M6U3重点词汇短语句型教学案.doc

M6U3重点词汇短语句型教学案重点词汇：1.ensure vt.保证，担保，确保 ensure=en-(使成为)+sure(确定的) ensure ones doing sth.保证某人做某事=ensure that sb. +谓语 ensure sb. sth.保证某人某事 ensure sb. against 保护某人免于。我不能保证他能准时。（两种表达）_.这药将保证你一晚睡眠良好。_.难道你认为哪些国家真的想确保利比亚平民的安全吗？_?Every few years, the coal workers have their lungs X-rayed to_their health.A. endure B. ensure C. endanger D. encourage2.congratulate vt.向（某人）道贺，祝贺congratulate sb. on/upon sth.就某事祝贺某人congratulations n.祝贺，贺词Congratulations (on sth.) !祝贺（某事）offer ones congratulations 向。表示某人的祝贺我祝贺你的成功。_祝贺你们喜结良缘。_我们得给那对幸福的新婚夫妇打个电话表示祝贺。_请让我们对你的成功表示祝贺。_辨析：congratulate celebratecongratulate 指以向他人祝贺为目的，希望他人幸福或走运。后跟人作宾语，且介词on后跟表示成功，成就，幸运，生日等。celebrate 通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面。后跟表示节日或某件事情的名词作宾语。We went to the church to _Christmas Eve.The two sportsmen _each other _winning the match by shaking hands.3. permit vt./vi. 允许，准许 n.许可证permit (doing )sth.允许(做)某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 be permitted to do sth.被允许做某事（用法同allow/advise/forbid）permission n.允许，准许，许可time/weather permitting 如果时间、天气许可此处不许吸烟。_.我们不许在池子里游泳。_.我们不许孩子们在池子里游泳。_.我们被禁止在这个池子里游泳。_.如果时间允许的话，我开完会就来。_.如果天气许可，咱们去野营如何？_.你没有工作许可证就不能在这里工作。_.如果你想早走的话，必须得到允许。_.Passengers are permitted _only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried4. prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止 prohibited prohibiting prohibition n.禁止，禁令 prohibit(doing)sth. 禁止（做）某事 prohibit sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事我们应该禁止出售盗版唱片。_.法律禁止烟贩向儿童出售香烟。_.The _against smoking on school grounds is strictly enforced.校园内严禁吸烟。It is reported that a city in Italy intends to _women from wearing miniskirts. A. exhibit B. prohibit C. promote D. convince5.adjust vt./vi. 适应，习惯；调整，调节 adjustment n.适应，调节，调整adjust to 适应adjust oneself to 适应看新来的外教努力适应这个动作是很有趣的。Its quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to_.七十二岁的我能适应中国的生活吗？_.他很快适应了这个国家炎热的天气。_.我的表快了，我得把它校准。_.It took a few seconds for her eyes to _the darkness.A. attach to B. adjust to C. appeal to D. object to6. accustomed adj.习惯于，惯常的 accustom vt.使习惯be/get accustomed to sth./doing sth.习惯于=be used to sth./doing sth.accustom oneself to 使自己习惯于许多外国人很难习惯它。_.我已经习惯努力工作了。_.你必须使自己习惯于早起。_.我们习惯于在餐桌旁不讲话。_.It took us long to be accustomed _the local food and customs.7.familiar adj.通晓；熟悉be familiar with sth.熟悉，通晓，精通be familiar to sb.被某人所熟悉be on familiar terms with 和某人交情很好This nursery rhythm _.我对这首摇篮曲很熟悉。他通晓中国古代史。_.我与银行经理交情很好。_.He talked of other cultures as if they were more _him than his own.A. familiar to B. familiar with C. similar to D. identical with8. expectation n.期望，盼望in(the)expectation of期望，预计beyond ones expectations 比预期的更好live up to sbs expectations 达到某人的期望她午饭吃得很少，期待晚饭时饱餐一顿。She ate a light lunch _a good dinner.我知道他非常努力想满足你的期望。I know he will_.试验比我们预期的更加成功。_.他的父母对他的前途深寄厚望。_.Women who have high_of marriage are often disappointed.A. expectations B. reputations C. contributions D. civilizations9.let alone更不用说 比较alone(adv./adj.) 和lonely(adj.)let alone不打扰，不惊动=leave alonelet down 使失望，放下，降低let out 放出，泄露let in 让。进入let sb. off sth.使某人免做某事他连自己的生活都难以维持，更不用说养家了。He could barely keep body and soul together, _.别担心。我决不会让你失望的。_.我单身一人但我从不孤独。_.He can not speak English,_French.A. let alone B. let out C. leave out D. let down10. show sb. around 带领某人参观，游览show in令（某人）进入show sb. to the door送某人到门口show off炫耀，卖弄show up显露，路面on show在展览中，陈列着他带我参观工厂。_她把我领进来。_请你送他到门口好吗？_那个男孩子满屋子跳舞，向大家炫耀一番。The child danced around the room, _.十点钟时他终于露面了。