高三英语时态总复习.ppt

时态概念时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生的时间的各种形式 英语有16种动词时态形式 但常见的有9种 见下表 动词的分类 I 一般现在时1 现在习惯性或经常性的动作 存在的状态Classbeginsateighteverymorning Helookstired 常用的时间状语有 often sometimes usually always seldom everyday inthemorning onSunday etc 2 客观事实或普遍真理Threeplussevenisten 3 在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中主句用一般将来时 从句则用一般现在时表将来 Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow 4 表已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态一般用be come go arrive leave startetc Myplanetakesoffat9 00a m 5 有几个由here there开头的句子用一般现在时表现在正在进行的动作 Theregoesthebell Let shurry Herecomestheteacher II 一般过去时1 构成 由动词的过去式表示 规则如下 注 不规则动词的过去式各不相同 必须逐一熟记 行为动词在一般过去时态的句子里没有人称 数的变化 而be动词有变化 其过去式was用于第一 三人称单数 were用于其他各种人称 2 用法1 过去时间里发生的的动作或存在的状态常与表过去的时间状语连用 如afewminutesago yesterday lastSunday etc以及由when引导的时间状语从句 如HetraveledinEuropelastyear HewasinBeijingsomeyearsago WhenIwasatcollege Iwrotehomeonceaweek Hewenttotown boughtsomebooksandvisitedhisdaughter 2 表过去经常或反复发生的动作可与时间状语often连用 usedto do 或would do 总是 常常 也可表示过去经常 反复发生的动作 如 WhenIwasaboy Ioftenwenttoplayinthatpark Heusedtosmoke butnowhedoesn t WhenMr Johnsonwasyoung hewouldworkonthefarm 3 现在或将来非真实的动作或状态 属虚拟的语气范畴It stimewewent Ifhearrivedtomorrow Ishouldmeethimattheairport III 一般将来时表将来要发生的动作或状态 常与表将来到时间状语tomorrow nextyear inafewyears etc连用 更多地用于带有条件从句的主句中Whenshallwemeettomorrow I llaskherassoonasshecomes Yourdresswillbereadysoon 现在预测现在某事可能要发生了It seleveno clock Marywillbeinbedbynow 现在的习惯Alionwillneverattackanelephant 现在的需要ShallIhelpyou 对将来的事情现在作出决定 Whichshirtdoyouwant I lltaketheblueone please 一般将来时的几种形式is am aregoingtodoMr Greenisgoingtobuyanewcar 2 is am aredoing 现在进行时 表按计划即将发生的动作 多与表移动的动词come go arrive leave fly start等连用 HeisleavingforLondon 3 betodo指安排好的事 Areyoutomeetattheentrancetothepark 你们约定在公园入口碰头吗 4 beabouttodo指即将发生的事 Iwasabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang 5 一般现在时表已安排好或计划好的将来动作或状态 IV 一般过去将来时1 构成 would should do 第一人称I we用should或would 其余人称都用would 2 用法表过去某一段时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态 常用在宾语从句中 如 Johnsonsaidthattherewouldbeaconcertthatevening Theywonderedwhenwewould shouldfinishourcomposition 一般过去将来时也可用was weregoingto do was wereto do was wereaboutto do was were doing 多与移动动词come go leave等连用 来表示 如 Ididn tknowwhentheywereleavingforShanghai V 现在进行时 记住现在分词的变化规则 1 构成 is am are doing am用于第一人称单数 is用于第三人称单数 are用于其他各种人称 2 用法1 表此时此刻正在进行的动作Heiswritingaletternow 2 表目前这段时间内正在进行的动作SheisvisitingBeijingthisweek 3 现在进行时常与副词always constantly等连用 表反复出现或习惯动作 含有说话者的赞扬 不满 遗憾等感情色彩 4 在时间或条件从句中 表示将来的动作Whenyouarecyclingalongthestreet don tforgetthetrafficlight VI 过去进行时1 构成 was were doing was用于第一 三人称单数 were用于其他各人称 2 用法过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作 Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimelastnight Theywerelisteningtotheteacherattentivelywhenthebellrang WhileIwasreading mysisterwasplaying 故事发生的背景Thewindwasblowinganditwasraininghard 过去说话前不久的动作Iwastellinghimhismotherwasill VII 过去将来时1 过去间接引用某人过去的话和想法Hewarnedusthatthejourneywouldbedangerous 2 过去习惯性动作Atdusk theseoldladieswouldsitinrockingchairsandtalk 3 现在非真实的动作或状态IfIwereyou