现代大学英语精读四ppt课件.ppt

ADrinkinthePassage AuthorAlanPaton 1903 1988 AlanPatonwasborninPietermaritzburg SouthAfrica HestartedhiscareerbyteachingataschoolinIxopo Thedramaticcareerchangetodirectorofareformatory 管教所 forblackyouthsatDiepkloof nearJohannesburg hadaprofoundeffectonhisthinking ThepublicationofCry theBelovedCountry 1948 madehimoneofSouthAfrica sbestknownwriters andbythetimehedied ithadsoldover15millioncopies Followinghisnon racialideals hehelpedtofoundtheSouthAfricanLiberalPartyandbecameitspresident HisWorksCry theBelovedCountry PerhapsthemostfamousnoveltocomeoutofSouthAfrica Paton s1948workbroughttothenoticeoftheworldthedilemmasofordinarySouthAfricanslivingunderanoppressivesystem onewhichthreatenedtodestroytheirveryhumanity InformedbyPaton sChristianandliberalbeliefs thenoveltellsofaruralZuluparson s 牧师 heart breakingsearchforhisson whohasbeendrawnintothecriminalunderworldofthecity Cry theBelovedCountryhassoldmillionsofcopiesaroundtheworld Apartheid Withtheenactmentofapartheidlawsin1948 racialdiscriminationwasinstitutionalized 使制度化 Racelawstouchedeveryaspectofsociallife includingaprohibitionofmarriagebetweennon whitesandwhites andthesanctioning 认可 of white only jobs In1950 thePopulationRegistrationActrequiredthatallSouthAfricansberaciallyclassifiedintooneofthreecategories white black African orcolored ofmixeddecent Thecolouredcategoryincluded Apartheid majorsubgroupsofIndiansandAsians Classificationintothesecategorieswasbasedonappearance socialacceptance anddescent 血统 Non compliancewiththeracelawsweredealtwithharshly Allblackswererequiredtocarry passbooks containingfingerprints photoandinformationonaccesstonon blackareas Apartheid In1960 alargegroupofblacksinSharpevillerefusedtocarrytheirpasses thegovernmentdeclaredastateofemergency Theemergencylastedfor156days leaving69peopledeadand187peoplewounded Wielding 掌握 运用 thePublicSafetyActandtheCriminalLawAmendmentAct thewhiteregimehadnointentionofchangingtheunjustlawsofapartheid Jubileen adatethatiscelebratedbecauseitisexactly25years 50yearsetc afteranimportantevent25 50 60年等具有特殊意义的周年纪念Doyouknowhowmanyyearstheyaremarking 1 silverjubileeA 50years2 goldenjubileeB 60years3 diamondjubileeC 25years1 C2 A3 B ThenewscausedasensationbecauseitprovedthatDorlinstillhadgolddeposits ThisisashowthatwouldcauseasensationinLondonorNewYork extremeexcitementorinterest orsomeoneorsomethingthatcausesthis轰动 引起轰动的人或事 Wordformationssensational a sensationalize v 17 sensation 1 n afeelingthatyougetfromoneofyourfivesenses 感官的感觉能力Thesensationofsight视觉Sensationoftiredness疲劳感Hecouldfeelnosensationinhisarm 他觉得自己的手臂麻木了 17 sensation 2 n Carolinehadthesensationthatshewasbeingwatched Itwasastrangesensation IfeltI dbeentherebefore n afeelingthatisdifficulttodescribe causedbyaparticularevent experience ormemory感觉 知觉 17 sensation 3 Intheyear1960theUnionAfricacelebrateditsGoldenJubilee andtherewasanationwidesensationwhentheone thousand poundprizeforthefinestpieceofsculpturewaswonbyablackman EdwardSimelane Intheyear1960 