It was ten oclock when he finally _.11.take up占据（时间或空间）；开始从事；继续；拿起他是什么时候开始踢足球的？_?She took up the narrative where John had left off. 中文：_.take after（在外貌等方面）与（父、母）相像take apart拆卸，拆开take back收回（说错的话）；使回忆起take in接受，吸收；领会，理解；欺骗take off脱下；起飞；请假；（经济、事业）迅速腾飞take on开始雇佣；呈现；承担；具有take over接收，接管Lets _the radio _and see whats wrong with it.I _what I said.The plane_despite the fog.Her eyes _a hurt expression.-You are playing so well! -I _basketball since I was eight.A. took up B. took out C. took back D. took off12. account n.描述，叙述 accountant n.会记人员account n. 记述；账户；解释；理由 vt.认为account for （在数量方面）占，说明（原因等），导致on this account由于这个缘故on account of 由于，因为on ones own account 为了自身，单独，独自警察叙述了交通事故的经过。_.她想单独完成工作。_.我们因为孩子的缘故而结婚。_.由于这个缘故他生气了。_.他因为生病，所以才缺席。_.She gave the police a full_of the incident.A. explanation B image C. instruction D. account13. have power over控制，支配in power掌权的，执政的come/rise to power掌权the power of。的能力have the power to do sth.有权利/力做某事beyond sb.s power 为某人能力所不及我没有能力帮助你。_有些动物具有在黑暗中能看见东西的能力。_.他丧失了语言的能力。_.这届政府已执政两年。_.人们应该能支配影响他们生活的决定。_.I am sorry its _my power to make a final decision on the project. A. over B. above D. off D beyond重点短语和句子：1.adjust to适应。2.get /become/be accustomed to 习惯于 3.be familiar with熟悉。4.get into trouble陷入困境，惹上麻烦 have trouble /difficulty doing sth.做某事有困难ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃5.dream of sth./doing sth.梦想，渴望，向往6.let alone更不用说 let down 使失望，放下，降低 let out 放出，泄露7.show sb. around带领某人参观，游览 show in令（某人）进入show sb. to the door送某人到门口 show off炫耀，卖弄show up显露，路面 on show在展览中，陈列着8.take up占据（时间或空间）；开始从事；继续；拿起 take over接收，接管take after（在外貌等方面）与（父、母）相像 take apart拆卸，拆开take back收回（说错的话）；使回忆起 take in接受，吸收；领会，理解；欺骗take off脱下；起飞；请假；（经济、事业）迅速腾飞 take on开始雇佣；呈现；承担；具有9. have power over 控制，支配10. be responsible for 负责(=take responsibility for)；是。的原因11. drive away赶走 12. throughout the night整夜=all through the night13. cause offence冒犯，使某人不悦 14.take place 发生，进行（无被动式）15.after all 毕竟，终究 16.make sense 讲得通，有意义17.give out分发；用完，耗尽；公布，宣布；发出（气味，光和热等）18.belong to属于（无被动式无进行式） 19.believe in 信仰(God)；相信，信任（=trust）20.作为新来者，彼得很难理解当地的风俗。As a newcomer, Peter_.21.他很快习惯了早起学英语. He soon became_.22.我要感谢使本次活动得以顺利进行的所有相关人士。Id like to thank everyone _for making the activity run so smoothly.23.我们见到她在努力地祷告，双眼紧闭，双手合十。We saw her praying hard, with eyes _and hands_together.24.我不喜欢我弟弟到处跟着我。 I dont like_when my younger brother follows me around.难句分析：1.One reason why there were so many French words in English is that the French ruled England fro quite a number of years. 英语里有如此多的法语词汇的原因是法国人统治英格兰很长时间。句型： The reason whyis that, 表示“。的原因是。”。在句型中why引导定语从句修饰the reason;that. 为表语从句，说明the reason的内容。由于他的级别太低，因此他不能去那里。The reason_he could not go there was _his grades were too low.我迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车。_.The reason whyis that The reason for.is that The reason(why).is to do她之所以缺席是因为她病了。The reason for_ was that she was ill.我打电话是想问问周六的计划。The reason I called was to ask about the plans for Saturday.That is because那是由于。 That is why那就是。的原因He is absent. _.由于生病，他缺席了。He is ill._.由于生病，他缺席了。One reason for her preference for city life is _she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why2. The same as in cities in China! 和中国的城市一样！the same as和。一样驾船和开车不一样。_.她和我出生在同一天。_.all the same 仍然，同样地 at the same time同时，然而，不过the same with也一样，也适合于。 the same to you 彼此彼此（用于别人向自己祝福后，给别人同样的祝福）不管怎样，还是要感谢你。_.一个人应该说话清楚，写作也一样。One should speak clearly and _writing.-Happy Christmas! 圣诞快乐！-And _you! 圣诞快乐！当名词前有the same修饰，表示“同一个时”，后面的定语从句由that 引导；表示“和。