IwouldstudyFrench 4 客气的请求Wouldyoumindhelpingme 5 愿望Iwouldlike tohave acupoftea VIII 现在完成时1 构成 have has pp has用于第三人称单数 have用于其他各人称 2 用法1 表从过去某一段时间开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态 常用延续性动词 常与表时间长度的时间状语连用 如 fortenminutes since2001 etc 也可带有表示到目前为止的时间状语 如 sofar uptonow untilnow etc Ihavesatforhoursinthereadingroom readinganovel Theweatherhasbeencoldsofarthiswinter HehaslivedinBeijingsincelastsummer 2 在时间或条件从句中 表示在将来某个时间前先要做完的动作I llreturnthebooktoyouassoonasIhavefinishedit 3 现在时间前完成的动作留下的结果或影响Hehasturnedoffthelight IhavebeentoBeijingtwice 4 现在时间前已做的动作Heisreadingthebookthathehasboughtrecently IX 过去完成时1 构成 had pp 在时间上是 过去的过去 因此句中一般都有一个明确的状语或状语从句来表示时间 2 用法1 过去某一时间或某一事件前完成的动作或状态Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearnedtwelveunits HehadbeeninthiscollegeforfiveyearsbeforeIcametostudy 2 过去某一时刻或某一事件前已发生但未完成的动作ByDecemberlastyear hehadworkedinBeijingforfiveyears 3 其他用法表示非真实的 想象的过去动作或状态 尤指过去未曾实现的希望 打算或意图 常与hope intend mean expect think want suppose等动词连用 IwishIhadtoldhimaboutit Ifthehadworkedharder shewouldhavesucceeded Theyhadmeanttoseemeoffattheairport buttheygottheretoolate 现在完成进行时1 构成 have hasbeen doing2 用法现在完成进行时主要表示动作开始于过去某时 一直持续到现在 当然中间动作有时并非无停顿 可能刚停止 也可能仍要继续下去 两者在大多数情况下可以换用 但口语中更倾向于用现在完成进行时 如 Hehaslivedherefor10years 也可以说成 Hehasbeenlivingherefor10years 下列最好用现在完成进行时 因为带有一定的感情色彩 Wherehaveyoubeen I vebeentelephoningyouthewholemorning He sbeentalkingtomesincethismorning 将来进行时1 构成 will shallbe doing2 用法1 表将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作Whenyougettothestationatninetomorrow yourunclewillbewaitingforyouthere 2 表按计划即将发生的动作Ihopeyouwillbecomingontime TheywillbehavingtheirholidayinJune 将来完成时1 构成 will shallhavedone2 用法1 表动作或状态延续到将来某一段时间Willhehavebeeninthearmyfor10yearsbynextJune Weshallhavewalkedalongwaybeforewereachthevillage 2 表动作或状态在将来某时间以前已经结束 但其影响去延续到那一时间 常用非延续性动词 Ishallhavefinishedmyhomeworkbyteno clock Whentheoldmancomesnextweek hissonwillhaveleftforShanghai 练习一 动词时态与语态 1 1 WhenIsawMary she onthepiano isplayingB playsC wasplayingD played2 She thedoorbeforeshegoesaway hadlockedB islockingC haslocked D waslocking 3 Ahunterisamanwho animals catchB catchesC willcatchD wascatching 4 What ifIdrinkthis happensB ishappeningC willhappenD ishappened5 IwillvisityouifFather me A letB letsC islettingD willlet 6 Lookout Thattree falldown A isgoingtoB willbeC shallD would7 Myuncle toseeme He llbeheresoon A comesB iscomingC hadcomeD came8 Theycan tleaveuntilthey theirwork A didB aredoingC havedoneD hasdone 9 Hasheseenthisfilm Yes He itseveraldaysago A sawB hasseenC hadseenD wasseeing10 NowMikeisn there He MrGreen s Perhapshe backinafewminutes A wentto iscomingB hasgoneto willcomeC hasbeento willbeD isgoingto hascome 11 Thatdayhe hisclothesbeforehecametoseeme A haswashedB washedC hadbeenwashingD waswashed12 Ihaven tfinishedmycomposition I fortwohoursandahalf A havewrittenitB havebeenwritingitC wroteitD amwritingit13 IwilltakemydaughterwithmewhenI ShangHai A gotoB willgotoC havebeentoD havegoneto 14 Thisbrightgirl thetruthinfrontoftheenemy A didn tsayB couldn tspeaktoC saidD didn ttell15 Thebridgewhich