全新版大学英语第二版综合教程3Unit2..ppt

UNITTWO Civil RightsHeroes TEXTA THEFREEDOMGIVERS Pre readingTasks Global readingTasksWhile readingTasksAfter readingTasks Readtheintroductorypartofthetextandthinkaboutthefollowingquestions In2004acenterinhonorofthe undergroundrailroad opensinCincinnati Therailroadwasunusual Itsoldnoticketsandhadnotrains Yetitcarriedthousandsofpassengerstothedestinationoftheirdreams Pre readingtasks Questions1 Whatisanundergroundrailroadinthenormalsense 2 Whatisthisundergroundrailroadspecialfor 3 Canyouimaginewhatthisrailroadwasbuiltfor 4 Whatprobablyarethedreamsofthepassengers 5 WhatistheconductoroftheUndergroundRailroad 6 WhatisthestationoftheUndergroundRailroad 7 WhatarethepassengersoftheUndergroundRailroad MapReadingReadthefollowingthreemapsandanswerthefollowingquestions MapReading HomePage GameDirections Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Georgia Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada NewHampshire NewJersey NewMexico NewYork NorthCarolina NorthDakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania RhodeIsland SouthCarolina SouthDakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington WestVirginia Wisconsin Wyoming ComingSoon Warm upTimelineofSlavery 1619 SlavesinVirginiaAfricansbroughttoJamestownarethefirstslavesimportedintoBritain sNorthAmericancolonies 1705 SlavesasPropertyDescribingslavesasrealestate Virginialawmakersallowownerstobequeaththeirslaves Thesamelawallowedmastersto killanddestroy runaways 1775 AmericanRevolutionBeginsBattlesattheMassachusettstownsofLexingtonandConcordonApril19sparkthewarforAmericanindependencefromBritain 1776 DeclarationofIndependenceTheContinentalCongressasserts thattheseUnitedColoniesare andofRightoughttobeFreeandIndependentStates 1783 AmericanRevolutionEndsBritainandtheinfantUnitedStatessignthePeaceofParistreaty 1808 UnitedStatesBansSlaveTradeImportingAfricanslavesisoutlawed butsmugglingcontinues 1860 AbrahamLincolnElectedAbrahamLincolnofIllinoisbecomesthefirstRepublicantowintheUnitedStatesPresidency 1861 1865 UnitedStatesCivilWarFouryearsofbrutalconflictclaim623 000lives 1863 EmancipationProclamationPresidentAbrahamLincolndecreesthatallslavesinRebelterritoryarefreeonJanuary1 1863 1865 SlaveryAbolishedThe13thAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitutionoutlawsslavery CulturalNotes TheUndergroundRailroadwasnotunderground Becauseescapingslavesandthepeoplewhohelpedthemweretechnicallybreakingthelaw theyhadtostayoutofsight Theywent underground intermsofconcealingtheiractions Sometimestheyevenhidinunusualplaces Manycleverandcreativeideashelpedslavesduringtheirescape Whenabolitionist 废奴主义者 JohnFairfieldneededtosneak 偷偷摸摸地进行 28slavesovertheroadsnearCincinnati hehiredahearse 灵车 anddisguisedthegroupasafuneralprocession Henry Box Brown aslave hadhimselfshippedfromRichmondtoPhiladelphiainawoodenbox MartinLutherKing UncleTom sCabin CulturalNotes Christian 1 Quaker 贵格会教徒 公谊会教徒 anymemberoftheSocietyofFriends 