2010中考冲刺五重点句型50句学习的啊.doc

雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换，笔者将从这三方面根据学生课堂笔记进行分类整理。以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial3.approximately 将近-nearly, portion/ percentage 比例5.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement n. 涉及，卷入，参与6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于考虑到，尽管6.induce v 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive n 归纳 generate 生产，制造/ degrade -grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下41. 分类：category-categorize/ class-classify 42. consequence后果-影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁44. substitution= substitute sth for sb /replace45.alternative= 选择性，代替性，辅助性46.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝， 排外，孤立-be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘，隔热（体）47缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =n/creative/revolutionary 易错拼写：environment/ convenient49neutral 中立的，中性的 /negative 否定，消极，阴性的 /positive 肯定，积极，阳性的50ambiguous-ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/municate 沟通，传达，通报52.accommodate 1供.食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使停靠53.commitment 1 to sth 奉献 2 责任,义务54contribute to 导致 result in /account for (占据)导致54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)55.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on英语作文常用谚语、俗语1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。 2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。 3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。 4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。 7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。 9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。 11、A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。 12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。 13、A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。 14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。 15、A mothers love never changes. 母爱永恒。 16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。 17、A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。 18、A years plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。 19、A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 20、Better late than never. 不怕慢，单怕站。 21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实，22、Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。 23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 自信是走向成功的第一步。 24、Custom is a second nature. 习惯是后天养成的。 25、Custom makes all things easy. 有个好习惯，事事皆不难。 26、Doing is better than saying. 与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。 27、Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。 28、Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事，今日毕。 29、Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。 30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好。 31、Easier said than done. 说得容易，做得难。32、Easy come, easy go. 来也匆匆，去也匆匆。 33、Eat to live, but not live to eat. 人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。 34、Every man has his faults. 金无足赤，人无完人。 35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune. 自己的命运自己掌握。 36、Every minute counts. 分秒必争。37、Each coin has two sides. 38、Fact speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 39、Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 40、God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。41、Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富。 42、Honesty is the best policy. 做人诚信为本。 43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。 44、It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 45、Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量46、Like mother, like daughter. 有其母必有其女。 47、No pain， no gain.（不劳无获。）48、You never know till you have tried. 不尝试，不知晓。