留基委听力考试09年1月部分原文.doc

留基委听力考试09年1月部分原文Section 2 Part 1M: I see you still got all your suitcases with you, too. We must have the same problem. W: Let me guess. Your rooms been given to someone else.M: Yeah.W: I dont get it. They sent me my room number a long time ago.M: Me, too. Well, at least theres room in other dorm, Bundy Hall.W: Thats where they put in me, too. But you realize that, unless we have a car, Bundy is at least 25 minutes walk from the center of campus. And dont count on taking the campus bus, it runs at really inconvenient times. M: Great way to start your college career, but I dont know, maybe there is a positive side of all this. Since we will be so far away from everything, we will be forced to use our time wisely. W: True. Ive heard lots of first year students get into trouble because they hang out everyday in the student center till it closes.M: Exactly. And not only that, we will get plenty of exercise from all that extra walking. W: Yeah. And that is not exactly easy walking, either. Around here, you just about need a pair of hiking boots to enjoy mountain climbing. M: But at least there are great vistas from some of the buildings, not to mention the possibility of some serious slide-riding when it snow. Section 2 Part 2W Librarian: Hi, how can I help you?M Student: Hi, Im looking for some material on reserve for Business 210.W Librarian: Okay. Well, whos the professor? You see, we keep files under the professors name because there are a couple of sections and the requirements are a little different.M Student: Oh, okay. Its, uh, Dr. Parsons.W Librarian: Um. Parsons? I dont see any books.M Student: I think its a DVD.W Librarian: Oh, yes. Here it is. Oh, wait, actually, there are two of them. But thats all right. Now all I need is your student ID.M Student: No problem.W Librarian: There you go. Now, these will be due back at the desk in two hours.M Student: Two hours? But that wont even give me time to go home and . . .W Librarian: Oh, you cant leave the library with reserve materials. You have to use them here. But we have some DVD players in the booths behind the reference section. I think there are several free now.M Student: But I have to take notes and, uh, uh, I dont think I can get everything done in two hours.W Librarian: Well, you cant take materials out again until someone else has used them because the professor only left one copy of each. Sorry. Look, maybe two hours will be enough.M Student: I dont think so. These are case studies, and were supposed to be able to discuss them. W Librarian: Oh, I see. Well, when do you have class?M Student: Tomorrow morning. I know I should have come in earlier, but this isnt my only class. I had an exam earlier today, and I was just waiting to get that out of the way.W Librarian: I see. Well, look, why dont you . . .M Student: Isnt there any way to get an exception to the policy?W Librarian: Im afraid not.M Student: Oh. Okay then, let me just check out one of the DVDs. That way, if I finish it, I can check out the other one for two hours, right?W Librarian: Sure. Thats perfectly fine. And, heres a thought. I dont know if it will work for you since you have a morning class, but if you check out reserve material less than two hours before the library closes, then you can have it overnight . . .M Student: Overnight? W Librarian: Yes, but you have to have it back when the library opens the next day and . . .M Student: But I could do that. Oh, Im sorry, you were going to say . . .W Librarian: Well, if you dont return the material to the reserve desk when the library opens, then theres a ten-dollar fine for the first hour and a five-dollar fine for every hour after that . . . that its late, I mean. The usual fine fee is one dollar for every hour but when its an overnight . . .M Student: Ouch.W Librarian: Its a stiff fine because we need students to take the privilege seriously. Otherwise, other students who need to use the reserve materials wouldnt have access to them.M Student: Oh, I understand.W Librarian: And another thing. Sometimes more than one person is trying to use the overnight privilege so . . . so sometimes when you wait until the end of the day . . .M Student: Oh. And there isnt any way to put your name on a list or anything?W Librarian: No, not really. Its first come, first served.M Student: Okay. Okay. Then, I think Ill go ahead and take the one DVD out now because I can still try to get the second one tonight overnight, cant I?W Librarian: Sure. I tell you what. Come back a little before nine.M Student: Okay. Will you be here? I mean, Id rather come back to you.W Librarian: Ill be here until the library closes.M Student: Well, then.W Librarian: Do you still want to take out one of the DVDs?M Student: Yeah. I might as well get one of them out of the way so Ill only have one left to watch.W Librarian: Wait a minute, your ID.M Student: Oh, Im sorry, I thought I showed it to you.W Librarian: You did, but I need to keep it here at the desk until you return the material.Section 3The Masai people in Africa have a completely different view about a persons status. They believe that a good status is determined by the number of cattle in their herd and the number of children they have. There is a logical reason why they think the number of cows they have determines their status. They believe that at the beginning of the world, God had three sons. He gave each of them a gift and expected them to use the gift wisely. To one son, he gave an arrow for hunting. To another son, he gave a hoe