陕西省黄陵中学2018届高三英语下学期第一次大检测试题（重点班）.doc

陕西省黄陵中学2018届高三英语下学期第一次大检测试题（重点班）第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the problem with the woman?A.She has a headache.B.She has a sore throat.C.She has a high fever.2. Why will the woman do a part-time job?A.To help support her family. B.To prepare for her future career. C.To earn some money for her study.3. Where will the man be at 4 oclock?A.At the office.B.At the airport.C.At the restaurant.4. What does the man think of his Harry Potter book?A.Fake but worth reading. B.Cheaper and interesting. C. Cheaper but not worth buying.5. What are the speakers talking about?A.Buying an apartment.B.Using public transport.C.Planting some trees.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. What will the man do for Steve?A.Write an article.B. Take photos.C. Go shopping.7. When will the speakers meet?A.On Friday.B.At noon.C.In the morning.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What makes the woman upset?A.Economic stress. B.Loss of her credit card. C.Present for her friends.9. What causes the womans trouble according to the man?A.Her attitude to life.B.Her consumption concept. C.Her relationship with friends.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Why does the woman reply to a mans article in the forum?A.Because she has different ideas. B.Because she wants to help him. C.Because she dislikes him.11. What does the woman enjoy doing?A.Making friends.B.Discussing something online.C.Choosing topics.12.How does the woman fight in the forum?A.By attackingB. By shooting.C.By debating.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why did the man come back late?A.He hurt his hands and knees. B.He went to a pub with Julie. C.He waited a long time for the bus.14. What happened to Julie?A.She was fined.B.She got injured.C.She had an accident.15. Where was the witness?A.Outside the pub.B.At a bus stop.C.In his car.16. What was the old lady doing in the middle of the road?A.Looking for something. B.Struggling to stand up. C.Trying to seek help.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When did Alfred Nobel die?A.In 1906.B.In 1901.C.In 1896.18. Which prize is only a Noble Prize in name?A.The Nobel Peace Prize. B.The Nobel Medicine Prize. C.The Nobel Economics Prize.19. What should the judges do with the discussions about winners?A.Keep them secret. B.Make them known. C.Write them down.20. Why must scientists wait for 50 years for their awards?A.To wait for more breakthroughs. B.To test their devotion to their career.C.To see the effect of their achievements.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（ 共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Coolest Inventions An Oceans Vacuum Theres a collection of plastic trash in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Its bigger than Texas and growing. The way to clean it up now is to catch it with nets. That is both costly and slow. Instead, the Ocean Cleanup Project proposes a 62-mile-long floating barrier that would use natural currents to trap trash. If next years trials succeed, a full cleanup operation would aim to start in 2020. It could reduce the trash by 42 % over 10 years. Easy-On Shoes In 2012, Matthew Walzer, a high school student with a disability, sent a note to Nike. “My dream is to go to college,” he wrote, “without having to worry about someone coming to tie my shoes every day.” Nike assigned a design team to the challenge. This year, they came out with their solution: the FlyEase. The basketball shoe can be fastened with one hand. A pair of Nike FlyEase shoes sells for $ 130. An Airport for Drones (无人机） As Amazon, Google, and others get ready for drone delivery service, there is one big question: What kinds of home bases will their drones have? Rwanda, in Africa, may have the answer. There, workers will soon start work on three “drone ports”. The goals is to make it easier to transport food, medical supplies, electronics, and other goods through the hilly countryside. Construction is set to be completed in 2020.21. Whats the advantage of the Oceans Vacuum?A. It can tear plastic into pieces.B. It can grow year by year.C. It can be a money-saver.D. It can be put into wide use soon.22. What do we know about Nike?A. It offers free shoes to the disabled. B. It provides customer friendly services.C. It is designing new shoes frequently. D. It responded to Matthews request passively.23. Why is Rwanda setting up “drone ports”?A. Because they are receptive to new technology. B. Because theyre easier to construct than roads.C. Because there are too many drones.D. Because road travel there is rough. BWhen Sarah Hansen first came to Bonnie Schlachtes ballet studio, she jokingly called herself a “weeble-wobble,” telling her ballet teacher that when she tried to walk, she would fall. “She couldnt walk across the room without holding on to something,” recalls Schlachte. “She would immediately fall.”Hansen was only in middle-school, but a progressive neurological disease was hindering her ability to walk, let alone do ballet. But Hansen had a tenacious spirit and desperately wanted to learn ballet. Hansen joined in weekly group classes at Schlachtes ballet studio called Ballet for all Kids, a studio that teaches children with disabilities. Soon after she began classes and private lessons, her family saw a vast improvement in her ability to move.She worked tirelessly in the