高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型突破 专题15 语法填空（一）对点特训.doc

专题15 语法填空（一）语法填空(一)A(2016河南高中毕业班适应性测试)I had been called to examine a tenyearold dog 1.named(name) Belker. I examined Belker and found he was dying of cancer. I told the family I couldnt do anything.Shane, a sixyearold in the family, seemed so calm, petting the old dog 2.for the last time. I wondered if he understood what was 3.going(go) on. Within a few minutes, Belker slipped peacefully away.The little boy seemed to accept the fact without any difficulty 4.or confusion. We sat together for a while after 5.Belkers(Belker) death, wondering aloud about the sad fact that animal 6.lives(life) are shorter than human lives.Shane, who had been listening quietly, said, “I know why.”We all turned to him. What came out of his mouth next surprised me 7.greatly(great). Id never heard a 8.more(much) comforting explanation. It has changed the way I try and live.“People are born so that they can learn how to live a good lifelike loving everybody all the time and 9.being(be) nice, right？” The sixyearold continued, “Well, dogs already know 10.how to do that, so they dont have to stay as long.”体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：狗生来懂得与人为善语篇导读：一个小男孩让“我”明白，狗为什么比人活得时间更短。因为狗生来就懂得友善待人，而人类却要通过活得更久来学会。1【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人打电话叫我去检查一只十岁的名叫贝尔克的狗。已有谓语动词had been called，因此设空处应用非谓语动词形式；name与逻辑主语dog之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语修饰dog。2【解析】考查介词。句意：沙恩，这个家里的一个六岁的孩子，似乎很平静，最后一次拍了拍这只老狗。“forthe序数词time”意为“第次”，如for the first/last time。3【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：我在想他是否明白正在发生什么事。贝尔克因为癌症快要死了， 故此处指当时正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时。4【解析】考查连词。句意：小男孩似乎没有任何困难或困惑就接受了这个事实。根据句意，difficulty和confusion之间为并列关系，without为否定词，应用or连接。5【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：在贝克尔死后，我们一起坐了一会儿，思考着这样一个悲伤的事实：动物的寿命比人的(寿命)要更短。death为名词，且与Belker之间是所属关系，应用名词所有格。6【解析】考查名词的数。句意见上一题解析。life(生命)为可数名词，此处为“动物寿命”与“人的寿命”的比较，根据设空后的human lives可知，该空也应用复数形式。7【解析】考查词性转换。句意：接下来从他嘴里说出来的话让我十分惊讶。设空处用于修饰动词surprised，应用副词形式。8【解析】考查比较等级。此处考查“否定词比较级”表示最高级的含义，即“那是我听到的最令人感到宽慰的解释”。【状元点拨方法】“否定短语比较级”表示最高级含义“否定短语比较级”意为“再/最不过了；最”，否定词除了用not之外，还可用no, never, nothing等。e.g.nothing can be better.没有比这更好的了/最好的。9.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们出生是为了学习怎样能够把生活过好比如一直爱着每个人并且友善待人，对吗？此处love everybody和be nice并列充当介词like的宾语，而介词后接动名词作宾语。10【解析】考查疑问词。句意：嗯，狗已经知道怎样去做，所以它们不需要(和人类)呆得一样久。此处为“疑问词动词不定式”结构，根据句意可知，设空处表方式，故填how。BYou might think of Bill Gates as a hardworking founder of Microsoft or a technological genius, but one thing you might not know about him is that hes one of the worlds 1.richest(rich) men who has donated billions of dollars and helped the world by creating new inventions 2.constantly(constant)In 2014 Bill Gates wife, Melinda Gates，persuaded Bill to quit Microsoft and work 3.with her to help what Bill Gates calls the Bottom 2 Billion. The Bottom 2 Billion 4.consists(consist) of a third of the worlds population that lives with less than 2 US.dollars a day. These people usually live in areas 5.where electricity is scarce and disease is far and wide. One of the 6.solutions(solve) to diseases are vaccines, which help the body defeat the disease. A problem arises with vaccines 7.because they need to be kept cold to remain functional. When electricity is rare, it is often very hard to keep refrigerators 8.running(run). One solution Gates has proposed is something he calls the “Super Thermos”. Its a strong heatresistant Thermos 9.made(make) from the same material spaceships use. This Thermos can keep vaccines cold for 50 days.Gates 10.has_changed(change) the world with computers and is about to change the world by helping people through hard times.体裁：记叙文题材：人物故事主题：比尔盖茨的慈善事业语篇导读：本文介绍了比尔盖茨为慈善事业做出的巨大贡献令世界瞩目。