for cultivating the ground and to the third son he gave a stick for herding cattle. Hence, the Masai people believe that all cattle essentially belong to their tribe. Both men and women in the tribe consider long earlobes to be beautiful, so they wear heavy earrings to elongate them. They drape vivid colors of red and blue over their bodies, and often wear beaded collars and headbands. Also their arms, wrists and ankles are often adorned with tightly wound pieces of copper. They also have a form of tattooing. They mix cow fat and ocher(黄土, 赭土) which is a red mineral, and grind them into a fine powder and then paint many artistic designs on their body. As can be seen from their fashion they are very artistic people. This is also demonstrated in their recreation. In a circle, the women, dressed in their traditional clothes with beaded ornaments, and the warrior men, jump up and down and in and out rhythmically around campfires, into the night. But art is not all there is to the Masai people. Lets follow a Masais life from when he is a little child.Childhood is of course a time of freedom and laughter. Little Masai children wearing only a beaded waistband run around the village, freely playing. The village is called a kraal and consists of 8 to 15 huts. The community is very small and so the relationships are very close. Children can be openly disciplined and chastised (严惩, 惩罚) when needed, by any older member of the family, not just his or her own parents. They are taught to respect all the elders. As they grow older, the freedom turns into responsibility. Older girls are taught how to care for the house, and all their domestic duties, and boys are taught to care for and protect their very important livestock. Parents take care to teach all knowledge of traditional medicine, Masai rituals and all aspects of Masai life to their children.There are many ceremonies involved that the children must learn before passing on to adulthood. These rituals involve their sicknesses, bad fortunes, marriage and death. The children are taught that if they do not follow these rituals they will be cursed. A girl can be promised to a man in marriage when she is just an infant. The parents will arrange this marriage; the man has to have enough cattle to be able to pay the bride-price (dowry) the father demands. Often the man will be much older than the girl and will already have many wives. The new girl entering into his family will have the lowest position, and will do duties such as carrying water, bringing firewood and sweeping the floor. She will continue these duties until her husband has another wife, to take over those lowly deeds.A young boy growing into adulthood will associate with those growing up in the same generation as themselves. When they reach 15 years of age they must undergo a coming of age ceremony. There they will make headdresses out of eagle plumes(羽毛) and bird feathers; Then be circumcised and shave their heads. They are then counted as young warriors. They will still continue to live with those of the same age group, but continue association with older ones, who can still teach them many things. The Masai warriors are well known for the bravery and courage, thus they are never seen without their sharply horned spears(矛). The final step to their maturity is at about 30 years of age. They are now considered fully mature! They are permitted to marry and now concentrate on taking brides and increasing their cattle. (pause)Section 4Hydrogen(氢) is the most recent and, Id say, one of the most promising, in a long list of alternatives to petroleum. Some of the possibilities include batteries, methanol(甲醇), natural gas, and, well, you name it. But hydrogen fuel cells(氢燃料电池) have a couple of advantages over some of the other options. First of all, theyre really quiet, and they dont pollute the atmosphere. Besides that, hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, and it can be produced from a number of sources, including ammonia(氨), or . . . or even water. So, its renewable, and theres an almost unlimited supply. Okay. Now fuel cells represent a radical departure from the conventional internal combustion engine and even a fairly fundamental change from electric battery power. Like batteries, fuel cells run on electric motors; however, batteries use electricity from an external source and store it for use in the battery while the fuel cells create their own electricity through a chemical process that uses hydrogen and oxygen from the air. Are you with me? Look, by producing energy in a chemical reaction rather than through combustion, a fuel cell can convert, say 4060% of the energy from the hydrogen into electricity. And when this ratio is compared with that of a combustion engine that runs at about half the efficiency of a fuel cell, well, its obvious that fuel cell technology has the potential to revolutionize the energy industry. So, fuel cells have the potential to generate power for almost any kind of machinery or equipment that fossil fuels(化石燃料) run, but, the most important, um, lets say goal, the goal of fuel cell technology is the introduction of fuel cell powered vehicles. Internationally, the competition is fierce to commercialize fuel cell cars. I guess all of the leading automobile manufacturers worldwide have concept cars that use fuel cells, and some of them can reach speeds of as high as 90 miles per hour. Even more impressive is the per tank storage capacity. Can you believe this? Some of those cars can run for 220 miles between ref