studio, focusing on what her instructor wanted from her. “At the time, her foot wouldnt fully rest on the floor,” explains Schlachte. “Thats why she couldnt stand on her own, there was no support.” Schlachte pushed her student, explaining to Hansen that her brain has neuroplasticity(可塑性) so eventually it will receive the message.As a mom, a classically trained ballerina, and holding a degree in psychology, Bonnie Schlachte was the perfect person to push Hansen to do her best. Schlachte put herself through college with dance and theater scholarships. After graduation, she came across an opportunity with children with developmental disabilities. She fell in love and chose to focus on jobs in that field.Years later, Schlachte found herself watching and celebrating Hansen, who at one point could barely walk, was now moving across the floor on her own two feet. “One day, her ankle dropped, and she put her whole foot on the ground,” says Schlachte. “I was crying, her mom was crying, it was a great moment.”24. What kind of person was Sarah Hansen?A. Anxious and careful. B. Determined and hard-working. C. Happy and generous. D. Energetic and confident.25. Why did Sarah Hansen call herself a “weeble-wobble”?A. She had great difficulty in walking properly. B. She met Bonnie Schlachte for the first time. C. She could walk very fast carrying something. D. She would stop herself from falling quickly.26. What made Schlachte and Hansens mother cry?A. Hansens degree in psychology. B. Hansens dance and theater scholarships.C. Hansens improvement in walking. D. Hansens opportunity with children. 27. What did Schlachte do to help Hansen walk?A. She asked Hansen to control her brain. B. She pushed Hansen in a wheelchair.C. She put Hansens foot fully on the floor. D. She paid the fee for her.CWe all think plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity(湿度）and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide” said researchers from the National University of Singapore.45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for shrinking creatures.“ We do not yet know the mechanisms(机制）involved, or why some organism are getting smaller while others are unaffected,” the researchers said. “Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we cant yet quantify. The change is big in cold-blooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures are enough to make retiles (爬行动物）smaller. An increase of only 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism(新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growing.Warm-blooded animals arent immune(免除）from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaken And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records.This is not the first time this has happened in Earths history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change.The speed of modem climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times climate change will be shown in the future.28. What does the text mainly talk about_A. Why some species become smaller.B. How climate changes in Earths history?C. Climate change has many negative effects.D. Species are becoming smaller as climate gets warmer.29. The underlined word “trumped” m the first paragraph probably mean .A. strengthened B. gained C. beater D. equaled30. Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that A. they have found the exact causes for creatures getting smaller.B. all the animals on the earth have become smaller.C. climate change has more negative effects on warm-blooded animals.D. increase in energy use can lead to creatures getting smaller.31. What does the author feel about the climate change?A. Disappointed B. Optimistic C. Worried D. ShamefulDRecently, a case of lifeboat occurred. On Aug. 4, Graham and Sheryl Anley, while boating off the coast of South Africa, hit a rock. As the boat threatened to sink, the husband got off, but his wife was trapped in the boat. Instead of saving his wife and getting her to shore, Graham grabbed Rosie, their pet dog. With Rosie safe and sound, Graham returned for Sheryl. All are doing fine.Its a great story, but it doesnt strike me as especially newsworthy. News is supposed to be about something fairly unique, and recent research suggests that, in the right circumstances, lots of people also would have grabbed their Rosie first.We have strange relationships with our pets. We lavish our pets with better health care than billions of people receive. We speak to pets with the same high-pitched voices that we use for babies. As an extreme example of our feelings about pets, the Nazis had strict laws that guaranteed the humane treatment of the pets of Jews being shipped to death camps.A recent paper by George Regents University demonstrates this human involvement with pets to an astonishing extent. Participants in the study were told a situation in which a bus is out of control, bearing down on a dog and a human. Which do you save? With responses from more than 500 people, the answer was that it depended: What kind of human and what kind of dog?Everyone would save a brother, grandparent or close friend rather than a strange dog. But when people considered their own dog versus people less connected with thema distant cousin or a hometown strangervotes in favor of saving the dog came rolling in. And an astonishing 40% of respondents, including 46% of women, voted to save their dog over