公谊会 areligiousgroupestablishedinEnglandinthe1650sbyGeorgefox QuakersworshipChristwithoutanyformalceremonyorfixedbeliefs andtheirmeetingofteninvolvesilentthoughtorprayer Theyarestronglyopposedtoviolenceandwar andareactiveineducationandcharitywork Christian 2 Methodist 卫理公会派教徒 循道宗信徒 amemberoftheMethodistChurch thelargestoftheProtestant 新教徒 FreeChurchesinBritainandtheUS Itemphasizedtheimportanceofmoralissues bothpersonalandsocial Christian 3 Moses 摩西 oneofthecharactersintheBible wholedtheJewishpeopleoutoftheslaveryinEgyptandtothePromisedLand 福地 乐土 Bethlehem 柏利恒 afamousoldcityinPalestine 巴勒斯坦 andaholycity 圣地 forChristians 1 PartDivision2 TextAnalysis3 NewwordsExplanation 惯用法 扩展词汇 例句 Partone paras1 5 MainideaItishightimetohonortheheroeswhohelpedliberateslavesbyforgingtheUndergroundRailroadintheearlycivil rightsstrugglesinAmerica Parttwo paras6 23 MainideaBycitingexamplestheauthorpraisestheexploitsofcivil rightsheroeswhohelpedslavestraveltheUndergroundRailroadtofreedom TextAnalysis Inthispart theauthortellsthestoriesofthreecivil rightsheroes Whoarethey Givethemainideaofeachstory Thethreestoriesarechosenbecausetheyarerepresentativeofallparticipantsinthismovement Inthiswaytheauthorachievecoherenceofthetext 1 Afterwinninghisownfreedomfromslavery JohnParkerhelpedotherslavestoescapenorthtoCanadatogetfreedom lines32 57 2 Supportedbyastrongreligiousconviction thewhitemanLeviCoffinhelpedblackslavestoescapeathugerisk 58 86 3 BytravelingtheUndergroundRailroad JosiahHensonreachedhisdestinationandbecamefreeatlast 87 114 Directspeechismoreconvincingthanindirectspeech especiallywhenitcomestoexpressingpersonalbeliefs Onotheroccasion directspeechmakesastorymorevivid WordStudy 1 breeze n agentlewind凉爽清新的微风acool refreshingbreezeAllofthefollowingwordsarerelatedtowind Canyoumatchthemwiththeirdefinitions 2 CF slender thin slim这几个词都有细小 瘦弱之意 slender主要表示苗条之瘦 往往含有瘦得好看或匀称的意思 例如 FilmactressZhangZiyiisaslenderwoman 电影演员章子怡身材苗条 thin表示人或物的直径与长度的比例较小 例如 Peopleusuallygetthinnerafteranillness 生病后 人们通常变得瘦一些 slim用于指人与动物时 其含义与slender相同 但在引申意义上却侧重于贫乏和不足状态 例如 Asaslimboy hehasnowfilledout 他原是一个清瘦的男孩 现在胖多了 Totellyouthetruth yourchancestopasstheexamaretooslim 实话告诉你 你考试过关的希望实在是太小了 3 beconfidentthat 麦克儿相信他能被哈佛大学录取 MichaelwasconfidentthathewouldbeenrolledbyHarvardUniversity beconfidentof 足球队非常有信心能赢得这场重要的比赛 Thesoccerteamisquiteconfidentofbeingabletowinthisimportantgame beconfidentabout 对机器越熟悉 对使用它就越有信心 Themorefamiliaryouarewiththismachine themoreconfidentyouwillbeaboutusingit 4 racial adj relatingtoaperson srace ortodifferentracesofpeople种族的ThereisaseriousracialconflictinthatAfricancountry 他是种族歧视的牺牲者 Hewasavictimofracialdiscrimination racialist种族主义者 5 principle aruleorstandard especiallyofgoodbehavior原则违反原则againstone sprinciple作为原则性问题asamatterofprinciple按照原则 根据原则byprinciple有原则的ofprinciple 坚持原则adheretoone sprinciples抛弃原则abandonone sprinciples 6 forge v 1 createbymeansofmuchhardwork 靠艰苦工作 建立他们和法国共产党建立了联系 TheyforgedlinkswiththeFrenchCommunistParty 