49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起，使人健康、富裕和聪颖。52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。54、Where theres a will, theres a way. 有志者事竟成。55、Practice makes perfect （熟能生巧。）56、Pride goes before a fall（骄傲必败。）Superstar and IIts common that many students are crazy about those singers and actors. However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart. He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianistChopin. When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around. Whats more, I can feel his strong love for music. Rome wasnt built in one day. He achieved the great success through huge effort. I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.Superstar and IHer name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder. She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart. Although shes not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me. The song I dreamed a dream that she sang touched everyones heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it. She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up. She is like a sunshine that gives me hope. Where there is a will, there is a way.中考冲刺五 重点句型50句撰稿：赵吉存 审稿：白雪雁 责编：牛新阁目标认知：中考重点句型即中考经常考查的句型，在中考试卷中单项选择和句型转换以及完成句子中经常考到这些重点的句型，同学们在中考冲刺阶段需要确认是否已经掌握了这些重点的句型结构和它们的典型用法，特别是一些重点句子的不同表达方式。掌握了这些重点句型对于同学们解答阅读理解、听力和书面表达等都会有很大的帮助。精讲巧练一、常考重点句型：1. be afraid of doing / to do /that从句2. be busy doing sth./ with sth.3. be famous / late /ready / sorry +for sth.4. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth. 5. ask / tell /want sb. (not) to do sth.6. give/ buy/ lend/ sb. sth.7. tell/ ask sb. how to do sth.8. Its time +for sb. to do sth.9. Its 形容词for/of sb. to do sth.10. would rather do.11. had better do sth.12. Its better/ best to do sth.13. enjoy/ finish/ practice/ mind/feel like doing sth.14. stop to do (doing) sth.15. keep/ stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.16. prefer 宾语to 宾语17. used to do sth.18. be/get/become used to doing sth.19. 含有too . to do sth.结构的句型20. 含有so.that的句型21. It takes/took sb. to do sth.22spend 名词on sth./ doing sth.23. see/ hear/ watch sb. do/doing sth.24. Whats wrong / the matter with sb./ sth.?25. Thanks for + doing sth.26. What/ How about doing sth.?27. Lets do.28. The 形容词/副词的比较级主语谓语，the 形容词/副词的比较级主语谓语29. 表示比较的三个句型30. sth. /sb. be (am, is, are) three meters long (wide, high, tall.) 某物/某人有三米长/宽/高31. Its two years / has been two years +since 从句32. both.and.连接主语的句型33. neither .nor. 连接主语的句型34. There is something /nothing wrong with sth 某物出毛病了（没毛病）35. Why not do .?/ Why dont you do .? 为什么不.？36. Will / Would /Could you please do sth? 请你做某事好吗？37. Would you like (sb.) to do sth.? 与Would you mind doing sth.?38. 含有as soon as的句型39. 含有not.until的句型40. 含有for+ some time的句型41. be supposed/ willing to do.应该做某事42. 主语find it 形容词 动词不定式43. It seems that +从句44. I think/ believe/ feel/ agree that.及I agree/ disagree with you.45. I dont think +宾语从句46. What do you mean by/ What does .mean? 是什么意思?47What do you think of/How do you like ? 你认为怎么样?48. What + be + 主语 + like? .什么样?49Its said/ reported that 据说/据报道50. one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数 .其中之一 二、中考经常考到的重点句型详解：1. be afraid of doing / that 从句这个句型表示“某人害怕做某事”，be动词随着句子的主语人称和数的变化而变化。(1) be afraid of的后面用名词或动名词形式作宾语，表示“某人害怕做某事”。也可以用be afraidto do sth. 例如：My little sister is afraid of dogs.我的小妹妹害怕狗。He doesnt want to speak English, because he is afraid of making mistakes.他不想说英语，因为害怕出错。(2) be afraid +that从句，一般用来要说出对方不想听到的内容的客气的说法。多译成“恐怕”。例如：I am afraid that I cant help you. 我恐怕不能帮助你。随时练：Many girls are afraid of _ out at night.A. to go B. go C. going D. goes【答案与解析】答案是C。在动词短语be afraid of的后面可以用名词、代词或者动名词形式作宾语，所以选C。2. be busy doing sth./ with sth.这个句型表示“某人忙于做某事”，be busy的后面接动词时用动名词，接名词或者代词时用be busy with。