theUnionofSouthAfricacelebrateditsfiftiethanniversary andtherewasagreatexcitementthroughoutthecountrywhenpeopleheardthattheprizeforthefinestpieceofsculpturewaswonbyablackman excite toarouse激起 激发Hisspeechdidn texcitemuchinterestinvoters Thenewshascertainlyexcitedcomment conscience 1 n a thepartofyourmindthattellsyouwhetherwhatyouaredoingismorallyrightorwrongHewasamanofstrongsocialconscience whoactivelycampaignedagainstpovertyinallitsforms Well atleastIcanfacethemallwithaclear goodconscience whenyouknowthatyouhavedonenothingwrong Iteasedherownconscience 不再受良心责备 conscience 2 n b aguiltyfeelingthatyouhaveaboutsomethingbadyouhavedoneAnnfeltapang 剧痛 twinge 刺痛 ofconscienceathavingmisjudgedher Theyhavenoconscienceatallaboutcheating notfeelguiltyaboutcheating Hiswork AfricanMotherandChild 1 notonlyexcitedtheadmiration 2 buttouchedthe A conscienceor B heartor C whateveritwasthatrespondedofwhiteSouthAfrica thatresponded heremeansrespondedinthatwayorsimilarlyresponded 3 seemedlikelytomakehimfamous Itwasbyacarelessmistakethathisworkwasaccepted becauseasablackperson hewasnotsupposedtoparticipateinthecompetition emphaticstructure amistakethatyoumakebynotnoticingsth orbyforgettingtodosth 错误 疏漏 Itwasbyanoversightthathisworkwasaccepted segregate 1 v a toseparateonegroupofpeoplefromothers especiallybecausetheyareofadifferentrace sex orreligion oppo integrateMaleprisonerswerestrictlysegregatedfromthefemales Schoolsshouldnotsegregatechildrenwithdisabilities Blacksweresegregatedfromwhitesinschools segregate 2 v b toseparateonepartofaplaceorthingfromanotherThecoffeeroomhadbeensegregatedintosmokingandnon smokingareas Theytooweresegregatedintowagonsforfamiliesandthoseforsinglemen separatekeepsb apartisolatecutsb offfromapartheid南非种族隔离 segregation reprimandv n totellsomeoneofficiallythatsomethingtheyhavedoneisverywrongtoreceivedaseverereprimandforsth OncehehadforgottentolockMrCorcoran sofficeandhadbeenharshlyreprimanded Themilitarycourtreprimandedhimforfailingtodohisduty aprivatereprimand acriticismthatisnotmakepublic omit toleaveout1 遗漏 疏忽 忘记Heomittedtostatehisreasons Don tomitlocking or tolock thedoor 2 省略 删节Omitapassagefromthetext omissionomissible可省略的omissive 省略的 遗漏的 so asto I mnotsostupidastobelievehim indisputably dispute toargueaboutsth esp angrilyandforalongperiod争论disputable abletobequestioned有争辩余地的 bringsth toaclose toendorconcludesth 结束Finallythemeetingwasbroughttoaclosebythenewchairman Thegovernmentwasanxioustobringthehostagecrisistoaclose butincertainpowerfulquarters therewasanoutcryagainstanydeparturefromthe traditionalpolicies ofthecountry ausuallyunspecifiedgroupofpeople astrongprotestorobjection butincertainpoliticallyinfluentialcircles therewasastrongprotestagainstthisdecisionasitwasnotinconformitywiththetraditional apartheidpoliciesofthecountry referringtotheracialpolicieswhichhadbeenineffectformanyyears quarters from among in 某方面的人士Informationfromthehighquarters来自高层的信息outcry 公开抗议 呐喊Despitetheoutcry theuniversityrefusedtochangeitsadmissionpolicies departure from