1【解析】考查比较等级。根据本句中one of the worlds和语境可知，应该使用最高级。2【解析】考查词性转换。根据本句中的creating new inventions可知，他帮助世界的方式是不断创造新的发明，应该使用副词修饰动词。3【解析】考查介词。work with表示“与一起工作”。4【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。本句中的主语The Bottom 2 Billion是一个整体，所以谓语动词应该使用单数，且本句介绍的是现状，所以用一般现在时。5【解析】考查定语从句。本句中含有一个定语从句，先行词是areas，定语从句中缺少地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。6【解析】考查名词的数。根据本空前的定冠词可知本空需用名词，再根据本空后的are可知这里需用名词的复数形式。7【解析】考查连词。问题出现的原因是疫苗必须在低温下保存，主句和从句之间是因果关系，所以用because引导原因状语从句。8【解析】考查非谓语动词。只有在有电的情况下，才能让冰箱持续运转下去。keep sth.doing让某事物一直做下去。9【解析】考查非谓语动词。这种抗热的保温瓶所用的材料和太空飞船的材料是一样的。这里是过去分词作后置定语。10【解析】考查动词的时态。此处强调的是对现在产生的影响，所以用现在完成时。CPhilip was a junior office assistant in a large company. He was quite ambitious, so he was keen to make a good 1.impression(impress) on the boss. He often stayed late at the office, to show 2.how committed and hardworking he was. One evening, he was just 3.about to go home when he saw his boss 4.standing (stand) in front of the shredder(碎纸机), holding a document.“Ah, Philip! Im glad youre still here in the office！” said the boss, “Good 5.to_see(see) all your hard work and professionalism. Now I wonder if you could help me.”“Of course，” replied Philip. “Its no trouble.”“Good man! You see, my secretary has already gone home 6.and I havent got a clue how this thing works. Its important that I get this done before tomorrow. If you 7.could(can) do this one more thing before you go home, Id 8.really(real) appreciate it.”“No problem，” said Philip, 9.happy(happy) to be asked to do such a simple job.He took the document from his boss, turned on the machine, inserted the document and pressed the start button.“Thats excellent，” said the boss, as the document vanished into the shredder. “I just need two 10.copies(copy)”体裁：记叙文题材：人物故事主题：办公室糗事语篇导读：本文讲述Philip帮不会操作机器的老板把文件放入了碎纸机，而老板却说“给我复印两份”的幽默故事。1【解析】考查词性转换。形容词good修饰名词；根据不定冠词“a”可知，此处应使用单数名词。make a good impression on sb.给某人留下好印象。2【解析】考查副词。句意：他经常在办公室里待到很晚，以此来显示他是多么的敬业和勤奋。committed和 hardworking是形容词，所以用副词how修饰，表示程度。3【解析】考查固定句型。be about to do sth.when正要做某事时突然。4【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词see后通常接动词原形或现在分词作宾语补足语，此处表示正在发生的动作，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。5【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，形容词Good前省略了it is，所以用动词不定式作真正的主语。6【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处用连词and连接两个并列的句子。7【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据主句中的谓语动词可知，此处是指与现在事实相反的虚拟，所以if引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时，故填could。8【解析】考查词性转换。应用副词修饰动词appreciate。9【解析】考查形容词。根据语境可知，Philip很高兴被要求做这样简单的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处用形容词happy作状语，表伴随。10【解析】考查名词的数。根据数词two可知，此处名词应使用复数形式。D(2016河北衡水中学高三调考)Switzerland is famous 1.for its watches. However, this country didnt invent the watch. It was the British who did it. Here is a story of how the watch 2.was_brought(bring) to Switzerland. Many years ago, 3.an Englishman traveled to Italy and on his way he stopped in a small town 4.called(call) Geneva in Switzerland. This Englishman traveled in a carriage(马车) inside which there was a carriage watch. This was the 5.earliest(early) kind of watch. A native shop assistant(售货员) happened to see the watch. He wondered what it was 6.and asked the Englishman about it. “It is a carriage watch.” answered the man. “This machine can tell the time but now 7.it isnt working.” At once the shop assistant offered to try repairing it. So the 8.travel(l)er(travel) handed him the watch. The man was very clever. It was easy for him 9.to_repair(repair) it. He even remembered how it was made. And he made a watch of 10.exactly(exact) the same type.体裁：记叙文题材：人物故事主题：瑞士手表语篇导读：瑞士以手表而著名，但是很少人知道，最早发明手表的却是英国人。本文讲述了手表是怎样从英国被带到瑞士的故事。1【解析】考查介词。句意：瑞士因手表而著名。be famous for因而著名，为固定搭配。