2 makeaforgeryorcounterfeit伪造 假冒Hegotthemoneydishonestly byforginghisbrother ssignatureonacheck 伪造签名forgeasignature 7 liberate vt setfree解放Pattern liberatesb sth fromsth liberatepeoplefrompoverty解除心中偏见liberatethemindfromprejudicen Liberationn LibertyTheStatueofLiberty 8 authorize vt giveapprovalorpermissionfor sth giveauthorityto批准 委托主任允许我们在实验室工作 Thedirectorauthorizedustoworkinthelaboratory AuthorizeMoneytodosth 中央政府批准拨款200亿美元建造新的大坝用来水力发电 Thecentralgovernmentauthorized 200billiontoconstructnewdamstogeneratehydro electricpower BeAuthorizedtodosth 他被授权发表下列声明Hewasauthorizedtoissuethefollowingstatement anauthorizedagent指定的代理人 authority haveauthorityover 对 有权利supremeinauthority权利无上的bytheauthorityof蒙 的许可anacademicauthority学术权威 authorities当局 官方 authoritiesconcerned有关当局themilitaryauthorities军事当局 9 exploit 1 n braveoradventurousdeedoraction usu pl 功绩 业绩歌颂某人的功绩singsb sexploits他的战功使我感到惊异 Hismilitaryexploitsamazedme 2 vt 读音发生变化 1 employtothegreatestpossibleadvantage开发 利用 开采充分发挥某人的才能exploitone stalentstoexploittheoilunderthesea2 剥削这家公司用工时长 工资低的方法来剥削工人 Thecompanyexploiteditsworkerswithlonghoursandlowpay n exploitation 10 Beintentonsth doingsth beeageranddeterminedto dosth 他在学业上很专心He sintentonhisstudies 他一心一意要去法国 HeisintentongoingtoFrance 11 peer lookcloselyorcarefully esp asifunabletoseewell followedbyat through into etc 凝视 盯着看e g Shepeeredthroughthemist tryingtofindtherightpath Hepeeredatmeoverthetopofhisglasses Hepeeredintohisparents roomandfoundtheywerequarrelling Short sightedpeopleoftenpeeratotherswhentheyarewearingnoglasses 近视眼的人不戴眼镜时常常眯着眼看人 peer gaze stare这三个词都是动词 都有注视 凝视之意 peer通常指半闭着眼睛看 并伴随着向前移动 含有好奇地看或难以看清的意味 Thesleepyfathergotupandpeeredthroughacrackinthedoortoseewhoknockedatthedoor 还未睡醒的父亲起了床 透过门缝眯着眼看是谁在敲门 gaze指持久不停地看 通常有惊奇 羡慕 感叹等含义 例如 Allofusgazedatthebeautifulviewinthedistance stare指出于好奇 惊讶 茫然或赞叹等原因而瞪大眼睛长时间 直接地注视 例如Thewomanstaredatthestrangerinastonishment 那个女人吃惊地盯着陌生人 Itisveryimpolitetostareatotherpeople 死死盯着他人是极不礼貌的 12 Ontheside 一些老师不得不找做兼职挣钱的途径 Someteachershavetofindwaysofmakingsomemoneyontheside 他虽有妻室 但暗地里还有一个女朋友 He smarriedbuthehasagirlfriendontheside 13 conviction n firmopinionorbelief坚定的看法或信仰她坚信她是对的 Shehadafirmconvictionthatshewasright Collocation alifelongconviction终身的信仰politicalconviction政治信念strengthen deepenone sconvictionthat 增强 加深某人的信念 14 Closeinon around 当苏联军队包围柏林时 希特勒自杀了 HitlercommittedsuicideasSovietforceswereclosinginonBerlin 15 Imposefineson 当地政府对于那些将未处理的污水倒入河里的工厂要克以罚金 Thelocalgovernmenttriedtoimposefinesonthefactorieswhichpoureduntreatedwasteintotheriver imposeduties taxesonsth 对 强加征税 Imposesth onsb 我不想把我的宗教信仰强加于任何人 Iwouldn twanttoimposemyreligiousconvictiononanyone 对于父母而言将自己的兴趣强加于孩子是不明智的 Itmaynotbewiseforparentstoimposetheirowninterestsontheirchildren 16 makethebestof acceptanunsatisfactorysituationcheerfulandtrytomanageaswellasyoucan 对不满意的条件 欣然接受 充分利用 尽量利用 善用 Makethebestof 我知道天气又冷又下雨 但我们现在到这儿了 就认命吧 Iknowit scoldandrainingbutwe reherenow solet sjustmakethebestofit Makethebestof 