例如：Our teacher is busy correcting our homework. 我们的老师正忙于批改我们的作业。=Our teacher is busy with our homework.随时练： Where is your mother? She is busy _ dinner for us at home.A. to cook B. cooks C. cook D. cooking【答案与解析】答案是D。在动词短语be busy 的后面用动名词形式作宾语表示“忙于做某事”的意思，所以选D。3. 主语be famous / late /ready / sorry for 宾语这个句型的意思是“因为某人或者某事而出名/ 迟到/ 做好准备/ 道歉”，其中介词for表示原因。例如：The old man is famous for his handwriting. 这个老年人因为他的书法而出名。We are sorry for not taking part in your birthday party. 没能参加你的生日聚会我们感到抱歉。随时练：Are you _ for the class? Yes. Lets begin.A. ready B. sorry C. happy D. tired【答案与解析】答案是A。be ready for表示“准备好做某事”的意思，所以选A。选项B虽然可以和for连用，但是意思不合题意；选项C一般和介词with连用，表示“对某事满意”；选项D和of连用表示“厌烦某事”。4. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth使役动词make/ let/ have的后面用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,意思是“使/ 让某人做某事”，而此句型谓语动词变成被动语态时要把省略的to加上。例如：My father often makes me do my homework for an hour at home. 我的爸爸每天迫使我在家做一个小时的家庭作业。He was made to work more than ten hours a day. 每天他被迫工作十多个小时。随时练：Our teacher lets us _ English every morning.A. to read B. read C. reading D. reads【答案与解析】答案是B。在动词let的后面用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，所以选B。5. ask / tell /want sb. (not) to do sth.动词ask、tell、want的后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语，意思是“要求/ 告诉/ 想要某人做某事”。例如：My teacher often tells us to do our homework at home. 我们的老师经常告诉我们在家做我们的家庭作业。随时练：What did your father say just now? He asked me _ him clean his car.A. help B. to help C. helping D. helps【答案与解析】答案是B。在动词ask的后面用动词不定式作宾语补足语表示“要求某人做某事”的意思，所以选B。6. give/ buy/ lend sb. sth.give/ buy/ lend等动词后可以跟双宾语，谓语动词的变化和句子的主语保持一致，意思是“给某人某物/ 给某人买某物/ 借给某人某物”，表示某物的宾语是直接宾语，表示某人的宾语是间接宾语。如果直接宾语在前面，间接宾语在后面要用介词to/for。有类似用法的动词有很多，常见的能与to连用的有：give lend bring hand pass read return sell show teach tell throw常见的能与for连用的有：buy choose cook find get make order prepare 例如：My mother bought me a new sweater. My mother bought a new sweater for me. 昨天晚上我妈妈给我买了一件新毛衣。随时练：Kelly cooked dinner _ her parents while they were cleaning the yard.A. to B. for C. with D. at【答案与解析】答案是B。cook的后面用双宾语，当表示物的宾语在前面，表示人的宾语在后面时要用介词for。cook dinner for sb. “为某人做饭”，所以选B。7. tell/ ask + (sb.) +how to do sth.动词tell/ask/ know/ show等动词的后面用“疑问词+动词不定式”构成的短语作宾语，相当于疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：Can you tell me where to buy this kind of flowers? Can you tell me where I can buy this kind of flower？你能告诉我在哪里买这种花吗？随时练：Why did your brother come here? He came here to ask _ computer games.A. how to play B. when can he play C. for play D. how playing【答案与解析】答案是A。在动词ask的后面用疑问词how和动词不定式构成的短语作宾语表示“如何玩电脑游戏”的意思，所以选A。8. Its time (for somebody) to do sth.这个句型意思是“到了做某事的时间、该做某事了”，如果用名词表示事件，也可写成“Its time for sth.”。其中it指时间。例如：Its time for you to take some medicine. 到了你吃药的时间了。Its time for bed. 到了上床睡觉的时间了。随时练：It was time for them_ basketball when we got there.A. play B. to play C. for play D. played【答案与解析】答案是B。 表示“到做某事的时间了”，动词要用不定式，所以选B。9. Its 形容词for/ of somebody to do sth.这个句型it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，意思是“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”。例如：Its difficult for your brother to take the heavy box to his room. 对你小弟弟来说把那个重箱子搬到他的房间里是困难的。如果句型中的形容词表示for/ of后面某人的性质和特点，一般用of；而形容词表示做某事的性质和特点，不能用来修饰的某人，就要用for。Its too careless for you to make so many mistakes. 你出了这么多的错误真是太粗心了。（此句中可以说You are careless .，即careless可以修饰you。）随时练：Its interesting _ in the park.A. for us playing soccer B. for us to have a picnic C. of us have a rest D. of us play soccer【答案与解析】答案是B。本题是考查不定式作句子的主语时用it代替作形式主语的用法。此处for us to have a picnic在句子中作主语，因为谓语部分是系动词加形容词，用it代替；interesting说明不定式的特征，用for引出某人，所以选B。10. would rather do .这个句型是表示“宁愿”的意思，表示选择，后接不带to的不定式。例如：Id rather not say anything. 我宁愿不说任何事情。Would you rather work on a farm? 你愿意你农场工作吗？由于would rather表示选择，后可接than，再接相比之下不愿意做的事。