中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与例析36035.doc

中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与解析【重点讲解】形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。大多数形容词有比较等级的变化，可分为原级、比较级和最高级三种基本形式，用来表示事物的等级差别。副词在句子中主要修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词按词汇意义可分为方式副词、程度副词、地点副词、时间副词和频度副词等。分别用于表示状态、程度、场所、时间。副词也有比较等级的变化，其规则形式与形容词的相同。掌握形容词和副词的基本用法要注意以下几点：1、有些形容词加-ly可构成副词。但由名词加-ly结尾的是形容词，如 friendly，lovely， likely，lively等。2、形容词、副词的比较级等级的变化。1）规则变化： 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er/ estsmallsmallersmallest; clevercleverercleverest 辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变成i加-er / est:easyeasiereasiest; heavyheavierheaviest 词尾以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母，然后加-er/ est:bigbiggerbiggest; hothotterhottest 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加上more/ most:slowlymore slowlymost slowly;interestingmore interestingmost interesting2）不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good(好的)/ well(健康的)betterbestbad (坏的)/ ill(有病的)worseworstold (老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/ many(多)moremostlittle(少) lessleastfar (远)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest3、表示比较的几种句型：句型1：“比较级 + than ”，例如： You are taller than I. They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.句型2：“as + 原级 + as”，否定句中可用so as例如：Tom is as tall as his father.He cannot run so/as fast as you.句型3：“最高级 + in/of”，例如：The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.Peter is the tallest player of the three.4、可修饰比较级的词有much, even, far, still, rather, by far, a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal等。例如：The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大得多。He did his work far better than I. 他的工作做得比我好得多。【中考链接】一，用所给词的正确形式填空。1, I am a little _ ( tall ) than you.2, It is much _ ( safe ) to stay at home than to go out at night.3, This question is _ ( difficult ) than that one. 4, Fan Bingbing is _ ( famous ) than Yangmi.5, Jacky Chan is _ ( popular ) than Wang Baoqiang.6, The yellow bag is the _ ( expensive ) of the two bags.7, My pocket money is much _ ( much ) than yours.8, He felt bad yesterday. But now he feels a lot _ ( good ).9, Maomin is not so _ ( busy ) as Shanghai.10, I have got money as _ ( much) as you.形容词（adj.）和副词 (adv.)一，作用和位置（1）“形容词” 常用来修饰_ ，放在名词的_ 或者be / 系动词（例如：become / get / turn / feel 等）的_ 。例如： 漂亮的女孩 beautiful girl （beautiful 是形容词,放在名词 girl 的前面） The bag is big. ( big 是形容词，放在be 动词后面)（2）“副词” 修饰 _ , 常放在动词的_, 被修饰的形容词和副词的_。例如： 大声说 speak loudly （speak 是动词，loudly就是副词。） 非常好 very good （good“好的” 是形容词，very是副词， 修饰good，放在它的前面）二，副词的变化规则规则的变化：副词(adv.) = 形容词 + ly 例如： carefully = careful + lyslow（adj. 缓慢的） slowly （adv. 缓慢地，慢慢地）quick (adj. 迅速的，快的) quickly（adv. 快，迅速） safe safely 注意：(1)辅音字母加y 结尾的，要把y 变成 i ， 再加 ly例如：happy（adj. 高兴的） happily （adv. 高兴地） (2) 有些词既可作形容词也可作副词。如：fast, early, late，hard，high 等。 (3) good 的副词是 well ！（切记） 1，把下面形容词变成副词。heavy _ slow _ fast _careful _ light _ careless _busy _ sad _ loud _natural _ successful _ late _good _ lucky _ early _二，选词填空。1，He is a _ student, and he always does _ at school. ( good / well )2. My father usually finishes his jobs _. He is a _ man. ( successful / successfully)3. I am so _ today. I won the match _. ( lucky / luckily)4. Shanghai is a _ city. Everyone works _. (busy / busily )5. She sings really _. ( good / well )6. Dont drive too _ ( fast ). Its dangerous.7. Tim goes to school _ every day. But its too _ today. ( early) 8. I am never _ for school. But today I got to school too _. ( late )9. Listen to teachers _ in class. You should be _.