (探险家) of Australia, unexpectedly caught sight of an unusual animal during his first visit to Australia. The animal had a large mouth-like head and jumped along on its large legs. To his great surprise, the unusual animal carried its young in a special pocket of flesh. Captain Cook pointed to the animal which was eating grass in the distance and asked his native guide what the animal was referred to. The guide seemed not to know what he was pointing at and finally said Kangaroo, which Cook carefully wrote down as the animals name in his word book. The Europeans who later got to Australia were anxious to see the unusual animal Kangaroo, but their requests were met with puzzled looks of the native people. Before long they got to discover that the native guide who made the answer to Cooks question really meant, I dont know what you are pointing at. Funny enough, the name Kangaroo stuck and it is still in use today.31. Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea? A. Captain Cooks guide had a sense of humor. B. Native Australians could speak English in Cooks time. C. Some words have rather funny origins (起源, 由来). D. Captain Cook was a lover of wild animals.32. The main use for the animals flesh pocket is to _.A. keep food B. carry its babies C. jump a long distance D. store food and water33. When the native guide said Kangaroo, he really meant _.A. Ah, it is a special kind of animal. B. I wonder what you have said. C. I have no idea of what you are pointing at. D. What do you mean by pointing at that animal?34. The writer indirectly expresses that early in the 18th century _.A. the native Australians and the European explorers were not friendly to each other B. a common language was needed by the Europeans to communicate with the native in Australia C. a great many Europeans showed great interest in Australia D. a war against the European invaders (侵略者) was to break out35. This passage hints (暗示) _.A. we should learn many different languages B. Captain Cook made a mistake in understandingC. Captain Cook was a foolish explorer D. the importance of a language in common B Zhang Qian was an early traveler. He was probably the first man to bring back good information about thecentral Asian lands to China. In 138 BC, Han Wudi sent Zhang Qian to the Yue-chi people to ask for their help against the Xiongnu. Unfortunately, on the way to West Regions, he was caught by the Xiongnu people. Zhang had to stay with themfor about 10 years before he got away. When Zhang at last reached the Yue-chi in Northern India, he was disappointed to find that they didnt want to fight against the Xiongnu people. On his return journey (旅程), Zhang Qian and his men were again caught. It was not until 125 BC that theyreturned to China. Although Zhang didnt finish his job he learned a lot about the places, people, customs and cultures of the 36 kingdoms (王国) of Western Regions. Han Wudi then sent Zhang to the west again. Zhangs journey to the west helped with international trade, especially in silk, between China and the West.36. Zhang Qian was sent to the West because _. A. Han Wudi wanted to make friends with the Xiongnu people B. he liked travelling all over the world too much C. Han Wudi needed the help from the Yue-chi people D. he hoped to learn the cultures of other countries37. What do the underlined words West Regions mean in Chinese? A. 西欧 B. 西域 C. 西亚 D. 西方38. When did Zhang Qiang reach the Yue-chi? A. In 138 BC. B. In about 148 BC. C. In about 128 BC. D. In 125 BC.39. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Zhang finished his job successfully in the end. B. Zhang did not return at last because he was caught. C. Zhang returned to China in about 125 AD. D. Zhang learned a lot about the West Regions.40. How many times has Zhang Qian been to the west? A. Only once. B. Twice. C. Three times. D. Four times.C When I was in primary school,sometimes I would meet a girl of the same age as me.Lisa was never active,but she was always very sweet and nice.In the 5th grade she came to my class. She was absent a lot,and one day I had the courage to ask why.She told me she was sick,and she explained she wore a wig (假发) because her medicine made her lose her hair.We left it at that.Anytime Lisa came to class-seldom-I would hang with her on the playground. I received much ridicule (嘲弄) from my friends for this because they thought I was ignoring them for Lisa.My family education taught me to be nice,and I felt Lisas needs were much more important than others I knew. It had been months since Lisa was in our class,and one day our teacher was crying.She explained Lisa died the day before and would no longer be our classmate.She told us Lisa had fought a battle (斗争) with cancer for years. I was shocked.Lisa never spoke of her illness as if it could kill her.Well,all these y