adivergencefromaruleortraditionalpractice偏离 背离 违反Theirnewdesignsrepresentadeparturefromtheirusualstyle renouncev togiveup atitle forexample especiallybyformalannouncement声明放弃EdwardrenouncedhisclaimtotheFrenchthrone RudolphvoluntarilyrenouncedhisU S citizenship Weabsolutelyrenounceallformsofterrorism Thesegroupsmustrenounceviolenceifthereistobeprogresstowardspeace Avert避免 防止vt topreventsomethingunpleasantfromhappeningTalkswillbeheldtodayinafinalattempttoavertstrikeaction Luckilythepilotsawtheotherplanejustintime andadisasterwasnarrowlyaverted Iwasrelievedthatwehadavertedyetanotherfinancialcrisis feeluptosth tohavethestrength energyetctodosomething tobewellenoughto有力气 有精力去做某事Ijustdidn tfeeluptogoing Youdon tneedtogobacktoschoolifyoudon tfeeluptoit HeisscheduledtojointheteaminCalgarylatetodayifhisbackisfeelinguptoit InOrlandoyoudevelopathroatofiron andyoujustputbackyourheadandputitdown incasethepoliceshouldarrive metaphor astrongthroat InOrlandoyou theblacks graduallydevelopathroatasstrongasiron andyoujustthrowbackyourheadanddrinkthebrandyupinonegulpinordertoavoidpolicedetection subjunctivemoodintroducedby incase 唯恐 以免 以防 Develop tocometohavegradually tocomegraduallytoexistence养成 培养Developatastefor aninterestin putback throwbackputitdown drinkitdowninonegulpAthroatofiron Becausebrandyisaverystrongdrink soifyouoftendrinkitveryquickly youwillgetaverystrongthroat Culturalnote1 Accordingtoapartheidlaws blackscouldnotremaininthebigcitiesafteracertainhouratnight Orlandomustbesmalltownwhereblackslive Culturalnote2 Brandyisanexpensivedrinkthatwasusuallyconsumesbywell to dowhitefolksinApartheidSouthAfricawhowouldsipslowlyfromabrandyglass WhenablackpersonlikeSimelaneevergotachancetodrinkbrandy hewouldusuallyuseasmallglassanddrinkitquicklyforfearthathemightbeseenandarrestedbythepoliceforbreakingthelaw Abrandyglassisalargeonewithawidebowlandnarrowtop Itisthisshapesothatthedrinkercanappreciatethearomaofbrandy Theygaveawindowtoit withawhitevelvetbackdrop ifthereisanythingcalledwhitevelvet andsomecomplimentarywords Theygaveawholewindowtothesculpturewithawhitecurtainatthebackandsomewordsinpraiseofthework Thecurtain backdrop wasmadeofwhitevelvet ifthereissuchathingaswhitevelvet wordsexpressingpraise admiration It shardtoassociate whitevelvet with softness smoothness inanapartheidcountry velvet 丝绒 天鹅绒 丝绒般光滑 柔软 complimentary Shewascomplimentaryabouthiswork 她对他的工作赞美有加 Compliment 恭维 话 Make or pay acomplimenttosb onsth Pleasenote Complementary 补充的 Thestation therailwaystationHerald 先驱者 信使Inthetext thenameofanewspaperThesculptorlivesinOrlandoasheisnotallowedtoliveinthebigcityandthereforehastocommutebytraineveryday squintattolookatsomethingwithyoureyespartlyclosedinordertoseebetter眯着眼睛看 斜着眼睛看Mrs Fanningsquintedatthewritingonthedoor Stopsquintingatthescreen putyourglasseson Hehad tookasquintattheheadlineofthenews outofthecornerofyoureye Inasecretiveway秘密的 暗地里 withoutlookingdirectlyorintentionally不直视 窥视pleasenote Thephraseisusuallyusedtogetherwithlook seeglance notice etc Theword eye