如：I would rather work on a farm than in a factory. 我宁愿在农场工作而不愿意在工厂工作。随时练：I would rather _ a dozen cherry trees than that you should tell me one lie.A. to lose B. lose C. losing D. lost【答案与解析】答案是B。在would rather的后面用动词原形，所以选B。句意：我宁愿失去一打的樱桃树，也不愿意你说一次谎话。11. had better (not) do sth.这个句型要注意had better的后面用动词原形，had better可略写为d better，意思是“最好做某事”，否定形式在had better 后加not。例如：We had better go there on foot. 我们最好步行去那里。随时练：You had better _ it in English, because its an English exam.A. write B. to write C. writing D. writes【答案与解析】答案是A。在动词短语had better的后面用动词原形，表示某人最好做某事的意思，所以选A。12. Its better/ best to do sth.这个句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，意思是“最好做某事”。表示相比较而言，做某事更好或最好。例如：Its best to plant trees in the spring. 春天是植树的最好季节。随时练：Its best _ soccer on the playground.A. to play B. play C. playing D. to play the【答案与解析】答案是A。本题是考查it在句子中作主语，后面的动词不定式是句子的主语。所以选A。13. feel like/ enjoy/ finish/ practice/ mind doing sth.在动词enjoy(喜欢)、finish (完成)、practice (练习)、mind (介意)和短语feel like (想要)的后面必须用动名词作宾语。例如：Do you mind my smoking here? 我在这里吸烟你在意吗？随时练：Some boys are practicing _ English with the foreigner there.A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. spoke【答案与解析】答案是C。本题是考查动词practice的后面用动名词形式作宾语的用法，意思是“练习做某事”。所以选择C。14. stopto do (doing) sth.动词stop的后面可以接动名词，也可以接动词不定式，区别如下：形式作用意义stop doing sth.作宾语停止正在做的事情stop to do sth. 作目的状语停下来（手头的事）开始做某事例如：Its time for class. You should stop talking. 现在上课了，你们应该停止谈话。随时练：We have worked for three hours. Lets stop _.A. to have a rest B. having a rest C. have a rest D. resting【答案与解析】答案是A。本题考查动词stop的后面接动名词还是用动词不定式的用法辨析，从句意“我们已经工作了三个小时，咱们停下来休息一下”可知，要用动词不定式表示停止工作开始休息的意思，所以选A。15. keep/ stop/ prevent sb. fromdoing sth.动词keep/ stop/ prevent和介词from连用，表示某人阻止某人做某事，from后面如果接动词要用动名词形式。例如：The trees can keep the water from running away. 树木能够阻止水流失。随时练：The branches of the trees kept the boy from _ off to the deep river.A. to drop B. drop C. dropping D. dropped【答案与解析】答案是C。本题是考查动词keep somebody from doing sth.的用法，表示“阻止某人做某事”的意思，所以选C。句意：树枝接住了那个男孩，使他没有落入深深的河水中。16. prefer 宾语Ato 宾语B这个句型表示与B事相比更喜欢做A事，其中两个宾语的形式一般是一致的，如果用动词，都要用动名词形式。例如：My father prefers apples to bananas. 我爸爸喜欢苹果胜过香蕉。He is a man who prefers doing to talking. 他是个喜欢做而不喜欢说的人。随时练：We prefer _ to _. What about you?A. swimming；skating B. to swim; skating C. skate; swim D. swim; skate【答案与解析】答案是A。本题是考查动词短语prefer to的用法，to的前后都用动名词形式表示“喜欢做某事胜过做另一件事”，所以选择A。17. used to do sth.这个句型在used to的后面要用动词原形，其中to是不定式符号，表示“过去常常做某事”，现在已经不做了。例如：My father used to be a math teacher. 我的爸爸过去曾经是一名数学老师。18. be/get/become used to doing sth.这个句型在be/get/become used to的后面用动名词形式做宾语，表示“习惯于做某事”，其中to是介词，可以用于各种时态。例如：My little brother has been used to get up early to go to school. 我小弟弟已经习惯早起上学了。随时练：1. Are you used to _ in the village school? No, I cant get well on with the children there.A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied2. My brother used to _ late for school, but now he isnt.A. is B. be C. are D. was【答案与解析】1. 答案是B。be used to的后面用动名词形式作宾语，表示某人习惯于做某事的意思，所以选B。2. 答案是B。used to的后面用动词原形表示某人过去常常做某事的意思，所以选B。19. 含有too . to do sth.结构的句型这是一个简单句的句型，表示“太.以至于/而不能做某事”。其中too可以修饰形容词和副词，意思是“太”，后面的to do sth. 是结果状语。例如：Your brother is too young to go to school. 你弟弟太小还不能去上学。20. 含有so.that的句型这是一个复合句的句型，意思是“太.以至于不能做某事的意思，与含有 too . to do sth. 是同义句。例如：I got up so late that I couldnt catch the first bus. 我起床如此晚以至于我没能赶上第一班公共汽车。此句也可以改为：I got up too late to catch the first bus. 我起床太晚了，赶不上第一班公共汽车了。随时练：1. Your brother is _ young _ he cant go to school.A. too. to B. very. to C. so. that D. too. that2. You are _ young to go to college.A. so B. to C. very D. too【答案与解析】1. 答案是C。本题是考查用so that引导的表示结果的状语从句的用法，表示某人太.以至于不能 做某事，因为后面是结果状语从句，所以选C。2. 答案是D。本题是考查短语too形容词to的用法，表示某人太.以至于不能做某事，所以选 D。21. It take sb. some time/money to do sth.这个句型表示“做某事花费某人的时间或金钱”，it是形式主语，