lastyearlooksreallybeautiful A wasbuiltB builtC wassetupD hadbeenbuilt 16 When schoolbegin NextMonday A hasB doesC didD isgoingto17 Iwill heretillyougivemesomemoney A leaveB notleaveC comeD return18 I heresinceImovedhere A willworkB workedC workD havebeenworking 19 EverytimeI there Iwillbuyhimsomethingnice A wentB willgoC goD havegone20 Itwassaidthathisfather A hasdiedB died C hasbeendeadD haddied 21 Wewon tgounlessyou soon A hadcomeB cameC willcomeD come22 sixyearssinceIbeganstudyingEnglish A TheyhavebeenB itisC ItwasD Thereare23 They theSummerPalacethreetimes A havegonetoB havebeentoC havebeeninD havegoneinto 24 Howlonghaven tweseeneachother Well it nearlytwoyearssincewe last A is havemetB was hadmetC is metD hasbeen hadmet25 Haveyouseentheartexhibition No there A itwasnotbeingheldB theydidn tholdC ithadnotheldD theywereholdingit 26 Don tgetoffthebusuntilit A stopB willstopC stoppedD hasstopped27 Where therecorder Ican tseeitanywhere I itrighthere Butnowit sgone A didyouput haveputB haveyouput putC hadyouput wasputtingD wereyouputting haveput28 Theyaskedmetohaveadrinkwiththem Isaidthatitwas10yearssinceI agooddrink A hadenjoyedB wasenjoyingC enjoyedD hadbeenenjoying 29 Don tcometonight Iwouldratheryou tomorrow A comeB cameC willcomeD coming30 you A Do marryB Have marriedC Have beenmarriedD Are married 31 Whenhe allthenewspapers he llgohome A sellsB hassoldC willhavesoldD willbesold32 Thiscloth welland long Ok I lltakeit A washes lastsB iswashed lastedC washes islastedD iswashing lasting33 Hurryup you onthephone Oh I mcoming Thankyou A arewantedB arebeingwantedC wantD arewanting 34 I seeyou butIdidn t forIhadnotime A hadwantedtoB haswantedtoC wantedD waswanted35 I inGuangZhouforsixyearsbythisOctober A havelivedB waslivingC willbelivingD shallhavelived 36 Bythistimenextyearhe fromthecollege A willbegraduatingB shouldbegraduatingC willhavegraduatedD isgraduating37 Ourteachertoldusthattheearth fromwesttoeast A turnsB turnC hasturnedD hadturned38 Mybrother whilehe hisbicycleandhurthimself A fell wasridingB fell wereridingC hadfallen rodeD hadfallen wasriding 39 Billsaidhe twenty onethenextyear A wasgoingtobeB wasabouttobeC couldbeD wastobe40 Itishightimeyou inbednow A areB wereC willbeD wouldbe 41 Afterawhileanagreement A wasarrivedatB wasarrivedinC wasarrivedD hasbeenarrived42 TheairlinerfromBeijing at3 00p m A isabouttoarriveB hasarrivedC arrivesD isgoingtoarrive43 thatstepisnotsafe A LookaroundB LookupC LookoutD Lookdown 44 Haveyou himtogiveupsmoking No I buthewouldn tlisten persuaded triedB tried persuadedC tried triedD persuaded persuaded45 Theresearchlaboratoryisgoingto thenewtypeofcomputertouse A takeB makeC putD send 46 Idon tknowwhenhe butwhenhe I llletyouknow A willcome comesB comes willcomeC comes comesD willcome willcome47 Howmuchdoyouthinkthatvase A iscostB usedC waspaidforD cost48 I thathewouldbeabletoleavetomorrow butit sbeginningtolookdiffcult A hopeB hadhopedC hopedD amhoping 49 Comeon Peter Iwanttoshowyousomething Oh howniceofyou I you tobringmeagift A neverthink aregoingB neverthought weregoingC didn tthink aregoingD hadn tthought weregoing