issingular indulge toengagein totakepartin heremeans toenjoy 沉溺于 享受pleasurable 使人快乐的 使人满意的 舒适的Apleasurablemeetingbetweenoldfriendscontemplation 1 theactofthinkingdeeplyandquietly2 Theactoflookingatsth quietlyandsolemnly soIthoughtI dgoandseethewindow andindulgecertainpleasurablehumanfeelings Imusthavegotalittlelostinthecontemplationofmyowngenius SoIthoughtI dgoandseethewindow andenjoysecretlysomepleasantfeelings feelingsofprideformyowngenius Imusthavebecometooabsorbedinmythinkingaboutmyowngenius beengrossed absorbedinHewaslostintheplotofthenovel confidentiala spokenorwritteninsecretandintendedtobekeptsecret1 秘密的 机密的2 表示信任或亲密的Theinformationwereceivedisofahighlyconfidentialnatureandrelatestonationalsecurity Weholdconfidentialrecordsoneachemployee Afterdrinkingtoeachother theybecamequiteconfidential 彼此敬酒后推心置腹 无话不谈 feellike Idon tfeelliketakingatripFeelliketea coffee arest andall includingthethingorthingsjustmentioned以及其它一切 等等Theyatethewholefish head bones tail andall Thebosspromisedtoprovidemewithacomputerandall roundthecorner verynear comingsoon Icouldn thavetoldhimmyname Why ItmightbethatSimelanehadbeenactingasifhewereadmiringsomebodyelse sworkofartandthereforeitwouldbeembarrassingtorevealhistrueidentity Hedidnotwanttheotherpersontoknowthathewasindulginginadmiringhisowngenius esp afterhearingthecomplimentsofthisstranger Ontheotherhand itmightalsoshowthatSimelanewasaveryhumbleperson orwecouldsaythat sacommoncharacteristicofblackpeoplebecauseofthesegregationanddiscrimination startoff tobegintomove tobeginajourney Wedidn texactlywalkabreast buthedidn texactlywalkinfrontofme walkabreast towalksidebysideQ Isthereanysymbolicmeaningofthesentence Woulditbeaproblemforthemtowalkabreast A Ablackwasnottheequalofwhitesotheywouldneverwalksidebysideasequals Constrainv a tostopsomeonefromdoingwhattheywanttodob tolimitsomething限制 克制 约束 抑制Financialfactorsshouldnotconstraindoctorsfromprescribingthebesttreatmentforpatients Women semploymentopportunitiesareoftenseverelyconstrainedbyfamilycommitments Constrained 被迫的 强装出来的Hefeltconstrainedtoaccepttheinvitation Aconstrainedsmile 强作的笑容 expelv a toforceair water orgasetcoutofyourbodyoroutofacontainer排出 喷出Expelairfromthelings b toofficiallyforcesomeonetoleaveaschoolororganization把 除名Twogirlswereexpelledfromschoolfortakingdrugs Themainoppositionleaderwasexpelledfromherparty suspend 1 tohangfromabove tohangsoastoallowfreemovement悬挂 使悬浮Tosuspendalampfromtheceiling 2 tostoporcausetobeinactiveforaperiodoftime停止 延缓Schoolclassesweresuspendedforfearofspreadofepidemic 3 topreventfromtakingpartinateam polish 1 v n a tomakesomethingsmooth bright andshinybyrubbingit擦亮 抛光Aftershehadpolishedthefurniture shecleanedthewindows Agoodpolishnowandthenwillkeepthetablelookingnew furniture shoe floor etc polish上光剂 aliquid powder orothersubstancethatyourubintoasurfacetomakeitsmoothandshiny polish 2 v n b toimproveapieceofwriting aspeechetcbymakingslightchangestoitbeforeitiscompletelyfinishedYouressayisgood youjustneedtopolishitabit Carla swritinghaspotential