八年级英语上册Unitnbsp;8知识点及练习题（新版新目标）.doc

八年级英语上册Unitnbsp;8知识点及练习题（新版新目标） Unit 8一、名词的数1、名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词（Countable Noun） 和不可数名词（Uncountable Noun），可数名词又有单数和复数两种形式。练一练 ：把下面的名词变成它的复数形式season_form_plan_bus_watch_tomato_hobby_city_toy_monkey_wife_leaf_man_woman_sheep_mouse_foot_(一)名词复数构成规律： 情况 构成方法 例词一般情况 +scake grape month couple 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh等结尾的词 +eswatch box bus boss辅音字母+y结尾的词 改y为i，+esbeauty county baby lady factory 以f和fe结尾的词 变f(fe)为vesleaf wife wolf knife life thief以o结尾的词1、有生命体的+es,2、无生命体的+sNegro hero potato tomato mango黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆、番茄和芒果。radio zoo piano photo 元音字母+y，加s，ru：toy boy way day（二）一些不规则变化特例：manmen woman-women tooth-teeth foot-feet mouse-mice child-children deer-deer sheep-sheepChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese policeman-policemen（与man和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women）EnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmen（三）某国人变复数，记住以下的顺口溜： 中日不变，英法改变，其他加s ChineseChinese JapaneseJapaneseEnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmenAmericanAmericans （例外：German-Germans）（German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans）（四）复合词的复数: 改中心词为复数 girl student girl studentspasser-bypassers-bygrow-up grow-ups注意：man和 woman 等作定语时，两个词都要变成复数形式 例如： woman teacher-women teachers man teacher -men teachers(五)表示复数的名词（复合名词） police（警察)/ family （家人）/people（人们）/the + 姓s注意:有些集体名词如family,team,class,police等表示一个整体时,谓语动词应用单数;表示各成员时,谓语动词应该用复数形式.练一练：My family _(be) a big one. All my family _be) in China now. （六）数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符.例如:ten-minute walk, an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk(七) 看似复数实际是单数的名词： news 消息/Politics 政治/Maths 数学 /Physics 物理 1. No news _ good news. (be) 2. I think maths _ very important.(八)既可作可数又可作不可数的名词：chicken 小鸡 / 鸡肉room 房间 / 空间；位置work 作品/ 工作 paper 论文; 报纸/ 纸 glass 玻璃杯 / 玻璃 time 次；倍 / 时间 fish 鱼 / 鱼肉 exercise 练习 / 运动；锻炼light 灯 / 光 fruit (各种)水果 / 水果2,常用不可数名词bread; meat; rice; food; water; tea; milk; coffee; juice; paper; Grass; news; advice; music; information; sugar; chocolate; jam;Hair; ice; rain; snow; sun; wind; work; help; love; hope; weather;(一)不可数名词”量”的表示方法. many a few 修饰可数名词a number of much 修饰不可数名词 a little some / a lot of、lots of 修饰可数不可数名词不可数名词不能与数词连用，若要表示相应的数量，则需要借助一定的单位词1、借助表示“张”、“块”的单位词 a piece of paper 一张纸 a piece of music a piece of informationa piece of advice 一条建议 a piece of news 一条新闻 a piece of chalk 一支粉笔2.借助表示容量的词a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 a cup of tea 一杯茶a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a glass of beer 一杯啤酒3.借助表示重量的词a kilo of salt 一公斤盐 ten tons of coal 十吨煤4.借助表示形状的词a drop of water 一滴水 a grain of sand 一粒沙表示复数时，单位词要用复数形式：a cup of tea two cups of teaa piece of paper three pieces of paper3，How many/ how much的使用一、单选题 1. Lucy and Lily_in the same class. A. am B. is C. are D. be 2. Which is the _to the bus stop, please? A road B way C street D address 3. Hurry up!There is_ time left. A little B a little C few D a few 4. How many _can you see in the picture? A tomatos B tomatoes C tomato D the tomato 5. - _is the meat. Please? - Ten yuan a kilo. A How much B How many C How old D How long 6 Shanghai is one of the biggest_in our country. A city B citys C citys D cities 7 Would you please pass me_? A two paper B two papers C two pieces of paper D two pieces of papers8 “What would you like, Ann? “Id like two_.” A glass of milk B glasses of milk C glass of milks D glasses of milks 9 There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me? A any, some B any, any C some, some D some, any 10. Is this your room？ No, Its_roomA. the children B. the childrens C . the childrens ? 11 These foreign friends are_. A German B Germen C Germany D Germans 12 All the students are busy, so_ of them will go to the cinema. A many B little C a few D few 13 There are three_and seven_in the picture. A deers, sheeps B deers, sheep C deer, sheep Ddeer, sheeps 二. Useful expressions. 根据中文填词1. Turn on the blender. 打开果汁机。2. Cut up the bananas. 切碎香蕉。3. Pour the milk into the blender. 把牛奶倒入果汁机里。4. Put the bananas into the blender. 