( careful / carefully)10, Tony is a _ boy. He lost his bag _ this morning. ( careless / carelessly)三，用括号里所给词的正确行使填空。1. Lily left _ ( angry ) yesterday.2. They are playing basketball _. They are so _ today. ( happy)3. Please write it down _ ( quick ).4. I saw a grandma walk _ ( slow) in the park yesterday.5. Sally didnt pass the exam _ ( successful), so she is crying _ ( sad ). 6. I cant hear you _ ( clear ). Can you say it _ ( loud)?7. My grandma is very nice. She always smiles at us _ ( nice).8. My mother _ ( usual) goes shopping with me.9. Everything is getting _ ( good ) . 10. I hurt my knee _ ( bad ) yesterday. 11. I am working _ ( hard ) to get the best score.12. We are playing _ ( good ) as a team now.13. Children can learn languages more _ (easy) than adults.一，变化规则：包括规则的变化和不规则的变化（1）规则的变化构成方法原级比较级一般都在词前面加 morecarefully，carelessly, easily，loudly, clearly在词尾加 erearly，late，fast，high，hard原级比较级littlefar（2）不规则的变化原级比较级well Badlymany/much1, Sorry, I cant hear you. Please speak _ ( loudly).2. Tony listens to teachers _ ( careful ) than Kevin.3. Dick does his home work _ ( careless ) than you.4. We are training _ ( hard) because we want to win.5. Tom goes to school _ ( late) than Tony.6. I usually get up _ ( early ) than my sister.7. Sam did _ ( well) this year than last year.8. Li Lei draws _(badly) than Jim.9, Today Tom came to school _ ( early)10, Please run _ ( quickly ). Or well be late.比较级固定句式（1）比较级 + and + 比较级 = 越来越 / 更 、 更 香港正变得更大更繁荣。 Hong Kong is getting bigger and busier. 现在Simon 学习越来越认真了。Now Simon is studying _ _ _ _.（2）the + 比较级， the + 比较级 = 越， 越Eg：开车越小心就越安全。 The more carefully you drive, the safer it is. 越喝多可乐就越胖。 The more cola you drink, the fatter you become. 练习越多就越容易。_ _ you practise, _ _ it is.1. The teacher looked at her students_ when they were saved. We also felt_ for them. A. happily, happy B. happy, happily C. happy, happy D. happily, happily 2. This dish tastes_. Thank you. It _ by Mr. Smith. A. good; was cooked B. well; cooks C. bad; is cooked D. terrible; cooked 3_ good news it is! The panda are found alive after the earthquake. Its so_.A. What a, excited B. What, excitingC. How a, excited D. How, exciting 4. Traveling by plane is _ than traveling by train. Yes, but it is not so _ as traveling by train. A. quickly; cheaper B. more quick; cheaply C. quick; more cheap D. quicker; cheap 5. Shall we go to the Hi-tech Fair at 9:00 tomorrow morning? Why not meet a little_? How about 8:30? A . more B. less C. later D. earlier 6. I think real cards are_ than e-cards. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 7. How much money did you pay for the drink? None. It was_. A. easy B. free C. cheap D. expensive 8. Lets go to the new restaurant on the 24th Street for dinner tonight? We can cook it at home. Its_. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive 9. Everyone likes Kevin because he talks to others_. A. friendly B. lovely C. politely D. luckily 10. Daniel is a careful driver but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully 11. The sun _ rises in the east. A. never B. sometimes C. always D. often12. I always listen to the teacher_ in class. Its very clever of you to do that. A. free B. freely C. careful D. carefully 13. They could do the work better with _ money and _people. A. little, fewer B. fewer, less C. less, fewer D. less, few14. Monday is my_ day. A. the busiest B. busy C. busie