直接引语变间接引语的转换

直接引语变间接引语的转换直接引语变间接引语的转换 一 如何变人称 一 如何变人称 口诀 一随主 二随宾 第三人称不更新 一随主 是指在直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰 从句中的人 称要按照主句中主语的人称变化 如 She said My brother wants to go with me She said her brother wanted to go with her 二随宾 是指直接引语变间接引语时 若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称 或被第二人称所修饰 从句中 的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致 如果引号外的主句没有宾语 也可以用第一人称 如 He said to Kate How is your sister now He asked Kate how her sister was then 第三人称不更新 是指直接引语变间接引语时 如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰 从句中的人称一般不需要变化 如 Mr Smith said Jack is a good worker Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker 二 时态的变化 二 时态的变化 如果引述动词为现在时态 间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态 He says I have been writing a novel He says that he has been writing a novel He says that s all right He says that s all right 如果引述动词为过去时态 间接引语中的时间就要往后推 即现在时间推至过去时间 过去时间推至 过去的过去 将来时间推至过去将来时间 具体变化见下表 直接引语时态间接引语时态 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 现在完成进行时过去完成进行时 一般过去时过去完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 一般将来时过去将来时 Can mayCould might She said I am a student She said that she was a student 一般现在时变成一般过去时一般现在时变成一般过去时 She said He will go to see his friend She said he would go to see his friend 一般将来时变成过去将来一般将来时变成过去将来 时时 Tom said I am going to play basketball tomorrow The teacher said You are doing OK 老师说 你们干得很不错 The teacher said we were doing OK 老师说我们干得很不错 现在进行时变为过去进行时 现在进行时变为过去进行时 She said I am reading a book I asked her Where have you spent your holiday 我问她 你去哪里度假了 I asked her where she had spent her holiday 我问她去哪里度假了 现在完成时变为过去完成时 现在完成时变为过去完成时 She said I went to Shanghai 她说 我去过上海 She said that she had gone to Shanghai 她说她去过上海 过去时变为过去完成时 过去时变为过去完成时 He said I had finished my work before 10 o clock 他说 我在十点钟前就完成工作了 He said that he had finished his work before 10 o clock 他说他在十点钟前就完成工作了 过去完成时不变 过去完成时不变 注意以下几种情况 时态不变注意以下几种情况 时态不变 1 直接引语是客观真理 The teacher said The earth moves around the sun The teacher said the earth moves around the sun 2 直接引语是过去进行时 时态不变 Jack said I was doing chores when Tom came in Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came in 3 直接引语中有具体的过去的某年某月某日 变间接引语时 时态不变 Jack said I was born on April 21 1980 Jack said he was born on April 21 1980 4 直接引语是一般现在时 表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作时 变间接引语 时态不变 He said I get up at six every morning He said he gets up at six every morning 5 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式或已经是过去时的形式 不用变 The doctor said You should stay in bed for 2 days The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days 三 如何变状语 三 如何变状语 时间状语由时间状语由 现在现在 变为变为 原来原来 直 接 引 语间 接 引 语 now 现在then 那时 today 今天that day 那天 this evening 今晚that evening 那天晚上 yesterday 昨天the day before 前一天 yesterday morning 昨天上午the morning before 前一天上午 last night 昨天晚上the night before 前一天晚上 two days ago 两天前two days before 两天前 next week 下周the next week the following week 第二周 tomorrow 明天the next day the following day 第二天 the day before yesterday 前天two days before 两天前 the day after tomorrow 后天in two days time two days after 两天后 地点状语地点状语 here 变为变为 there We ll leave here tomorrow he said 他说 我们明天离开这里 He said that they would leave there the next day 他说他们将在第二天离开那里 指示代词由指示代词由 此此 变为变为 彼彼 this that these those He said This book is mine He said that book was his 动词动词 come 变成变成 go 四 如何变换句型 四 如何变换句型 1 陈述句变为以 that 引导的宾语从句 that 可以省略 如 He said I m happy He said that he was happy 2 一般疑问句 反义疑问句 选择疑问句变为由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句 翻译成 是否 如 He asked me Does his father know Mr Green He asked me if his father knew Mr Green 3 特殊疑问句变为由 who what where how 等疑问词 连接代词或连接副词 引导的宾语从句 宾语从句必须用陈述语序 如 He asked me Where is Mr Wang He asked me where Mr Wang was 注 He asked me Which is the best She asked me What is in the classroom 4 直接引语如果是祈使句 间接引语改为 tell ask order sb not to do sth 句型 表示命令 如 Don t make any noise the teacher said to the students The teacher told the students not to make any noise Open the door please she said She asked him to open the door 5 直接引语如果是 Let s 开头的祈使句 变为用 suggest doing 或 从句 如 He said Let s go to the movies He suggested going to the movies 或 He suggested that they should go to see the movies 练习一 1 I don t know he will come tomorrow he comes I ll tell you A if Whether B whether Whether C if That D if If 2 I don t know the day after tomorrow A when does he come B how will he come C if he comes D whether he ll come 3 Could you tell me the nearest hospital is A what B how C whether D where 4 Could you tell me the radio without any help A how did he mend B what did he mend C how he mended D what he mended 5 I want to know A whom is she looking after B whom she is lookingC whom is she looking D whom she is looking after 6 Do you know where now A he lives B does he live C he lived D did he live 7 Do you know what time A the train leave B does the train leave C will the train leave D the train leaves 8 I don t know Can you tell me please A how the two players are old B how old are the two players C the two players are how old D how old the two players are 9 The small children don t know A what is their stockings in B what is in their stockings C where is their stockings in D what in their stockings 10 I can t understand A what does Christmas mean B what Christmas does mean C what mean Christmas does D what Christmas means 1 The girls asked if they some food and drink with them A took B take C takes