将香蕉倒人果汁机。5. How do you make a banana smoothie? 你如何做香蕉思奶昔? 6. How much yogurt do we need? 需要多少酸奶？7. How many apples do we need? 需要多少苹果？8. Finally, mix it all up. 最后把它混合在一起。9. Then add the ingredients to the noodles. 然后将佐料放在面条里。10. First, put the butter on a slice of bread. 首先， 将黄油涂在一片面包上。11. Turn on the blender for about two minutes. 打开果汁机大约两分钟。12，Heres a recipe for a great turkey sandwich.这儿是一份制作超级火鸡三明治的食谱。练习：.单项填空1. I want to see Animal World. Please _ the TV. A. turn on B. turn up C. turn down D. turn off 2. Dont _ the milk into the cup. Its full (满了). A. peel B. pour C. leave D. drink3. The banana is too big. You can _ first. A. cut up them B. cut them up C. cut it up D. cut up it4. Tom, please add some salt _ the noodles. A. on B. in C. to D. at5. You should put _ and a cup of yogurt into the blender.A. two teaspoon of sugar B. a teaspoon of sugarC. two teaspoons of sugars D. a teaspoon of sugars6. How does he _ fruit salad?A. make B. take C. cook D. do7. _ yogurt do you need?Two cups.A. How many B. H ow much C. How often D. How long 8. Heres a recipe _ a turkey sandwich. A. with B. at C. for D. on9. Add some honey and _ the ingredients（配料）.A. cut up B. mix up C. turn on D. put on10. Turn on the blender _ about two minutes.A. in B. at C. for D. to11. Then cut up _ onion and _ tomato.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a 12. I had _ for breakfast yesterday.A. two bread B. two slices of bread C. two slice of bread D. some breads13. First, put some lettuce _ the bread.A. to B. at C. on D. up14. Would you like some more tea?_, please.A. No moreB. Just a littleC. Ive had enoughD. Yes, I would15. First, put the bananas in the blender. _ turn on the blender.A. Next B. Finally C. Last D. Third16.Remember to _the lights before you leave the lab. A. turn on B .turn down C.turn up D.turn off17.-What can I do for you,madam?-Id like two_.A.bottle of orange B.bottles of orange C.bottles of oranges18.Dont _the milk into the cup.Its full. A.peel B.pour C.leave D.drink19.Lets make fruit salad.-_ A.No, Im not B,Thank you C.Thats right D. Thats a good idea20.I have no time because I have _work to do and _books to read. A.many,many B,many much C,much,many D.much,much21.-Would you like_?-Yes,please. A.an apple milk shake B.a apple milk shake C.apple milk shake22. Here _ a photo of me and my two daughters. A. is B. are C. be D. being23.Its time _ supper. A. in B. on C. for D. to24.The hall is _ people. A. fill with B. full with C. filled of D. filled with25.First, buy some potatoes. Then, wash all the potatoes. _, put all the potatoes into the bowl. A. First B. Then C. Next D. Finally26.The housewife _ the egg _ flour (面粉) to make food. A. mixed, with B. mixed, to C. mixed, in D. mixed, up27._ a book in the library, enter (输入) a key word (关键词) into the computer. A. To find B. Find C. To write D. Write28._ there any traditional food? A. Are B. Is C. Be D. Being29.Id like you _ for a picnic with us. A. go B. to go C. going D. went30.Lets _ for a walk, shall we? A. to go B. going C. go D. gone31.-Why dont you go out to play, Rose? -Im afraid I cant. I have much homework _. A. do B. does C. doing D. to do32.More and more young people are trying to do something _ the old. A. served B. to serve C. serve D. serves33.Mr. Li asks the students _ in the river, because its too dangerous. A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swim34.The doctor did what he could _ the injured (受伤的) girl. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saves (拯救)35.Mom makes me eat an apple every day _ the doctor away. A. keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept36._ mix these things together. A. Dont B. No C. You arent D. Not37.Would you like to add _ to the salad? A. many more honey B. many honey C. more honey D. much honeys38.How _ butter do we need? A. some B. any C. the D. much39._ the books in the bookcase, Jerry. A. Put B. To put C. Putting D. Puts40.How _ cups of milk do you drink every day? A. much B. many C. a little D. some41.There _ two slices of turkey on the table and there _ some pepper on the slices. A. are, are B. are, is C. is, is D. is, are42.-_ people visited the 2010 Shanghai World Expo every day? -About 300,000. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often43.-Excuse me, _ do you know about wild animals? -Only a little. A. how much B. how many C. how far D. how long44.-How many _ do you need? -I think one kilo is enough. A. apples B. butter C. bread D. turkey45.For breakfast, I usually have _ and two pieces of bread. A. a cup of milk half B. half a cup of milk C. a half milk cup D. half a milk cup46.-Fathers Day is coming. What should I buy for my father? -Why not _? He likes sports. A. a scarf B. a key ring C. a pair of jeans D. a pair of running shoes47.-_ did you pay for (支付) the CD? -Only nine dollars. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often48.-_ hours do you watch TV every week? -Less than (少于) 2 hours. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often49、Please _the blender.Lets taste the banana milk shake. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down50、Pour hot water _the blender. A. of B.into C. on D. up51、Finally, put_slice_ bread _ the top. A.another; of; on B. another; of; in C. other; of; in D. another; on; in52.Would you like some tea?- Yes, _ A. few B. a few C. little D. a little53.There are _ and a cup of yogurt . A. two teaspoons of cinnamon B. a teaspoon of cinnamons C. two teaspoon of cinnamon D. a teaspoons of cinnamon54. Lots of_are coming here. A. women B. woman C. womans D. womens 55. Lets_a sandwich together. A. to do B. do C. to make D. make 56. My father needs _ now. A. six slices of apples B. five slices of onion C. four piece of onions D. five piece of breads 57. I also like some _ and _. A. tomato; chicken B. tomatoes; chicken C. tomatos; chickens D. tomatoes; chickens 58. What is your sister doing now? _ the onions. A. Cut up B. Peel C. Cutting on D. Peeling 59. - _? -Its twenty yuan. A. How many is it B. What is it C. How money is it D. How much is it 60. He wants to know_ lettuce I want. A. How many B. How much C. how many D. how much 61. Mike says he needs _. A. to eat anything B. to eat something C. eats something D. to eating something .完形填空Do you know how to make spaghetti with creamy mushroom sauce and cook rice with a machine? Now lets learn how to make them. How to make spaghetti with creamy mushroom sauce.Boil a pot of water and cook the spaghetti in it 36 20 minutes and 37 the onion. Heat (加热) a little oil in a pan and cook the onion and garlic for three minutes. 38 the mushrooms and cook for one minute. ?Add the wine, cream and vegetable soup. Cook them for 10 minutes. Beat (打) an e gg, and add a little water and pour it 39 into the pan, 40 for half a minute. ?Add the beans and tomatoes and stir (搅拌) for two minutes on a low heat, put the spaghetti on the plates and 41 the sauce over the top. How to cook rice with a machine. First, 42 the lid (盖子) and put water, salt, and rice in the pot. Then put the cover on the pot and close the lid. 43 , press (按) the button (按钮) for “white” or “brown”, and then press the “start” button. Cook the rice for about 30 minutes. You will 44 a beeping sound when its finished, but you should wait about five minutes before 45 . Finally, take out the pot. Bring it to the table and enjoy your meal. 36. A. duringB. inC. forD. on37. A. cut downB. cut offC. cut upD. cut to38. A. AddB. PutC. CutD. Take39. A. slowB. slowlyC. slowerD. more slowly40. A. mix toB. mix ofC. mix upD. mixed up41. A. putB. pourC. peelD. pot42. A. closeB. putC. openD. opened43. A. FirstB. At firstC. NextD. At the end44. A. listenB. seeC. hearD. watch45. A. to eatB. eatsC. ateD. eating.阅读理解 ADear Linda,Im really glad to receive your letter. You said you were learning to cook. Is it interesting? I think if you want to keep healthy, food is very important. Youll be in good health if you try different kinds of foods, especially vegetables and fruit. I eat them every day.You asked me how to make a milk shake. There are many different kinds of milk shakes, such as apple milk shake, banana milk shake and carrot milk shake. Carrot milk shake is my favorite, because carrots and milk are both good for health. Before starting, we need a carrot, a glass of milk, some ice and two teaspoons of honey. Of course, you