村子里的生活条件很差 但我们只能认命了 Thelivingconditionsinthevillagewereverypoor butwehadtomakethebestofit 17 disguise 1 givesb sth afalseappearance假扮 伪装pattern disguisesb sth as e g 木兰女扮男装 所以她可以在战场上战斗 Mulandisguisedherselfasamansoshecouldfightonthebattlefield Hedisguisedhimselfasawoman 18 Beatriskof 据报道西部的一些地区正面临着沙漠化的极大危险 Itisreportedthatsomeareasinthewestareathighriskofdesertification takearisk takerisksatallrisks atanyrisk无论冒什么危险 无论如何 19starve vt causetosufferordiefromgreathunger 使 挨饿 使 饿死Theytriedtostarvethearmyintosurrender starvationn pattern starvefor bestarvedof渴望 急需偏远地区辍学的儿童渴望上学 Thedrop outchildrenintheremoteareastarveforschooling 20 intheeyesof intheopinionof inone sopinione g Intheeyesofstudents Richardisasensibleandreliableteacher Intheeyeofmyparents I mstillayoungpersonalthoughIamalreadyinmythirties Inherfather seye shecoulddonowrong 21 passfor appearlike beacceptedorlookuponas sameaspassas 看上去像 被看作 被当作他英语讲的如此好以至于被当作是美国人 HespeaksAmericanEnglishwellenoughtopassforanAmerican 他被认为是个医生 Hepassesforadoctor 他被误认为是个有学问的人 Hepassesforalearnedman While reading Languagepoints IhadtraveledheretoHenson slasthome nowa lines15 WhywasHensoncalledanAfrican AmericanMoses Henson ablackwholivedinAmerica helpedotherblacksescapefromtheUS JosiahHensonisbutonenameonalong lines21 23 Whatisthepartofspeechofbutinthissentence Andwhatdoesbutmean Herebutisanadverb whichmeans only Eventuallyhesavedenoughmoneyworkingatthistradeonthesidetobuyhisfreedom lines40 TranslatethesentenceintoChinese 后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由 InKentucky wherehewasnowheaded therewasa 1000rewardforhiscapture deadoralive lines44 Paraphrasethesentence InKentucky anyonewhocapturedhim nomatterhewasdeadoralive wouldberewarded 1000andnowhewasgoingtoKentucky Therewasroomforallbuttwo lines50 Whatdoesbutmean Whatisthepartofspeechofbutinthissentence Herebutisanpreposition whichmeans except TheothersmadeittotheOhioshore whereParkerhurriedlyarrangedforawagontotakethem lines54 1 Whatdoesmadeitmean Makeitmeans succeedindoingsomething Heremadeitmeans arrived attheOhioshore 2 Whatdoeslegmean Legmeans astageofajourneyorcourse Forexample thelastlegoftheflight 飞行中的最后一段路程 Hensonworkeddiligentlyandrosefarinhisowner sregard line92 Paraphrase rosefarinhisowner sregard Hewasregardedhighlybyhisowner After reading Usefulexpressions 1 微风轻拂Agentlebreezesweeps 2 前往Walktoward3 打算让某人做某事Intendsbtodosth4 不仅仅Bemorethan 5 对某人的挚爱Devotiontosb6 家庭荣誉Familyhonor7 具有讽刺意义的是ironically8 支持 Standupfor 9 奋起力争Standupforoneself 10 有原则的人Amanofprinciple11 历史遗迹Historicsite12 在许多方面Inmanyways13 一个更繁重的使命Alargermission14 勇敢的男女们Courageousmenandwomen 15 建立地下铁路ForgetheUndergroundRailroad16 秘密网络Asecretweb17 解放奴隶Liberateslaves18 批准 委托authorize 19 民权斗争Civil rightsstruggle20 定与 被安排 在某时 Bescheduledto21 坚决做某事Beintentondoingsth Usefulexpressions 1 铸铁Ironmolding2 做兼职Ontheside3 阴冷的夜晚Chillynight4 丧魂落魄Befrozenwithfear 5 团团围住Closeinaround6 在某人有生之年Overthecourseofone slife7 被 激发Bemotivatedby 8 被