一样时”，后面的定语从句由as引导。My hometown is no longer _it was.我的家乡再也不像过去一样了。This is _skirt_she was wearing a year ago.这就是她一年前穿的那条裙子。Peters jacket looked just_Jacks, but it cost twice as much as his.A. the same like B. the same as .C the same to D. the same with3.In Thailand and other parts of South-East Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together.在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。在句中with复合结构with the hands pressed together作定语，修饰名词bow。在with复合结构中动词-ed形式pressed作宾语the hands的补足语。构成：with+名词或代词+形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动词-ing或动词的-ed形式。作用：在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。也可以作定语。任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。Anyone_can see its exactly like a rope.需要的东西都买齐后，她高兴地回家了。_, she went home happily.有那个小男孩领路，我们很容易地找到了那座房子。We found the house easily _.她离开房间，所有的等都亮着。She left the room_.因为有那么多的工作要做，我没有时间度假。_, I have no time for a holiday.他习惯开着窗户睡觉。_.练习：1.Children under six arent _to the primary shool.A. allowed B. permitted C. accepted D. admitted2.He almost forgot about the appointment, with his attention_(fix)on the research.3.How could you _then? You ought to have given a hand to them.A. stand out B. stand up C. stand for D. stand by4.The professor worked day and night, _to his research.A. buried B. lost C. devoted D. absorbed5._such heavy pollution already, the river now is too late to clean up.A. Suffering B. To suffer .C Suffered D. Having suffered6.It rained continuously for a month, _lots of areas were flooded.A. as a result of that B. as a result of which C. result from which D. result in which7. -How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?- Well. I _somehow.A. get along B. come on .C watch out D. set off8.Although we have failed many times, we_from achieving goal.A. never encourage B. are never encouraged C. are never discouraged D. are discouraging9.If you cant _now, youll have do dial a moment later.A. go through B. look through .C come through D. get through10.The mother didnt know who_for broken glass.A. will blame B. was to blame .C blamed D. blames11. There is no doubt_hes an honest boy, so there is no doubt_his honesty.A. whether, for B. what, about C. that, of D. why, of12.I cant stand _at by others in public.A. being laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D. to laugh13. He_us to have a rest.A. suggested B. advised C. insisted D. hoped14. If you dont go to the concert this weekend, _I.A. so do B. so will C. nor do D. neither shall15.-What do you suppose made her so upset?- her tennis match again.A. Lose B. Lost C. To lose D.Losing16. Readers can _quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through 17. _it is to have a picnic in the hills on such a nice day!A. What a fun B How fun C. What fun D. How a fun18.The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his parents told him_.A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to19. He_to Shanghai, for I saw him a moment ago.A. must have gone B. cant have gone C. mustnt have gone D. cant have been20.You must have gone to bed very late last night, _you?A. havent B. mustnt C. neednt D. didnt21.-Is your brother a professional photographer?