初二英语被动语态.doc

高中状元教育 我们最懂三大考 初二英语专题：被动语态 被动语态的构成：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词Football is enjoyed by people all over the world.从主动语态到被动语态的时态形式变化： 现在：do/does am/is/are done 过去：did was/were done 将来：shall/will do shall/will be done 现在完成时：have/has done have/has been done 过去完成时：had done had been done 现在进行时：am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时：was/were doing was/were being done 将来进行时：will be doing will be being done口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。【考题分析】 I need one more stamp before my collection_. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。【Ex1.】1、 This English song _ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung2、New computers _ all over the world. A is used B. are using C. are used D. have used3、Why _ to talk about it yesterday? A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held4、His new book_ next month.A.will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published5、Have you moved into the new house? Not yet. The rooms _. A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting被动语态的用法1. 普通动词主动语态变被动语态如：She wrote this story. This story was written by her.(be+过去分词)2. 动词短语变被动语态注意:动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,整个词组当作一个单个动词处理,不能丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词.如：take care of, look after, take off, look at , listen to, laugh at等。 We should speak to old man politely. Old man should be spoken to politely.3. 含情态动词的被动语态 can may must should +be +过去分词I can find him. He can be found by me.4. 带双宾语的动词变为被动语态He gave the child a radio set as a birthday present. The child was given a radio set as a birthday present by Mr. King. (间宾作主语) A radio set was given to the child as a birthday present by Mr. King. (直宾作主语)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。5. 含复合宾语（宾语+宾补）的动词变为被动语态We always keep the classroom clean. The classroom is always kept clean. They asked me to help them. I was asked to help them. Note：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后要加上to，如：We often hear her sing.She is often heard to sing. 但see hear sb. doing sth.变被动不加to，如：We saw them playing football. They were seen playing football. 6. 使役动词let, have, make,主动省to ,被动加toHe makes the girl stay at home.The girl is made to stay at home.口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。 7. 主动形式被动意义的被动语态(1) 连用动词用主动表被动：尤其是表示“起来”的系动词，如sound, taste, smell, feel, look, seem等，如：误：Silk is felt soft and smooth. 正：Silk feels soft and smooth. (2) 某些不及动词用主动表被动：用作不及物动词的open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook等，如：The book sells well. The window wont open. (3) 几个表示“需要”的动词：在表示“(某物)需要”的need, want, require等后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。如：The house wants painting(= to be painted). The floor requires washing(= to be washed). (4) 关于be worth doing sth.：在be worth后的动名词用主动表示被动。如：His suggestion is worth considering. This clock is hardly worth repairing. 8. 不用被动语态的几种情况不及物动词如rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie, disappear, last等没有被动语态，如：After the fire, nothing remained. 误：After the fire, nothing was remained. 部分不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to等，如： Great changes have taken place here since 1990. 误：Great changes have been taken place here since 1990. 有些及物动词也没有被动语态，如cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, have, wish, hold, own, lack, fit, resemble, jump, mind等。如：She entered the room just now. 误：The room was entered by her just now. 有些及物的短语动词也没有被动语态，如agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, walk into, belong to等。如：I dont agree with him. 误：He isnt agreed with by me. 在tooto及enough to 结构中有时表示被动意义。如：The problem is too difficult to solve.【考题分析】 Do you like the material? Yes, it_ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知feel是不及物动词，表“（某物）摸起来”意思,是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进行时。根据此题对话情景，是指某种材料的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过去时，故答案为C。feel作“感觉”、“认为”、“摸”等意时是及物动词，可带宾语，有时态，语态等变化。【Ex2.】1、A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _ while we were on holiday.A. was taken care B. took care of C. is taken care of D. was taken care of 2、 What should we do first if we want to develop our village ? A lot of new roads _ , I think. A. must be built B. have to build C. must build D. have built3、This kind of car _in Japan. A makes B. made C. is making D. is made4、Our room must_ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep5、The boy were seen _ around the policeman, listening to him carefully. A. sit B. sat C. to sit D. sitting【Ex3.】能力提高1、Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need2、The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left3、A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building4、 Id like to buy that coat. Im sorry. _.A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold5、Your exercise-book should be _ after class. A. hand B. hand in C. handed D. handed in6、Oh, the milk _ strange, do you think its OK to drink? A. was tasted B. tasted C. is tasting D. tastes7、 My shoes are worn out. _ A.Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?8、Many flowers _ Miss Gao on Teachers Day.A. given B. were given C. were given to D. have given9、 I_ to a party, but Ive got nothing to wear. Why dont you have a dress made for the party?A. was asked B. will ask C. have asked D. have been asked 10、 It is said that another new car factory_ now. Yeah. It _ one and a half years.A. is building； takes B. is being built； will takeC. is built； will take D. is being built； takes【Ex4.】中考链接1.-Excuse me, whats this for?-Its a cleaner and it _ to pick up dirt.(2010 广东省)A. uses B. is used C. is using D. used2.The letter _ in French.