高一英语外研版必修1module2语法课件.ppt

Grammar 现在完成时 Presentperfecttense 一 现在完成时的基本用法 1 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成 Ihavefinishedmywork Wehavesetupmanynewfactories 2 动作发生在过去 强调对现在的结果 影响等 Haveyoueverseenthefilm HarryPotter I vespent3yearsinthecountryside 3 表示动作发生在过去 并且一直持续到现在 甚至还可能继续下去 句中使用持续性动词 且常有表示一段时间的时间状语 I vebeenanEnglishteacherforabout20years 二 使用现在完成时的句型1 现在完成时 since 点时间状语 名词 短语 从句 其中从句用一般过去时 2 现在完成时 for 段时间状语3 It Thisisthefirst 其他序数词 lasttime that从句中 从句使用现在完成时 现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响 强调的是现在的情况 所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用 一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过 与现在不发生联系 它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用 三 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 Hehasreadthatbook 说明他现在知道那本书的内容 Hereadthatbooklastyear 只说明他去年读过那本书 HehasgonetoAmerica 他现在不在此地 在美国 HewenttoAmerica 只说明他去过美国 四 终止性动词与延续性动词 1 终止性动词 表示短暂的运动状态 不能和表示一段时间的状语连用 常用的动词有 come go start begin leave arrive reach get getup join marry open close give lend borrow finish break see hear notice find understand die等 2 延续性动词 表示长时间的运动状态 能和表示一段时间的状语连用 常用的动词有 live study work teach stay read play fly talk rain eat run等 arrive beherebegin start beondie bedeadcomeback bebackleave beawayfallill sick asleep beill sick asleep getup beupgoout beoutfinish beoverputon wear或beonopen beopenjoin bein或beamemberof close beclosedgotoschool beastudentborrow keepbuy havecatch acold have acold gettoknow knowbegintostudy studycometowork work等 注意 如果现在完成时的谓语动词是结束性动词的否定式 则通常可以和表示一段时间的for短语连用 e g Hehasnotlefthomeforamonth 他已经一个月没有出家门了 Ihaven tseenhimforafewdays 我已经好几天没看见他了 1 Howareyoutoday Oh I asillasIdotodayforaverylongtime A didn tfeelB wasn tfeelingC don tfeelD haven tfelt 2 DavidandVicky married Foraboutthreeyears A HowlonghavebeenB HowlonghavegotC HowlongwerebeingD Howlongdidget 3 Itisthethirdtimeyou latethisweek A hadarrivedB arrivedC havearrivedD arearriving4 Didyouenjoyyourholiday Wonderful Itisyears Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch A afterB whenC beforeD since 5 WhenIwasatcollege I threeforeignlanguages butI allexceptafewwordsofeach A spoke hadforgottenB spoke haveforgottenC hadspoken hadforgottenD hadspoken haveforgotten 6 Where therecorder Ican tseeitanywhere I righthere Butnowit sgone A didyouput haveputB hadyouput wasputtingC haveyouput putD wereyouputting haveput 7 Theprice butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso A wentdownB willgodownC wasgoingdownD hasgonedown8 Theyarediscussingtheproblemthewholeafternoon butthey adecisionsofar A didn treachB won tarriveatC haven tcometoD allabove 9 IhaveboughtanEnglish Chinesedictionary Whenandwhere you it A do buyB did buyC have boughtD had bought 10 Iheardthepeasantshere verypoorinthepast Yes butthere greatchangesinthepastfewyears A were wereB havebeen havebeenC havebeen wereD were havebeen moved Completetheconversation Usethepresettenseoftheverbsinbrackets andfororsincewhereappropriate Mike Hi Kate Kate Hi Mike Mike Ihaven tseenyourbrotherforalongtime he move toanewneighborhood Has Kate No he move toanewcountry He be inAustralia lastyear Mike Australia That sgreatcountry youever be there hasn tmoved has been since Have been Kate No I never be there butI decide togolaterthisyear Mike Great yourbrother send youanyphotos hemovedthere have havede