东北师范大学英语学习理论试题及答案.doc

研究生课程进修班试卷封面姓 名： 单位： 河南省周口市许湾中学 专 业： 英语 考试科目： 英语学习理论 考试分数： 2013年 3 月 4 日东北师范大学研究生课程进修班考试试卷评分表课程名称 英语学习理论姓 名 单位 周口市许湾中学 专 业 英语 2013年3 月4 日 题 号分 数签 名12345678910总 分评阅教师签字： 年 月 日英语学习理论考试卷得 分 Multiple Choice (30%)Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D.1. _A_2. _C_3. _B_4. _D_5. _A_6. _C_7. _B_8. _A_9. _D_10. _B_11. _B_12. _B_13. _B_14. _C_15. _C_1.Which of the following can be considered output of language?A. writingB. readingC. listeningD. understanding2.Acquisition generally meansA. the learning of a foreign language.B. the learning of rules consciously.C. a subconscious process of picking up language.D. a conscious process of picking up language.3.“His first language was Chinese.” What meaning does the statement convey?A. His first language is still Chinese now.B. He doesnt use Chinese as the first language now.C. Chinese is a foreign language now.D. Chinese is his second language.4.Bilingualism meansA. the mother tongue is stronger than the second language.B. one language is stronger than the other.C. the speaker has two mother tongues in contradiction.D. the speaker speaks two languages proficiently.5.The literature on learning strategies in second language acquisition emerged fromA. a concern for identifying the characteristics of effective learners.B. a concern for identifying the characteristics of weak learners.C. a concern for identifying learner errors.D. a concern for identifying learner mistakes.6.The focus of Behavioristic view of learning isA. the cognitive theoryB. the functionalist theoryC. stimulus-response theoryD. the structuralist theory7.Early representatives carrying on research on learning strategies do NOT includeA. RubinB. ChomskyC. NaimanD. Wong Fillmore8.Reflective learners tend to be more _ about the _ of their performance and more capable of sustained attention.A. concerned quantityB. unaware qualityC. doubtful quantityD. anxious quality9.What areas of SLA have been generally investigated?A. characteristics of learner languageB. learner external and internal mechanismsC. the language learnerD. all of the above10.Language transfer is generally understood as:A. impediments to second language acquisition.B. differences between the two languages in contact that interfere with learningC. patterns of the first language that are similar to the language being acquiredD. evidence that various aspects of the first language would be carried over to the L211.Errors reflectA. pressure and fatigueB. gaps in a learners knowledgeC. occasional lapses in performanceD. positive L1 transfer12.Metacognitive strategies involveA. direct manipulation of the learning materials.B. thinking about the learning process and monitoring of comprehension.C. note-taking.D. repetation. 13.Tolerance of ambiguity concerns the degree to whichA. learners are cognitively unwilling to tolerate ideas and propositions that are contrary to their own belief system or structure of language.B. learners are cognitively willing to tolerate ideas and propositions that are contrary to their own belief system or structure of language.C. learners are willing to accept ideas and propositions that are consistent with their own belief system or structure of language.D. learners are unwilling to accept ideas and propositions that are consistent with their own belief system or structure of language.14.Denotation refers toA. the implicated meaning of a word.B. the associations or social values suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.C. the reference of a word to an object, action, or event in the physical world.D. attitudes and emotions of a language user in choosing a word15.“Chinese was my first language, but it is now rather rusty.” What does the statement imply?A. Chinese is stronger now.B. Chinese is still my first lanuage. C. Chinese is not the stronger language now. D. Chinese is later acquired.得 分 True or False Statements (20%)Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for True and F for False.1. _T_2. _T_3. _F_4. _F_5. _F_6. _T_7. _F_8. _F_9. _F_10. _T_-1. Mistakes are occasional lapses in performance.2. Function planning refers to paying attention to specific aspects of a task.3. Field-independent learners tend to look at the whole of a learning task which contains many items.4. An impulsive learner is a person who tends to weigh all the considerations of the problem, work out all the loopholes, then makes more calculated decision.5. Metacognitive strategies are techniques about learning rather than learning strategies themselves.6. Age, intelligence and personality are all factors affecting language learning strategies.7. Syntactic knowledge and morphological knowledge are schematic know- ledge.8. Scanning is used to get a global impression of the content of a text.9. People with low tolerance of ambiguity can usually become successful language learners.10. Contextualization means placing a word or phrase in a meaningful language sequence.