unit 5 African Americans.ppt

Unit5TheAfricanAmericans SectionC Post readingQuestions HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheAfricanAmericansindifferentfieldsofAmericansociety e g political sports literature entertainment etc ToniMorrison 1931 anAmericannovelist editor andprofessor Hernovelsareknownfortheirepicthemes vividdialogue andrichlydetailedcharacters Herthemes TheterrorandtraumaofracialoppressionThecomplexbehavioroflivingundergenderandracialconflictsThepsychologyofsurvival NobelPrizeinLiterature1993 thefirstblackwomantowinit MagicRealism Novels TheBluestEye 1970 Sula 1973 SongofSolomon 1977 NationalBookCriticsCircleAwardTarBaby 1981 Beloved 1987 PulitzerPrize AmericanBookAwardJazz 1992 Paradise 1997 Love 2003 AMercy 2008 Home 2012 GodHelptheChild 2015 TheBluestEye 1970 ItisMorrison sfirstnovelandwaswrittenwhileshewasteachingatHowardUniversityandraisinghertwosonsonherown ThestoryisaboutayearinthelifeofayoungblackgirlnamedPecolawhodevelopsaninferioritycomplexduetohereyecolorandskinappearance IttakesplaceagainstthebackdropofAmerica sMidwestaswellasintheyearsfollowingtheGreatDepression TheBluestEyeistoldfromtheperspectiveofClaudiaMacTeerasachildandanadult aswellasfromathirdpersonomniscientviewpoint Becauseofthecontroversialnatureofthebook whichdealswithracism incest andchildmolestation therehavebeennumerousattemptstobanitfromschoolsandlibraries ClaudiaandFriedaMacTeerliveinOhiowiththeirparents TheMacTeerfamilytakestwootherpeopleintotheirhome Mr HenryandPecola Pecolaisatroubledyounggirlwithahardlife Herparentsareconstantlyfighting bothphysicallyandverbally Pecolaiscontinuallybeingtoldandremindedofwhatan ugly girlsheis thusfuelingherdesiretobeagirlwithblueeyes ThroughoutthenovelitisrevealedthatnotonlyhasPecolahadalifefullofhatredandhardships butherparentshaveaswell Pecola smother Paulineonlyfeelsaliveandhappywhensheisworkingforarichwhitefamily Herfather Cholly isadrunkwhowasleftwithhisauntwhenhewasyoungandranawaytofindhisfather whowantednothingtodowithhim BothPaulineandChollyeventuallylostthelovetheyoncehadforoneanother WhilePecolaisdoingdishes herfatherrapesher Hismotivesareunclearandconfusing seeminglyacombinationofbothloveandhate ChollyfleesafterthesecondtimeherapesPecola leavingherpregnant IntheendPecola schildisbornprematurelyanddies ClaudiaandFriedagiveupthemoneytheyhadbeensavingandplantflowerseedsinhopesthatiftheflowersbloom Pecola sbabywilllive themarigoldsneverbloom ThetitleTheBluestEyeisbasedonPecola sferventwishesforbeautifulblueeyes Herinsanityattheendofthenovelisheronlywaytoescapetheworldwhereshecannotbebeautifulandtogettheblueeyesshedesiresfromthebeginningofthenovel SongofSolomon 1977 ThisbookwontheNationalBooksCriticsAward waschosenforOprahWinfrey spopularbookclub andwascitedbytheSwedishAcademyinawardingMorrisonthe1993NobelPrizeinliterature In1998 theRadcliffePublishingCoursenameditthe25thbestEnglish languagenovelofthe20thcentury ItfollowsthelifeofMacon Milkman DeadIII anAfrican AmericanmalelivinginMichigan frombirthtoadulthood BorninMichiganin1931bymiraculousmeans Milkmanisagiftedchilduntilhelearnsattheageoffourthathumanscannotfly Changedbythisrevelation hegrowsupaspoiled self centeredchild Tornbetweenthemagical spiritualworldofhisfather ssister Pilate andthatofhisgreedyproperty owningfatherMaconDead MilkmanfollowsinthefootstepsofhisfatherandbecomesMacon sassistant Burdenedbyhisparents unspeakableconfidencesandtroubledbyhislovelesshousehold heseekssolaceathisAuntPilate sandbyspendingtimewithhisbestfriend GuitarBains Livingaspoiled infantileexistenceuntiltheageof31 Milkman ssolereasonforbeingistoseekpleasure Aftera14 yearrelationshipwithPilate sgranddaughter Hagar Milkmandecidestoendit Hagarrepeatedlytriestokillhim GuitarfurthercomplicatesMilkman slifewhenheconfessestoMilkmanthatheisamemberofaradicalorganization theSevenDays thatavengesthedeathsofinnocentblacksbyrandomlykillingwhites Lackingasocialconsciousnessandfedupwiththeseriousnessoflife