- No, but he_.A. hopes to B. hopes to be C. hopes D. hopes is22. The doctor hit his knee to check whether it could_properly. A. respond B. repeat C. request D. require23. -Mary looks so excited and happy. -_if you win the first prize.A. So will you B. So do you C. So would you D. So did you24.I wont stand _the video games like that. Its a waste of time and energy.A. you to be absorbed in B. your being absorbed in C. your absorbed in D. absorbing you on25. He said it wasnt his fault if he couldnt play as well as me and_I shouldnt have yelled at him.A. / B. which C. why D. that26.-My dear! He has got an A for his term paper this time.- Great! He is not what he used to be. He_read widely and put a lot of effort into it.A. must B. should C. must have D. should have27.-Ill be away on business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?-Not at all. _.A. Ive no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be happy to28. Much in the country remains_after the war between the two countries has ended.A. done B. to be done C. doing D. to do29.It was already past midnight and only three young men_in the teahouse.A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted30. He was busy writing a story, only_once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopping31.- They are quiet, arent they?- Yes. They are accustomed _at meals.A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking32.You can take the book away_you remember to return it after you finish reading it.A. as well as B. as much as C. as far as D. as long as33. Lets start ahead of time because the traffic doesnt _well at this time every day.A. follow B. control C. flow D. deal34._the temperature might drop, heavy clothes were prepared for everyone working here.A To consider B. Considered C. Considering D. To be considered35.All work_, the professor decided to have a holiday in a beach park.A. were done B. having been done C. had been done D. have been done36. Every spring the flowers_sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt37.We hope the huge bridge_will be completed as soon as possible because a lot of citizens are complaining about the noises. A. to be built B. built C. being built D. building38. I couldnt settle down to my homework with that noise _outside of our buildings.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on39.Mr Warren rushed out of his office, _into his car and started it hurriedly, _to get there as soon as possible. A. got, hoped B. getting, and hoped C. got, hoping D. getting, hoped40.The speech_, a heated discussion started among the experts present at the meeting. A. being made B. was made C. be made D. having been made41. If I catch the salesman_anyone next time, Ill report to the police and stop buying things here. A. cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating42.Our teacher Mr. Lee, _it clear to us that he didnt agree with us left the classroom. A. who has made B. having made C. made D. was making43. To tell you the truth, I really cant understand _your wife in that way. A. you treat B. you to treat .C why treat D. you treating44. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we must have factual knowledge _our thinking. A. which to be based on B. upon which to base C. which to base upon D. to which to be based45.They had to return from the hiking in the desert, for their food and water almost_.A. ran out of B. ran out C. give out D. used up46.Sincerely, I _Which of the following is WRONG?A. would appreciate it if you could help me B. appreciate your helping meC. am in appreciation of your help D. appreciate to you for your help47._with so much trouble, we failed to compl