unit2-春节-key.doc

春节词汇 1、Greeting Season:春节 农历 正月 除夕 初一 元宵节 The Spring Festival；lunar calendar；lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar；New Years Eve; eve of lunar New Year；the beginning of New Year ；The Lantern Festival2、Customs:过年 对联 春联 剪纸 年画 买年货Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival；poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry；Spring Festival couplets；paper-cuts；special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping；paper-cuts；New Year paintings 敬酒 灯笼 烟花 爆竹 红包 propose a toast；lantern: a portable light；fireworks；firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.) red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.) 舞狮 舞龙 戏曲 杂耍 灯谜 灯会 守岁 拜年 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)； dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)；traditional opera；variety show; vaudeville；riddles written on lanterns；exhibit of lanterns；staying-up；pay New Years call; give New Years greetings; New Years visit 禁忌 去晦气 祭祖宗 压岁钱 辞旧岁 扫房 taboo；get rid of the ill- fortune；offer sacrifices to ones ancestors；gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift Culture Note: In the old days, New Years money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. Today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth；bid farewell to the old year；spring cleaning; general house-cleaning3、 Blessing:金玉满堂，招财进宝，生意兴隆，岁岁平安，恭喜发财 Treasures fill the home。 Business flourishes。 Peace all year round。 Wishing you prosperity。 和气生财，家和万事兴。万事如意，万事顺利，国富民安。Harmony brings wealth。 May all your wishes come true。 Everything goes well。 The country flourishes and people live in peace。招财进宝，财源茂盛，财源广进。万事如意，马到成功。步步高升，升官发财。出入平安，一帆风顺。祝你新的一年快乐幸福:事业成功，家庭美满: Money and treasures will be plentiful。 Wishing you every success。 Promoting to a higher position。 Safe trip wherever you go。Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year!Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family!4、 Food names: 年糕 Nian-gao; rice cake; New Year cake 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 年夜饭 the dinner on New Years Eve 饺子 Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli，dumpling 汤圆 Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings 八宝饭 eight treasures rice pudding 糖果盘 candy tray: 什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune 蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon - growth and good health 西瓜子 red melon seed - joy, happiness, truth and sincerity 金桔 cumquat - prosperity 糖莲子 candied lotus seed - many descendents to come 糖藕 candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship 红枣 red dates - prosperity 花生糖 peanut candy - sweet中国人的家庭The Chinese Family (自考题典 P52)对中国人来说，家庭是神圣的。因此中国人无论走到哪里都忘不了自己的家庭。Families are sacred to the Chinese. Chinese people, wherever they may be, are strongly attached to their families. 从前，中国人喜欢大家庭，很多人生活在一起，有的家庭四世同堂四代人住在一起。一个大家庭就是一个小社会。在这个小社会里等级分明，辈分最高者地位最高。In the old days, Chinese people preferred to live in extended families with many family members and sometimes with up to four generations under the same roof. An extended family was a small society in which everyone has his own place by seniority in the hierarchy.在封建时代，几十口人甚至上百口人生活在一起，如果没有纪律约束是不行的。人们常说“国有国法，家有家规”。In feudal times it was impossible for large members of people to live together without restraints being placed on their behavior. As the saying goes, “A state has its law and a family its regulations.”封建社会的家规就是一个家庭的法律，在家里丈夫打妻子，父亲打儿子是合法的，别人无权干涉。儿女们的生活包括婚姻由家长主宰。In feudal times family regulations are laws in a family. No one had the right to interfere if a husband beat his wife or a father beat his son, for these actions were regarded as legal. In the family childrens life, even choices of spouses are dominated by parents.每个大家庭都有自己的宗祠，在那里供奉着这个家族的祖先。每个人都有义务为自己的祖先增光。Every clan set up its ancestral temple where their ancestors were enshrined and worshipped, and it was the duty of every family member to add to the prestige of the family. 现在情况不同了。封建式的大家庭解体了，以小家庭为主。人们的生活方式发生了很大的变化，但是人们对家庭的依恋却依然如故。“每逢佳节倍思亲”是人之常情。Now things are quite different. The feudal extended family has given way to the nuclear family, and its life style has changed a great deal. However, the Chinese have as strong a sentimental attachment for their families as ever so,