得 分 Cloze (20%)Fill in the blanks with suitable words.1. Singular-plural 2. form3. _choice_4. tense5. _Omit_6. Add_7. _ order 8. Incomplete9. Spelling10. _Punctuation11. Capitalization12. Article13. _ Meaning 14. Run-on_15. _absence_16. well-formed17. _presence18. _Misformations19. wrong_20. _placementCategory Example 1. _He have been here for six months.2. word _I saw a beauty picture.3. word _She got on the taxi.4. verb _He is here since June.5. _ a wordI want go to the zoo.6. _ a wordShe entered to the university.7. word _I saw five times that movie.8. _ sentenceI went to bed. Because I was tired.9. _An accident occured.10. _ What did he say.11. _He is american.12. _This is a English book.13. _ not clearHe borrowed some smoke.14. _ sentenceMy roommate was sleeping, we didnt want to wake her up.(2) Surface strategy taxonomy of errorsCategoryDescription Example Omissions The 15. _ of an item that must not appear in a 16. _ utterance.She sleeping.Additions The 17. _ of an item that must not appear in well-formed utterances.We didnt go to there.18. _The use of the 19. _ form of the morpheme or structure.The dog ated the chicken.Misorderings The incorrect 20. _ of a morpheme or group of morphemes in an utterance.Can you tell me what are they doing now?得 分 Terms (20%)Explain the following terms. You may use examples where necessary.Language Learning StrategiesLanguage Learning Strategies are the conscious thoughts and behaviors used by learners with the explicit goal of improving their knowledge and understanding of a target language. They include strategies for identifying the material that needs to be learned, distinguishing it from other material if need be, grouping it for easier learning, having repeated contact with the material, and formally committing the material to memory when it does not seem to be acquired naturally. That is, they are cognitive strategies for memorizing and manipulating target language structures, metacognitive strategies for gauging their emotional reactions to learning and lower anxieties, and social strategies for enhancing learning.Tolerance of ambiguityTolerance of ambiguity allows a person to reconcile and accommodate ideas that may be contradictory or information that may be inconsistent. A person who is Tolerance of ambiguity does not see everything in terms of black and white and does not put information in airtight compartments. Such a person is willing to accept the fact that there are many shades of gray and that uncertainty and inconsistency must be accommodated. Tolerance of ambiguity has been noted as an asset in learning a foreign language because there are so many inconsistencies in language rules that even native speakers cannot always agree on correct usage and linguists cannot explain certain language phenomena. Also, whether a turn of speech is right or wrong may depend on the situation rather than on an ironclad rule.Denotation vs. ConnotationBoth denotation and connotation refer to the meanings of words. Denotation is the literal meaning of a word what you find in a dictionary. Connotation, on the other hand, is the implied meaning of a word what a word suggests to you, or what it makes you feel or think of. For the word “die”, for example, the denotation is “stop living”. But in the sentence “Some die at 30 but are not buried until theyre 70”, the word “die” connotes “stop living spiritually” or “stop growing intellectually”.Acquisition vs. LearningThe term acquisition is used to refer to picking up a second language through exposure, whereas the term learning is used to refer to the conscious study of a second language. However, I shall use acquisition and learning interchangeably, irrespective of whether conscious or subconscious processes are involved.To summarize, the term second language acquisition refers to the subconscious or conscious processes by which a language other than the mother tongue is learned in a natural or a tutored setting. It covers the development of phonology, lexis, grammar, and pragmatic knowledge, but has been largely confined to morphosyntax. The process manifests both variable and invariable features. The study of SLA is directed at accounting for the learners competence, but in order to do so has set out to investigate empirically how a learner performs when he or she uses a second language.得 分Question (10%)Answer the following question in your own words.What is a “think aloud” and how is it used in strategy modeling? Supply examples from your own experiences.It asks students to say out loud what they are thinking about when reading, solving math problems, or simply responding to questions posed by teachers or other students. Effective teachers think out loud on a regular basis to model this process for students. In this way, they demonstrate practical ways of approaching difficult problems while bringing to the surface the complex thinking processes that underlie reading comprehension, mathematical problem solving, and other cognitively demanding tasks. Thinking out loud is an excellent way to teach how to estimate the number of people in a crowd, revise a paper for a specific audie