D will take 2 Catherine said that she to Guangzhou A has never gone B had never gone C has never been D had never been 3 The students want to know whether they dictionary today A had B has C will have D are 4 She asked Linda if go and get some A could she B she could C she can D she may 5 Linda said the moon round the earth A travelled B has travelled C travells D had travelled 习题 二 1 Can you tell me you were born Betty A who B what C when D that 2 I don t know they have passed the exam A what B if C when D where 3 I hardly understand he has told me A that B what C which D who 4 She didn t know back soon A whether he would be B if would he be C he will be 5 I don t know he still lives here after so many years A whether B where C what D when 6 Do you know they listened to yesterday evening A what B when C why D how 7 He asked me told me the accident A whom B which C who D whose 习题 三 1 They don t know their parents are A that B what C why D which 2 Please tell me what last year A where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked 3 She asked me if I knew A whose pen is it B whose pen it was C whose pen it is D whose pen was it 4 You must remember A what your mother said B what did your mother say C your mother said what D what has your mother said 5 Did you know A who he was looking after B who was he looking for C who he is looking for D who he is looking after 6 Could you tell me A when will they leave Beijing B when would they leave Beijing C when they will leave Beijing D when did they leave Beijing 习题 四 1 In the bookshop a reader asked the shop keeper Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book A that B how C what D if 2 I don t know Mr Green will come to see us He will help us with our English 杭州市 A why B when C how D where 3 We never know the old man is They say he is a teacher 鄂州市 A what B who C which D where 4 I was told Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers 重庆市 A that how B how that C when that D that when 5 Do you know I m going to see him Sorry I don t know 北京市海淀区 A where does Mr Li live B where did Mr Li live C where Mr Li lives D where Mr Li lived 6 W here do you think he the computer Sorry I have no idea 南京市 A bought B has bought C did buy D does buy 7 I don t feel very well Mum asked me this morning 重庆市 A what the matter is B what is wrong C what the matter was D what wrong was 8 Where is Jack He is away to spend his holiday He s gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan but I m not sure 南昌市 A that B which C where D there 单项选择 1 The girls asked if they some food and drink with them A took B take C takes D will take 2 Catherine said that she to Guangzhou A has never gone B had never gone C has never been D had never been 3 The students want to know whether they dictation today A had B has C will have D are 4 She asked Linda if go and get some A could she B she could C she can D she may 5 Linda said the moon round the earth A travelled B has travelled C travells D had travelled 6 Can you tell me you were born Betty A who B what C when D that 7 I don t know they have passed the exam A what B if C when D where 8 I hardly understand he has told me A that B what C which D who 9 She didn t know back soon A whether he would be B if would he be C he will be D if he will come 10 I don t know he still lives here after so many years A whether B where C what D when 11 Do you know they listened to yesterday evening A what B when C why D how 12 He asked me told me the accident A whom B which C who D whose 13 They don t know their parents are A that B what C why D which 14 Please tell me what last year A where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked 15 She asked me if I knew A whose pen is it B whose pen it was C whose pen it is D whose pen was it 16 You must remember A what your mother said B what did your mother say C your mother said what D what has your mother said 17 Did you know A who he was looking after B who was he looking for C who he is looking for D who he is looking after 18 Could you tell me A when will they leave Beijing B when would they leave Beijing C when they will leave Beijing D when did they leave Beijing 19 Could you tell me A where do you live B who you are waiting for C who were you waiting for D where you live in 20 I want to know how long A has he been back B has he come back C he has been back D he has come back 21 Do you know A what the news are B what is the news C what the news is D what are the news 22 I don t know up so early last Sunday A why did he get B why he gets C why does he get D why he got 23 He said there was going to be a meeting that evening A what B if C that D how 按要求转换句型 1 Does Mr Brown enjoy living in China Could you tell us 改写句子 Could you tell us Mr Brown living in China 2 Does the girl need any help he asked me 变为复合句 He asked me the girl some help 3 Jim is not a student Tom is not a student either 合并为一个句子 Jim Tom is a student 4 When does the train leave I want to know 改为含宾语从句的复合句 I want to know the train 5 They went home after they had finished their homework 用 not until 改写 They go home they had finished their homework 6 Did Peter come here yesterday Li Lei wants to know 改为含宾语从句的复合句 Li Lei wants to know Peter here yesterday 1 How does he get on with his new classmates Could you tell me 改为含有宾语从句的复合句 Could you tell me how on with his new classmates 2 What is he doing there Mother didn t know 改为含