Milkmandecidesheneedstoseparatehimselffromhisoppressiveworldbytraveling WhenMaconsuggeststhatMilkmanstealasackofgoldfromPilate shouse Milkmanseesthegoldasawaytofinancehistripandfinallybeindependent MacontellsMilkmanthatthegoldisdiscoveredfromacavewhereheandPilatelivedinthecaveforseveraldaysaftertheirfatherwasmurderedbyawhitefamilywhowantedtheDeadproperty Pilateargueditwasmorallywrongtokeepit ButMaconbelievesPilatewentbacktothecavetoretrievethegold Withoutexpressinganyconcernforthemoralityofhisactions MilkmanagreestostealthegoldwiththehelpofGuitar whowantsthemoneytofinancehisorganization Afterstealingthesack theydiscoveredthereisnogold onlythebonesofthewhitemanMaconkilledinthecave thebonesthattheghostofMaconDeadItoldPilatetogobackandretrievebecause Youjustcan tflyonoffandleaveabody MaconsuggeststhatthegoldmuststillbeinthecaveandMilkmanagreestosearchthecaveforthegold LaterheconcludesthatthebonesinPilate ssackmustbethoseofPilate sfather Lessinterestedinhisfamilyhistorytheninfindingthegold Milkmanproceedstothebirthplaceofhispaternalgrandparents Intheall blacktown hefindsthemenhostiletowardhisurbanmannersMilkmanreflectsonhismistreatmentofhisfamily andofPilateandHagar anddevelopsasocialconsciousness Whileinthewoods Guitar whobelievesMilkmanhaskeptthegoldforhimself unsuccessfullytriestokillMilkman Nolongerinterestedingold Milkmanresolvestosearchforhisfamilynameandhistory Ultimately MilkmanrealizestheSolomonthatthechildrensingintheirsongisMilkman spaternalgreat grandfather hereturnshometoMichigantosharetheinformationwithhisfamily UponMilkman sarrival hediscoversthatHagarhaskilledherself Remorseful andtakingresponsibilityforsomethingforthefirsttimeinhislife MilkmantakesagrievingPilatetoburyherfather sbonesatSolomon sLeap nearhisbirthplace Aftertheburial Guitarappears andinthedarknessaccidentlyshootsPilatedead AsMilkmanmakesoutGuitar sfigureonadistantrock heleapsfromthecliffheisstandingonandfliesintotheairtowardGuitar sarms Beloved 1987 PulitzerPrizeforFiction1988NationalBookAward1987TheNewYorkTimes thebestworkofAmericanfictionfrom1981to2006TimeMagazine TIME100BestEnglish languageNovelsfrom1923to2005 SetaftertheAmericanCivilWar itisinspiredbythestoryofanAfrican Americanslave MargaretGarner whotemporarilyescapedslaveryduring1856inKentuckybyfleeingtoOhio afreestate ApossearrivedtoretrieveherandherchildrenundertheFugitiveSlaveActof1850 whichgaveslaveownerstherighttopursueslavesacrossstateborders Margaretkilledhertwo year olddaughterratherthanallowhertoberecaptured Beloved smaincharacter Sethe s killsherdaughterandtriestokillherotherthreechildrenwhenapossearrivesinOhiotoreturnthemtoSweetHome theKentuckyplantationfromwhichSetherecentlyfled Awomanpresumedtobeherdaughter calledBeloved returnsyearslatertohauntSethe shome Thebook sdedicationreads SixtyMillionandmore dedicatedtotheAfricansandtheirdescendantswhodiedasaresultoftheAtlanticslavetrade ShirleyTemple 1928 2014 anAmericanfilmandtelevisionactress singer dancerandpublicservant mostfamousasHollywood snumberonebox officestarfrom1935through1938 Asanadult sheenteredpoliticsandbecameadiplomat servingasUnitedStatesAmbassadortoGhanaandlatertoCzechoslovakia 捷克 andasChiefofProtocoloftheUnitedStates Templebeganherfilmcareerin1932attheageofthree In1934 shefoundedinternationalfameinBrightEyes afeaturefilmdesignedspecificallyforhertalents ShereceivedaspecialJuvenileAcademyAwardin1935forheroutstandingcontributionasajuvenileperformertomotionpicturesduring1934 andfilmhitssuchasCurlyTopandHeidifollowedyearafteryearduringthemid to late1930s Licensedmerchandisethatcapitalizedonherwholesomeimageincludeddolls dishesandclothing Sheretiredcompletelyfromfilmsin1950attheageof22 Shewasthetopbox officedrawinHollywoodforfouryearsinarow 1935 38 inaMotionPictureHeraldpoll SectionA Post readingQuestions 1 NametheeventstheAfricanAmericansexperiencedleadingtotheinaugurationofBarackObamaasthePresidentofUSA 2 