a foreign tourist. What does a finding like this mean? First, it shows that your odds arent so good if you find yourself in another country with a bus bearing down on you and a cute dog. But it also points to something deeper: our unprecedented(史无前例的) attitude toward animals, which got its start with the birth of humane societies in the 19th century.We prison people who abuse animals, put ourselves in harms way in boats between whales and whalers and show sympathy to Bambi and his mother. We can extend empathy to an animal and feel its pain like no other species. But lets not be too proud of ourselves. As this study and too much of our history show, were pretty selective about how we extend our humaneness to other human beings.32. What is the function of the first paragraph?A. To create a relaxing mood for readers.B. To lead in the main topic of this essay. C. To present the theme of this essay straightly.D. To raise problems that will be solved later.33. The author mentions Nazi laws in the third paragraph _. A. to show how cruel the Nazis were to the JewsB. as an example to persuade people not to love petsC. as an example to display the humaneness of the Nazis D. to illustrate the strange relationship between human and pets 34. Which of the following is true according to the article?A. Human beings are more and more concerned with animals nowadays.B. Most people surveyed choose to save their own dog rather than a human.C. It was in the 19th century that human beings started to love their pets.D. The story of the Anleys and their dog was too unique to be newsworthy. 35. What does the author mainly argue for?A. Pets are of great significance to us human beings.B. It is kind of human beings to extend humaneness to animals.C. We should rethink about our attitude towards animals and mankind.D. We should be selective when showing attitude toward other human beings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We meet many people every day. Its natural to greet friends with a smile and a wave. 36 But what happens if your face and body send mixed messages ? Would someone be more likely to believe the look on your face or the way you hold your body ?Scientists have recently tackled these questions. They found that when a person is looking at your face , she might not believe what she sees if your body language doesnt match the feeling that your face shows. 37 Previously , they had found that the tone of a persons voice can be more important than the words that are spoken . For example , most people tend not to believe a person who says in a flat voice , “ Im so excited . ”When it came to emotions conveyed by facial expressions and body language , most scientists suspected that the face was more important . To test if this was true , psychologists from the Netherlands and Boston showed people a number of pictures of isolated faces and isolated bodies (with faces blurred out（模糊的） that showed anger or fear. 38 An angry face had low eyebrows and tight lips . A scared face had high eyebrow and a slightly open mouth. 39 A scared body had arms forward and shoulders square , as if ready to defend .These results told the researchers that mixed signals can confuse people . Even when people pay attention to the face , body language subtly influences which emotion they read . 40 If you want to be understood , it helps to avoid sending mixed messages .A. Studying such mixed messages is nothing new for scientists .B. So , your body language is important for telling people how you feel .C. Scientists feel new to study the mixed message that confuses people .D. An angry body had arms back and shoulders at an angle , as if ready to fight .E. Body language can sometimes be misunderstood in different culture backgrounds .F. They also showed pictures in which angry or scared faces were paired with angry or scared bodies .G. When you do this ,your face and body work together to show your friends that youre happy to see them.第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Our lovely neighbors have always had a beautiful St. Francis statue by the gate on the side of their house. Ive always loved to 41 at it whenever I look out of the kitchen window. The other day I noticed it wasnt there! I 42 where it had gone! I hoped it was just moved and not stolen! I told Milan about its 43 and he said he would ask the 44 the next time he saw them.Yesterday he 45 Mrs “Neighbor” and mentioned the missing statue to her. He told her how much we loved it and hoped it hadnt been 46 ! She said that she had just moved it to the backyard 47 would bring it back right away! “Oh, no!” said Milan, “Were just glad its 48 !” That evening we went out to sit in our garden and 49 that the statue was back in its old 50 ! Oh, sweet neighbor! You are so kind and 51 !The next day we were out in the garden again, planting 52 , and realized that we had too many. We actually couldnt 53 a place to put them all! I had to leave before we 54 what to do with them. On my way out, I met Mrs “Neighbour” and 55 her for moving the statue back! I told her that it wasnt 56 ! And she said that the spot where the statue lay was too bare.There were no flowers. 57 , an idea went on in my head. The remaining flowers. She could have them. She was so 58 .Now St. Francis 59 among beautiful flowers. I look out of my kitchen window again now and smile! The statue is 60 more beautiful to me now.41.