butitlackspolish impersonaldoors thedoorslookedunfriendly onereasonmightbetheylookedallthesamewithnonamesorsignsonthemasthisisacheapapartmentbuilding a a notshowinganyfeelingsofsympathy friendlinessetc 没有感情的 冷淡的b aplaceorsituationthatisimpersonaldoesnotmakepeoplefeelthattheyareimportant没有人情味的Businesslettersdonothavetobeimpersonalandformal Ihatestayinginhotels they resoimpersonal Ihadnodesiretoworkforalarge impersonalorganization JustsigningyournameonaChristmascardseemstooimpersonal 太没人情味 Sorrythere snobrandy hesaid Onlywine Here shappiness brandyisgenerallyconsideredmoreexpensivestuff VanRansburgwantedtotreathisguest I withthebestthinghehad Hehasnobiasorprejudicetowardsblackpeople Here shappiness Let sdrinktoyourhappiness VanRensburgwasproposingatoast 干杯 祝酒 Iwas n tonly feelingwhatyoumaybethinking 我当时的感觉 不仅仅只是 就像你认为的一样 Q Ifyouwereaskedtodrinkinapassagejustoutsideofsomeone sapartment notinvitedintotheapartment tositdownanddrinkproperly howwouldyoufeel Youmightbethinkingthatitwasaninsult andthatwasmyfeelingatthemoment Besidesthisfeeling therewassth else Iwasn tonlyfeelingwhatyoumaybethinking Iwasthinkingthatoneoftheimpersonaldoorsmightopenatanymoment andsomeonemightseemein white building andseemeandvanRensburgbreakingtheliquorlawsofthecountry Youmightbethinkingthatitwasaninsulttohavemedrinkinthepassageinsteadofinvitingmeintotheirapartment tositdownanddrinkproperly Yes Iwasfeelingthatway Buttherewassth else Iwasalsoafraidthatoneofthecold unfriendlydoorsmightopenatanymomentandsomeonemightseemeinthis whitesonly building drinkingwithawhitemanandbreakingthelawsondrinking Angercouldhavesavedmefromthewholeembarrassingsituation butyouknowIcan teasilybeangry EvenifIcouldhavebeen Imighthavefoundithardtobeangrywiththisparticularman 愤怒也许可以使我从尴尬的局面中摆脱出来 Icouldhavesimplyleftthenandthereangrilyandthusfreedmyselffromtheawkwardsituation Butyouknow I mnotthekindofpersonwhocaneasilygetangry EvenifIcould Imighthavefoundithardtobeangrywiththisparticularman Heseemedsonicetome subjunctivemood Talkoutone shearttosb totelleverythinginone smindthoroughlyandfreelytosb topouroutone sfeelingstosb 把心里话告诉某人Sometimesweneedtotalkoutourhearttoourfriends Comeandtalkoutyourhearttous We rereadytoofferyouhelp butnotforallthemoneyintheworldcouldIhavesaidtoherdankie mynooiorthatdisgustingdankie misses notforallthemoneyintheworld undernocircumstances dankie mynooi and dankie misses somethinglike Thankyou mylady wereconsideredproperinthiscontextforblacks Butasaneducatedperson Simelanewouldnottalklikethat Hehadhisdignity soItooktheriskofitandusedthewordmevrou forthepolitenessofwhichsomeAfrikanerswouldknockablackmandown andIsaid inhighAfrikaans Ekisadankbaar Mevrou Taketheriskofit totakeone schanceMervou Madam atitleofrespect clearlyinappropriatefortheblackpersontouse knocksb down tohitsb andmakethemfalldownhighAfrikaans AfrikaansspokenbyeducatedwhiteAfrikanersFinallyhetookhischanceandusedanexpressionsopoliteinAfrikaansthathecouldhavebeenknockeddownforforgettinghisplaceasthiskindofpolitelanguagewassupposedtobereservedonlyforthewhitepeople