NamesomeeventsinAmericanhistorysetbacktheprogressoftheAfricanAmericans 3 Namethestylistcharacteristicsofthisessay BarackObama 1961 BornBarackHusseinObamaIIAugust4 1961Honolulu HawaiiPoliticalpartyDemocraticSpouseMichelleRobinson m 1992 present ChildrenMaliaObama daughter SashaObama daughter ReligionChristianitySignatureWebsite ObamaisagraduateofColumbiaUniversityandHarvardLawSchool whereheservedaspresidentoftheHarvardLawReview HewasacommunityorganizerinChicagobeforeearninghislawdegree HeworkedasacivilrightsattorneyandtaughtconstitutionallawattheUniversityofChicagoLawSchoolfrom1992to2004 Heservedthreetermsrepresentingthe13thDistrictintheIllinoisSenatefrom1997to2004 runningunsuccessfullyfortheUnitedStatesHouseofRepresentativesin2000 13thamendmenttoUSConstitution wasratifiedonDecember18 1865duringReconstruction abolishedslaveryandinvoluntaryservitude exceptaspunishmentforacrime Alongwiththe14thamendmentandthe15thamendment itisoneofthethreeReconstructionamendments JackJohnson 1878 1946 AmericanboxerthefirstAfricanAmericanworldheavyweightboxingchampion 1908 1915 Duringhisboxingcareer JackJohnsonfought114fights winning80matches 45byknockoutsAlioftenspokeofhowhewasinfluencedbyJackJohnson In2002 scholarMolefiKeteAsantelistedJackJohnsononhislistof100GreatestAfricanAmericans LincolnMemorial anAmericannationalmonumentbuilttohonorthe16thPresidentoftheUnitedStates AbrahamLincoln islocatedonthewesternendoftheNationalMallinWashington D C acrossfromtheWashingtonMonument Dedicatedin1922 itisoneofseveralmonumentsbuilttohonoranAmericanpresident Ithasalwaysbeenamajortouristattractionandsincethe1930shasbeenasymboliccenterfocusedonracerelations Thememorialhasbeenthesiteofmanyfamousspeeches includingMartinLutherKing s IHaveaDream speech deliveredonAugust28 1963Approximately6millionpeoplevisitthememorialannually KuKluxKlan orsimply theKlan isthenameofthreedistinctmovementsintheUnitedStates ThefirstbeganviolenceagainstAfricanAmericansintheSouthduringtheReconstructionEraofthe1860s andwasdisbandedby1869 Thesecondwasaverylarge controversial nationwideorganizationinthe1920s ThethirdKKKemergedafter1950andwasassociatedwithopposingtheCivilRightsMovementandprogressamongminorities ThesecondandthirdincarnationsoftheKuKluxKlanmadefrequentreferencetotheAmerica s Anglo Saxon bloodTheyhaveallemphasizedracism secrecyanddistinctivecostumes AllhavecalledforpurificationofAmericansociety andallareconsideredpartofright wingextremism ThoughmostmembersoftheKKKsawthemselvesasholdingtoAmericanvaluesandChristianmorality virtuallyeveryChristiandenominationofficiallydenouncedtheKuKluxKlan JohnMcCain 1936 seniorUnitedStatesSenatorfromArizona theRepublicanpresidentialnomineeinthe2008UnitedStatespresidentialelectionMcCainfollowedhisfatherandgrandfather bothfour staradmirals intotheUnitedStatesNavy graduatingfromtheU S NavalAcademyin1958 wasanavalaviatorFoughtinVietnamWar capturedin1967andwasaprisonerofwaruntil1973 SectionB MartinLutherKing Jr 1929 1968 AmericanBaptistminister activist humanitarian andleaderintheAfrican AmericanCivilRightsMovement HeisbestknownforhisroleintheadvancementofcivilrightsusingnonviolentcivildisobediencebasedonhisChristianbeliefs 1964 KingreceivedtheNobelPeacePrizeforcombatingracialinequalitythroughnonviolence Inthefinalyearsofhislife KingexpandedhisfocustoincludepovertyandspeakagainsttheVietnamWarIn1968 KingwasplanninganationaloccupationofWashington D C tobecalledthePoorPeople sCampaign whenhewasassassinatedonApril4inMemphis Tennessee KingwasposthumouslyawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomandtheCongressionalGoldMedal MartinLutherKingJr Daywasestablishedasaholidayinnumerouscitiesandstatesbeginningin1971 andasaU S federalholidayin1986 HundredsofstreetsintheU S havebeenrenamedinhishonor andacountyinWashingtonStatewasalsorenamedforhim TheMartinLutherKingMemorialstatueontheNationalMallinWashington D C wasdedicatedin2011 MichaelJordan 1963 Heplayed15seasonsintheNationalBasketballAssociation NBA fo