河口一中高二英语导学案(词义猜测).doc

河口一中高二英语导学案阅读理解之猜测词义时间：2010年4月23日 主备：高二英语组教学目标：探究并掌握阅读理解猜测词义的方法，提高阅读效率。教学重难点：猜测词义方法的探索及应用。教学策略：任务型语言教学法、合作学习教学法、情感激励教学法等。Step1 Lead-in想一想（自由讨论）1.大家在阅读中存在的难点是什么？ 2.你是怎样处理阅读中的生词的？3词义猜测题常用的提问方式有哪些？ 4.常见的猜测词义方法有哪些？Step2 Exploring 1. Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。It will be very hard but very brittle that is , it will break easily.The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。 表示对比的词有but、while、however、 otherwise等。Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.A.on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly 3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.4. Cause and Effect 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. 5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等 。Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.6. Word Formation 构词法： Can you guess the right meanings?superman microwave nonnatural mispronouce homeless nonsmoker rebuild eastwards Eg. Im going to buy a microbus. 7. Context 上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。 1) He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understand anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. A. see clearly B. understand C. expect2）Tom saw an owl in a tree last night but it flew away when he got nearAa bird Ban animal C. a star3）The children are looking at a large, hairy ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of bird8. Common sense 普通常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。When a doctor performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anesthetic to make himunconscious，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.Step3 Inquiry-based Activities (I) Can you guess the correct meanings of the following words?1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice. A. 雪山 B. 树枝 C. 冰河 D. 冰2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever3. Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works. A. 租用 B. 借出 C. 购买 D. 参观 4. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 5. The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbor all call her an eccentric lady. A. 爱猫的 B. 古怪的 C. 闲不住 D. 动物保护主义者 6. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth. A. 便士 B. 温饱 C. 非常贫困 D. 虚弱 7. Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type. A. 活泼的 B. 好动的 C. 多嘴多舌的 D. 可爱的 8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. countryside D. house 9. This boy is not stupid, on the contrary, no one could be more intelligent. A. 勤奋的 B. 愚蠢的 C. 聪明的 D. 情报10. Children are always boasting. They say things like “My Dads car is bigger than your Dads,” “My Mom is smarter than yours.” and “My family has more money than yours.”The word “boasting” means _.A. 骄傲 B. 吹牛 C. 顽皮 D. 幼稚Step4 Inquiry-based Activities (II) Passage 1 Tens of thousands of baby penguins face starvation after two giant icebergs broke off the Antarctic ice sheet and blocked their parents road to the feeding areas. Adeline and emperor penguins nesting on the Ross island rookeries are now forced to walk long distances over the icebergs to obtain food for their chicks, born during the November-December breeding season.What does the underlined word “obtain” probably mean?A. eat B. get C. sell D. buyPassage 2 A mans position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _ in this text.A. honor B. endanger C. proud D. shame Passage 3 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever. The underlined word “banished” mean_. A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping Passage 4 My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could.What does the underlined word “tedious” probably mean?A. interesting B. tiresome C. relaxing D. challengingPassage 5 Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future. The word “jeopardize” means _ in this text.A. protect B. endanger C. continue D. stopPassage 6 After a four-year relationship with a major fortune 100 company beginning as a sales trainee and ending as a regional sales manager, I left the company at the height of my career. Many people were astounded that I would leave after earning a six-figure income. And they asked why I would risk everything for a dream. The underlined word “astounded” means _.A. very sad B. very sorry C. very pleased D. greatly surprised Step5 Homework:根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义。(1)John drives too fast，and he often drives in the middle of the streetHe doesnt watch what the other cars are doingHe is a reckless driver Avery careful Bvery careless Cvery harmful Dvery harmless(2)When Glen finished college，he couldnt find a jobThen his luck changedA big engineering company hired himAgive him a job Bpaid him Ctold him to stop working Dtold him about his future(3)A computer is a complex machineIt is not simple A. simple B. complicated C. beautiful D. expensive(4)Children like to play with waterAfter it rains，they will walk in every puddle they can find. A. rainful Bwater sitting in the street Csnow Da small river(5)Chicken pox can be very serious for a child who is not in good healthThe child develops red spots，and feels hot and uncomfortableA healthy child gets well quickly Aa kind of animal Ba kind of food Ca kind of childhood disease Da lack of pure water(6)Ali showed the class a picture of him, his wife，and their babyPierres family has lived in the east of Canada for two hundred yearsTheir ancestors came from France Afamily members from a long time ago Bgrandparents and their grandchildrenC. parents, grandparents and great-grandparents Dfamily members all living at the same time(7)Some Africans carve beautiful human and animal figures out of woodThey sell their carvings to stores and museums Adraw Bbeat Cheat Dcut(8)When an army officer gives a command, his men and women must fo1low it Acomma Border Cquestion D. present(9)The offspring of a pair of birds leave the nest when they are big enough to fly Achildren Bancestors Cgenerations Dmates(10)There is a stack of papers on Mr. Greens desk Apiece Bbalance Cmixture Dpile(11)I cannot afford a new carI have to buy a used one Ahave enough money to buy something Bsearch for Cgather the necessary information Duse one in an emergency(12)The speed limit is 60 kilometers per hour on this street Afast Bslow Can Deven though(13)Before you buy something，check the quality firstFor example, if it is cheap, it might not be goodAhow good it is Bwhat the color is Cwhat the size is Dhow big it is(14)Please give me your recipe