strained 1 a a showingtheeffectsofworryortoomuchwork劳累的 神情 紧张的Nina svoicesoundedstrained 声音里带有倦意听起来不自然Shelookedstrainedandhaddarkcirclesbeneathhereyes 她眼圈发黑 看上去一脸倦容 strained 2 a b astrainedsituationorbehaviorisnotrelaxed natural orfriendly不自然的 不友好的 关系等 紧张的Aftertheargumenttherewasastrainedsilence Icouldn tstandthestrainedatmosphereatdinneranymore OurrelationshipbecameverystrainedbecauseIhadrefusedtolendhimmoney Astrainedsmile laugh强笑 strainone seyes earsstraineverynerveDonotstrainyourself thestrainofsleeplessnightsastainedlaugh尽力倾听 注视全力以赴 竭尽全力别太劳累连夜不眠的过度劳累勉强的笑 breaksmyheart makeoneextremelysadoutofnowhere happeningorappearingsuddenlyandwithoutwarning从默默无闻中 从不知道的地方 从不受注意的的地方Inthelastfewseconds Gunnellcamefromnowheretowinanothergoldmedal Outofnowhereheasksmetomarryhim Igottobecareful carsjustsuddenlycomefromnowhereandit seasytohaveanaccident gettingbeyondme tobecometoodifficultformetounderstandtestimonial Aformalstatementaffirmingthecharacterorworthofanotherperson1 品德 资格 能力等的 证明书 推荐信等2 感谢 或赞赏 的表示 奖状等3 证明 证据 forGod ssake usuallyitisusedforgivingforcetoanurgentrequest buthereithasanothersense sinceGodhadmadeusequalwhenhewasproducinghumanbeing infrontofGod thereisnotanydifference nottomentionapartheid betweenthewhiteandtheblack Therefore vanRensburg aswellashisfamily wantedtofollowGod sinstructionandestablishcertainrelationshipwithSimelane However theonlyproblemistheydidn tknowhowtodoit 我觉得这一切太不正常 太让人难以理解了 她一个白人妇人向我这个陌生黑人夸耀这个家里的儿子 几个陌生白人站在这儿看着我这个黑人 似乎很想打动我 却又不知如何行动 可我能感觉到刚在向我躬身微笑的妇女的真诚 于是我说 我看得出来 夫人 Allofuswerefullofgoodwill but Allofuswerefullofwarmandfriendlyfeelingstowardeachother but WedroveupEloffStreet andhesaid DidyouknowwhatImeant Iwantedtoanswerhim butIcouldn t becauseIdidn tknowwhatthatsomethingwas Hecouldn tbetalkingaboutbeingfrightenedofOrlandoatnight becausewhatmorecouldonemeanthanjustthat WedroveupEloffStreet andheasked DidyouknowwhatImeant HewantedtomakesurethatIunderstoodhim Beingablack Iknewverywellthathecouldn tbetalkingaboutitbeingdangerousinOrlandoatnight HewassayingthatitwasdangeroustobreaktheApartheidlawsbyshowingupinOrlandoatnight Whatelsecouldhemeanotherthanthat Youknow hesaid aboutourlandbeingbeautiful Theunfinishedwordsare Ourlandisbeautiful Butitbreaksmyheart vanRensburgwantedSimelanetoknowthathefeltsorryabouttheircountry sApartheidlaws Noticethatthroughouttheconversation vanRensburgwasexpressinghisconcernaboutthesadsituationthecountrywasin andhethoughtthattheblackmanprobablywouldnotunderstand Thetruthofcoursewasjusttheopposite Yes Iknewwhathemeant andIknewthatforGod ssakehewantedtotouchmetooandhecouldn t forhiseyeshadbeenblindedbyyearsinthedark AndIthoughtitwasapityhewasblind forifmennevertoucheachother they llhurteachotheroneday Yes Iknewwhathemeant andIknew too thathereallywantedtotouchme Buthecouldn t forhehadbeeninfluencedbyracismforsolongthathewasnowunabletoseethetruthandbehaveaccordingly AndIthoughtitwasasadthing becauseifyoudon tunderstandeachotheranddon tcareforeachothe