need a blender.Now, lets start. First, wash the carrot and cut it up. Next, put the carrot, the milk, some ice and two teaspoons of honey into the blender. Then turn on the blender. Keep it working for only one minute. Finally, pour the carrot shake in a glass and drink it. Its delicious!I want to learn how to make Chinese food, for example, dumplings. Could you teach me?Write soon!Yours,Sally 1.This letter is about how to make _.A.fruit salad B.a milk shake C.a sandwich D.dumplings2._ kinds of milk shakes are mentioned in the letter.A.Five B.Four C.Three D.Two3.What kind of milk shake is Sallys favorite?A.Apple milk shake B.Banana milk shake C.Strawberry milk shake D.Carrot milk shake4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the letter?A.Milk and ice B.Sugar and yogurt C.Carrots and honey D.Vegetables and fruit5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the letter? A.Sally can cook Chinese food B.Linda is learning to cookC.Sally thinks carrots are good for health D.Sally eats fruit every dayB How Brave Are You? Join us for an evening of humor, history and horror in the streets of Old Glasgow. Daily, AprilOctoberWalking Tours of GlasgowHistoric Glasgow 2.00 PMGruesome Glasgow 7.00 PM Ghosts and Ghouls 9.00 PM All tours leave from George Square. Each tour lasts 90 minutes.Adults: 5.00Students: 4.00Children(Under 12): 3.00 For more informationTel/Fax: (0141) 772 0022E-mail: Web: Family (2 Adults 2 Children ): 13.00根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入提前括号内。 ( ) 1. If Jimmy wants to visit Old Glasgow, he should start from _. A. Historic Glasgow B. George Square C. Ghosts and Ghouls D. Gruesome Glasgow( ) 2. How long does the tour of Gruesome Glasgow last? A. Half an hour. B. Two hours. C. Only one hour. D. One hour and a half. ( ) 3. Mr Smith with his wife and two children, one 11 and the other 9, will have a tour of Historic Glasgow. How much will he pay at least? A.12. B.13. C.16. D.17.( ) 4. From the ad, visitors can NOT find the _ of Old Glasgow. A. address B. web address C. E-mil address D. phone number( ) 5. If student wants to have a tour of Ghosts and Ghouls, he _. A. will have to pay 5 B. can have the tour by bike C. can have the tour in May D. had better go there at 10.00 AM 参考答案 15 B D B A C C1 Xiao HongShe wants to know whats new all around the world.2 Ming MingA basketball fan. He is good at it. He doesnt wantto miss any basketball match.3 Ke AngHe wants to buy a thing .he can use it to listen to musicand take some photos.4 Deng QiA college student. He is going to study in America,so he needs to know more about the college life there.5 Zhang MingAn English learner. She finds that she always hasdifficulty in reading English passages.A News China has 1.3 billion people. At least 25 people were killed in Japan quake(地震). Iraq still a death zone.B PerspectiveWant a real robot companion you can talk with when you are lonely? Take care of you when you are ill and do all the homework? Not far away.C. Science Cellphone used as MP3, TV, radio and camera. Its possible.D Entertainment What is new about the singers, film stars and films? Come here.E Students studying abroad. Beijing Technology Institute students are the champions at the Beijing MTV-Samsung Anycall All Campus “New Air” Singing Contest.F ForumIf you have any ideas about the weeks topic, or you have some questions about your life, you can write to G Language LabHave some problems in reading or translating? Here is a good choice for you.H Sports FIFA, NBA, CBA Adrian Mutu, Sharapova, Liu Xiang答案：AHCEGDOnce upon a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant (仆人). He and the servant(仆人) loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left his home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that. One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, “Here are two bottles of poison (毒药) and some nice food in the house. You must take care of them.” With these words, he went out. But the servant knew that the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal. Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldnt find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant to