必修五-Module-1--British-and-American-English.doc

望子成龙学校高二英语秋季班必修五Module1 第一讲 No pains, no gains. 一分辛劳一分收获。Module 1 British and American English单元目标：1. 重点词汇及短语（听写过关）； 2. 重点知识点积累（抽背过关）； 3. 重点语法（题型检测）； 4. 阅读理解（词汇、句型过关）。重点词汇及短语：have in common 与有相同之处 make a difference 起作用, 使有不同 get around 到处走动 be similar to sb/sth 与有相似 after all 毕竟 have difficulty in dong sth 做有困难 lead to 导致；通向 on the air 在广播 at the moment 目前 get used to 习惯于 so far 到目前为止 pick up 无意中学会了一门语言 wear off 减弱；磨损；消耗 in favour of 支持 refer toas 将作为提到 thanks to 由于 carry out 实施难词解析：linguistics, reference, preference, preposition, edition, combination, standard, accent, motorway, remark, announcement, pavement, petrol, torch, truck, obvious, distinctive, slight, steadily, rapidly, criticize, queue, compare, omit, flick, switch, add, simplify, adopt, adapt, exchange, represent, remove, exist 1、 基础知识过关检测：1. 请根据汉语提示填空, 注意形式： Hello, welcome to todays edition of Talking. As you know, every edition of this programme we discuss the way we _ (生活)in the past, and todays topic is the newspapers and Internet. They are something that affect us all. The question is, whats going to _ (发生)to the way we get news in the future? Are we going to use Internet, and forget the newspapers? Or newspapers will continue to _(存在). Later on, we will _ (讨论) about this topic with our guests and _ (询问) the opinions of the audience. But first, lets welcome the host to _(给) the opening speech of tonight. And then lets _(思考) about this topic together. 2. 选词填空, 注意形式： adopt, belong, obvious, switch, variety, vocabulary1) Her Chinese is good: she has a _ of about two thousand words.2) When you learn English you have to choose which accent to _: American or British.3) From her accent, its _ that shes from Shanghai.4) There are many _ of English in the world.5) Some people learn two or three languages when they are children: they can _ from one to another with no difficulty.6) That dictionary _ to me. I lost it yesterday.have in common, differ from, make much of a difference, fill up with, make the remark, lead to, queue up, compare with, divided by, pass into1) Some envrionmentalists believe that the greenhouse effect could _ unexpected results in the next century.2) Twelve _ four equals three, and three times four is twelve.3) Many foreign words have _ the Japanese language.4) Some people complain that they have to _ for long to draw money from the bank, which makes them bored.5) As soon as he _ he could have bitten off his tongue off. (后悔说错话)6) Whether it rains or not _ to crops in Spring, which is an important stage for their growth.7) Its hard to please all because peoples tastes _ each other.8) Before taking a long journey, I will go to the gas station to _ the car _ gasoline.9) If you _ wood _ plastics of the same size, you may find the latter is lighter.10) What they _ is that they both prefer vegetables to meat.2、 重点知识点复习：1. As we all know, Edison _ the electric light and Columbus _ America. A invented, invented B invented, discovered C discovered, discovered D discovered, invented2. I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that.(2009 山东) A other B another C the other D others3. The CDs are on sale! Buy one and you get _ completely free. (2009全国) A other B others C one D ones4. We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place.(2011天津,1) A it B this C that D one5. Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.(2009杭州) A more than twice B as twice as many C twice as many as D more than twice as many6. _ this is only a small town, its crowded with tourists who come here all year round.(2008春上海) A Since B Unless C Once D Although7. I am sorry youve been waiting for so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back.(2008北京) A before B since C till D after8. Well have picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very cold.(2008天津) A since B if C unless D until9. Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.(2012陕西,18) A although B as C while D however10. Unsatisfied _ with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.(2009重庆) A though was he B though he was C he was though D was he though 11. _, he knows a lot about history. A A child as he is B Child as he is C He is a child D He is child12. So far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5-10 percent. (2008福建) A saw B see C had seen D have seen13. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time!(2008湖南) A was talking B has been talking C has talked D talked14. Jack and David are brothers. Oh, I _ why they looked so alike.(2009东城) A was wondering B wonder C have wondered D will wonder15. Are you still smoking? No, by next Monday, I _ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.(2009乐山) A will be B will have gone C will have been D has been going16. With tickets prices rising, TV _ over as the typical way of watching a game for the young and old.(2009北京海淀) A has taken B had taken C was taken D is taken17. Rather than _on a crowded bus, he always preferred _ a bicycle.A ride, ride B ride, to ride C riding, ride D to ride, riding18. She said she always preferred _at home _about.A staying, rather travel B stay, travel C to stay, than to stay D staying, to traveling19. You cant imagine what difficulty we had _home in the snowstorm. A walked B walk C to walk D walking20. Why are you so anxious? It isnt your problem_. A on purpose B in all C on time D after all3、 重点语法：难度挑战题型(一)：1. Dont worrry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life. (2012湖南卷)A. will be repaidB. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaid2. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _.We must act immediately before theres left.(2012重庆卷) A. have run out B. are running out C. have been run out D. are being run out3. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _.(2012四川卷) A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt4. Have you heard about that fire in the market? Yes, fortunately no one _.(2012北京) A hurt B was hurt C has hurt D had been hurt5. The letters for the boss_ on his desk but he didnt read them until three later.(2012天津卷) A were put B. was put C. put D. has put6. He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses _to Peter. A. is belonged to B. Belonged C. belongs D. is belonging 7. He_by his teacher. A. happened to see B. was happened to see C. happened to be seen D. was happened to be seen 8. Great changes _ in our province. Many tall buildings _. A have been taken place, have been set up B. have taken place, have been set up C. have been taken place, have been set up D. were taken place, were set up 9. Ann is in hospital. -Oh, really? I _know. I _ go and visit her. A didnt, am going to B dont, would C dont , will D didnt, will10. This is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family. A see B had seen C saw D have seen11. This machine _. It hasnt worked for years. A didnt work B wasnt working C doesnt work D isnt working12. Your job_open for your return. -Thanks. A will be kept B will keep C had kept D had been kept13. (2010 重庆,31) 1. -Why do you want to work for our company? -This is the job that I for. A. Looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been looking14. (2010 新课标,21) 2. Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? N0, I my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. had done D. do15. (2010 新课标,28) 3. When you are home, give a call to let me know you safely. A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive16. (2010 新课标,32) 4. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune . A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made17. (2010 四川,16) 5. 一When shall we restart our business? 一Not until we our plan A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished18. (2010 四川,18) 6. Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected19. (2010 安徽,28) 24. 一Were you surprised by the ending of the film? 一No. I the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 20. (2010 安徽, 34) 25. 一Weve spent too much money recently. 一Well, it isnt surprisingOur friends and relatives around all the time. A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming1. 被动语态： 结构分解2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有：It is said that 据说,It is reported that据报道,It is believed that大家相信,It is hoped that大家希望,It is well known that众所周知,It is thought that大家认为,It is suggested that据建议。例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）5. 谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1） break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash This kind of cloth washes well.2） happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out How do the newspapers come out? 3）feel, sound, taste, book, feel Your reason sounds reasonable.4） need,want,require, hearThe house needs repairing（to be repaired）.5）worth；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。The picture-book is well worth reading.（The picture-book is very worthy to be read.）6）动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.试比较：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? 7）在某些“形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。This problem is difficult to work out .8）在be to do结构中：rent,blame,letWho is to blame for starting the fire?9） “under +名词”结构,表示“某事在进行中”The building is under construction（is being constructed）.难度题型挑战（二）：1. If you really have to leave during the meeting, youd better leave _ the back door. A for B by C across D out2. When do we need to pay the balance? _ September 30. A In B By C During D Within3. Try on this skirt. You will look great _ it. A on B by C in D for4. How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! Its a challenge, I guess, _ man against nature. A of B for C by D about阅读理解训练：Poverty, disease and conflict have historically threatened food security. Now, rising food prices and issues like climate change add to these threats.A new study warns of future losses in world food production because of crop damage from changes in the weather. William Cline wrote the study from the Center for Global Development in Washington. He says countries closest to the equator will be hardest hit. For example, he predicts that if nothing is done, global warming could cut Indias food production by up to forty percent by the year 2080, Africa and Latin America could lose twenty percent or more.Governments concerned about global warming and dependence on oil are investing in biofuels from corn and other plants. But Lester Brown at the Earth Policy Institute in Washington says demand for fuel crops is pushing up food prices. He says the worlds eight hundred sixty million automobile owners are now in direct competition with the two billion poorest people.This comes as grain supplies are at their lowest level in years. Experts see a number of reasons. These include no enough investment in agricultural technology, a loss of farmland to development, droughts and floods made worse by climate change and growing competition for water.Population growth also means a greater demand on food supplies. The United Nations predicts a population of more than eight billion by the year 2030.1. Now _ are becoming threats to food security. A. Poverty and disease B. Disease and conflict C. Conflict and climate change D. Climate change and rising food prices2. _ will suffer from the changes in the weather most. A. Countries closest to the equator B. Africa C. Latin America D. Asian countries3. The passage is developed by _. A. Comparing B. Contrast C. Analyzing D. Definition4. According to Lester Brown, _ is also a threat to food security. A. Global warming B. The competition between the automobile owners and the two billion poorest people C. Demand for fuel crops D. Not enough investment in agricultural technology5. Which of the following doesnt belong to the reasons why grain supplies are at lowest level? A. Farmland is for other use. B. Not enough investment. C. Enough water is becoming hard to get. D. The need of grain is becoming greater.KEY: DACCD 完形填空： Engagement, wedding, and birth of a baby are the three steps of a new family. The Danes special ways of doing these things inform their native culture. People in other places of the world usually give their lovers a finger ring or a bundle of flowers as a gift of engagement. 16 in some areas of Denmark, it is still considered 17 for a young man to 18 his fiance with the wooden clappers once used to 19 clothes 20 in a stream. These clappers were engraved with love-poems, and 21 tradition, they ensured good fortune and happiness.And their country weddings also show a tint of local convention. Until recently, a Danish country wedding was an event which 22 all who lived in the surrounding 23 . Everyone was invited to celebrate with the young couple. Preparations for the wedding lasted for many days but were made 24 , because to show happiness openly 25 arouse the anger and jealousy of evil spirits. 26 the wedding morning the couple met in the courtyard of the brides house. The relatives and friend presented themselves to the couple, bowed and placed gifts at their feet. Every gift was 27 by good wishes recited in prose or in verse; 28 modest the gift the more elaborate the wishes had to be. 29 who had neither the means to give 30 the imagination to make a speech were, as a token of their goodwill, placed 31 guard over the presents and, in the evening, over the couples bed. 32 the conclusion of the ceremony a large jar of beer was taken to the courtyard. The hands of the betrothed were joined over the jar and it was 33 into fragments. These pieces were picked 34 by the girls of marriageable age who were present, the girl with the largest 35 being destined to marry first.16. A. However B. But C. Therefore D. So17. A. a luck B. luck C. lucky D. lucks18. A. sent B. present C. bring D. give19. A. strike B. beat C. hit D. blow20. A. to wash B. washed C. to be washed D. washing21. A. according to B. with a view to C. so far as D. in addition to22. A. stated B. related C. concerned D. considered23. A. area B. district C. zone D. region24. A. publicly B. silently C. unknowingly D. secretly25. A. would B. should C. must D. may26. A. At B. In C. On D. To27. A. completed B. accompanied C. accomplished D. accommodated28. A. much more B. the more C. any more D. more29. A. These B. Those C. People D. They30. A. or B. and C. nor D. then31. A. in B. on C. at D. against32. A. At B. In C. To D. For33. A. smashed B. crushed C. crashed D. cracked34. A. Out B. up C. on D. at35. A. part B. fragment C. section D. portionwill, could扩展：1. (2008 四川,10) Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A. must B. may C. shall D. should2. (2009 天津,15) This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might3. (2009 上海, 27) It _ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. May B. Can C. Must D. Should4. (2009 宁夏, 8) What