英语祈使句附练习

1 英英语语祈祈使使句句 Imperative Sentence 一 定义 用于表达命令 请求 劝告 警告 禁止等的句子叫做祈使句 祈使句最常用于表达命令 因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句 祈使句因对象 即主语 是第二人称 所以通常都省略 祈使句的动词都为一般现在时 句末则使 用句号来表示结束 例 Go and wash your hands 去洗你的手 命令 Be quiet please Please be quiet 请安静 请求 Watch your steps 走路小心 警告 Look out Danger 小心 危险 强烈警告 已如 感叹句 Keep off the grass 勿践草坪 禁止 No parking 禁止停车 禁止 祈使句也常把主语 You 表达出来 使对方听起来觉得柔和些 例如 You go and tell him Chris 克立斯去告诉他 二 相关口令 祈使句无主语 主语 you 常省去 动词原形谓语当 句首加 don t 否定变 朗读应当用降调 句末常标感叹号 三 表现形式 1 Do 型型 即 动词原形 宾语 其它成分 Please have a seat here 请这边坐 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下 实义动词可省略 This way please Go this way please 请这边走 2 Be 型型 即 Be 表语 名词或形容词 其它成分 Be a good boy 要做一个好孩子 3 Let 型型 即 Let 宾语 动词原形 其它成分 Let me help you 让我来帮你 4 Sign 型型 no ving 名词 构成公共警示语 用来表示禁止性的祈使句 No smoking 禁止吸烟 No fishing 禁止钓鱼 5 Do 实义动词 be 动词 其他 这里的助动词 do 是用在肯定式谓语动词前起加强祈使的语气的作 用 表示一种强烈的 请求 或 情感 Do look after these things 务必照看这些东西 Do be careful please 请一定当心 四 否定结构 1 Do 型和 Be 型的否定式都是在句首加 don t 构成 Don t forget me 不要忘记我 Don t be late for school 上学不要迟到 2 Let 型的否定式有两种 Don t let 宾语 动词原形 其它成分 Let 宾语 not 动词原形 其它成分 Don t let him go Let him not go 别让他走 let 带带头头的的祈祈使使句句 由 let 带头的祈使句 Imperative Sentences 是个常见的动词句型 它的主要用法有下列三种 1 表示 建议 这个句型里的 let 后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语 如 Let me try Let s do it 这个句型语气委婉 比直接的祈使句客气 试比较下面两句话 a Don t disturb him b Let s not disturb him a 是直接命令 语气强烈 不如 b 温柔悦耳 2 2 表示 间接命令 或 愿望 这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词 如 Let Robert take charge of the marketing department Let her join our choir 3 表示 警告 蔑视 威胁 等 这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主 除了口气凶悍之外 有时还 语带讽刺 如 Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time 注 1 let 的否定句有二 如果宾语是第三人称用 Don t let 如果宾语是第一人称 则用 Let not 见例 10 Don t let this type of things happen again It s raining now Let s not go out until after the rain 2 Let 只适用于现在时态 可以有 被动语态 the passive voice 如 Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted 3 Let 后头除了是不带 to 的不定式动词 The infinitive without to 之外 还可以是某些适当的 副词 如 out in down alone 等 Let the puppy out Open the windows and let the fresh air in The room is too sunny Let the blinds down Let me alone please 4 用 Let s 时 把谈话者的对象包括在内 用 Let us 时 并不包括对方 如 a Let s try it shall we b Let us do it by ourselves will you 从 a 里的 shall we 和 b 里的 will you 不难知道前者包括听话人 后者并没有 祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句的反意疑问句 1 基本原则 若陈述部分为祈使句 反意疑问句通常用 will you won t you would you 等 Mail the letter today will you 今天就把信发掉 好吗 Try to be back by two won t you 设法两点之前回来 好吗 If you want help let me know would you 如果你需要帮助 告诉我 好吗 注 若陈述部分为否定式 则反意疑问句部分只用 will you Don t forget to post the letter will you 请别忘了寄信 有时根据语境的需要 反意疑问句也可以用 can you can t you 等 Give me some cigarettes can you 给我些香烟 可以吗 Walk faster can t you 走快点 不行吗 一般说来 用 will you won t you would you 等构成的反意疑问句语气较委婉 比较 Be quiet will you 请安静 好吗 Be quiet can t you 你不能安静点吗 2 当祈使句为 Let us 时 反意疑问句用 will you 当祈使句为 Let s 时 反意疑问句用 shall we Let s phone her now shall we 我们现在就给她打电话 好吗 Let s go to the cinema tonight shall we 今晚咱们去看电影 好吗 3 祈使句练习祈使句练习 一 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1 It s an important meeting not be late 2 not make any noise Your mother is sleeping 3 not speak with your mouth full of food and be polite 4 not talk and read aloud 5 not leave your homework for tomorrow Larry 6 look out A car is coming 7 give us ten years and just see what our country will be like 8 not let the baby cry 9 Wear more clothes or you catch a cold 10 Let s not say anything about it 二 将以下祈使句改为否定式 1 Come here early 2 Ask him 3 Please wait for her 4 Read the book carefully 5 Sit under the tree please 6 Let s go there together 3 用祈使句表达 翻译成英文 1 请照看好您的包 2 让我们去学校吧 3 亲爱的 高兴点儿 4 不要把书放这儿 5 不要让猫进来 四 单选 1 If you are tired a rest A have B Having C to have D had 2 me go It is very important for me 是对动词的强调 记住在动词前加助动词 A Do let B let do C Doing let D To do let 3 He is not honest believe him A Not B Don t C To not D Not to 4 If you want to stay let me know A will you B shall we C do you D do we 5 Never come late again A will you B won t C do you D does he 6 up early tomorrow or you can t catch the train A Getting B Get C To get D Got 7 in the street It s dangerous A Not play B Not to play C Don t play D Don t to play 8 Please me some money will you A lend B Lending C to lend D be lend 9 The film is about to begin Please seated A be B Are C is D being 10 the boxes You may use them later 4 A Keep B Keeping C To keep D Kept 11 Her doctor said work so hard A Stop B Don t C Can t D No 12 Sindy to be here at 8 o clock A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure 13 when you cross the road A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful 14 him the secret will you A Don t tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling 15 in bed It s bad for your eyes A Not to read B Don t read C Don t to read D Not read 16 Your child We ll look after him A Not to worry about B Don t worry about C Not worry for D Don t worry with 17 They are very tired Why have a rest A not they B do not they C don t they D not to 18 You look rather tired stopping to have a rest All right A Why not B How about C Why not to D why don t 19 tell a lie A Hardly B Not C No D Never 20 Please look outside Look at the blackboard A not B don t C aren t D can t 21 Why don t you join us in the game 考察 why don t you A What not B Why not C Why to D How to 22 go for the book alone Ms Zhang A Let s B Let me C Letus D Allow 23 John read the text for us A does he B will he C do you D will you 24 Let s do it at once A