2【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这个故事讲述了手表是如何被带到瑞士的。分析句子结构可知，此处应用谓语动词，这件事发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时；且the watch和bring之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。3【解析】考查冠词。句意：许多年前，一位英国人到意大利去旅行，中途在瑞士一座名叫日内瓦的小镇停了下来。Englishman是可数名词，此处泛指一个人，所以用不定冠词；Englishman的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。4【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语修饰a small town; a small town和call之间是被动关系，故填过去分词called。5【解析】考查比较等级。句意：这是最早类型的表。本文是讲述手表的来历，所以此处应是在说最早的表，结合空前的the可知应用最高级。6【解析】考查连词。句意：他想知道这是什么，所以就问那个英国人。此句中wondered和asked是并列的两个谓语动词，而且是顺承关系。7【解析】考查代词。句意：这个机器可以显示时间，但是它现在坏了。根据句意可知，此空应指代上文提到的this machine, 故填it。8【解析】考查词性转换。句意：所以这位旅游者把表递给了他。根据上下文内容可知，此处应是指那位英国人，第二段第一句话交代他是去意大利旅行，所以也可以称之为旅游者，故填表示人的名词trave(l)ler。9【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：修理那块表对他来说很容易。此句中第一个it是形式主语，后常用动词不定式作真正的主语。It is adj. for sb.to do sth.为固定句型， 做某事对某人来说是的。10【解析】考查词性转换。句意：他做出了一块类型完全一样的表。exactly the same完全一样，为固定搭配。E(2016山东烟台高三诊断)A school in Sarajevo not only accepted a deaf student, but also 1.taught(teach) the entire class sign language to allow them to better communicate with him.The heartwarming story began in September last year 2.when a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood 3.to_accept(accept) her sixyearold son, Zejd, who has a 4.hearing(hear) disability.The teacher, Sanela, agreed almost immediately, 5.but/yet on the first day of school，she noticed Zejd 6.sitting(sit) all by himself, unable to communicate with any of his classmates.Sanela, 7.determined(determine)to find a way out, tried developing a few signs of her own.But a parent of another child came up with 8.an even better ideagetting the whole class to learn sign language along with Zejd.So they got a sign language teacher on board, and three months later, Zejd was able to communicate 9.happily(happy) with all his classmates about regular things like homework and 10.games(game)体裁：记叙文题材：学校生活主题：手语语篇导读：文章讲述了一所学校接受一名聋哑儿童之后班级同学跟他一起学习手语互相交流的故事。1【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：萨拉热窝的一所学校不仅接受了一名聋哑学生，还教会全班同学手语让他们更好地与他交流。not onlybut also连接并列的成分或结构，设空处应与accepted时态一致，故填动词的过去式taught。2【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个暖人心房的故事始于去年九月份，那时一位女士请求当地的小学接受她那有听力障碍的六岁的儿子扎德。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词last year，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。【状元点拨方法】正确选择关系代词和关系副词正确选择关系代词和关系副词的关键是：关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语，则用关系副词。I will never forget the days(which/that)we spent together. 我永远也忘不了我们一起度过的日子。(which/that作宾语)I will never forget the days when we work together.我永远也忘不了我们一起工作的日子。(when作时间状语)3.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。ask sb.to do sth.请求/让某人做某事。4【解析】考查词性转换。句意见第2题解析。根据句意可知，此处指扎德有听力障碍，hearing听觉，为名词。5【解析】考查连词。句意：萨内拉老师马上同意了，但是开学第一天她发现扎德一直自己坐着，无法与任何同学交流。根据老师的态度以及扎德后来在学校里的表现可以看出，上下文之间是转折关系。6【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。notice sb.do/doing sth.为固定用法，根据句意，sit的动作正在进行，应用动词ing形式作宾补。7【解析】考查词性转换。句意：萨内拉决心找一个方法来解决这个问题，她试着创造一些自己的手势。(be)determined to do决定做某事，故填determined，在句中作状语。8【解析】考查冠词。句意：但是另一个孩子的家长想出一个更好的主意让全班同学跟扎德一起学手语。设空后的idea是第一次出现，表泛指，应用不定冠词；空后的even以元音音素开头，故填an。9【解析】考查词性转换。句意：因此，他们有了一个手语老师，三个月后，扎德可以开心地与同学们交流一些像作业和游戏之类的常规东西。设空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。10【解析】考查名词的数。句意见上一题解析。空格前的things是复数名词，homework和games是对things的解释。game为可数名词，设空前无冠词和其他限定词限定，因此，game应用复数形式。FThe man who is going to fix our roof has to be the 1.most(much) honest person my husband and I have ever met.My husband knew the back roof over the porch was fine and wanted 2.to_see(see) what this roofer said when he gave his estimate.He told my husband that that back roof was just fine and then gave the estimate for the rest of the roof$2,400.He called last night to tell us he could do the roof on Monday but 3.told(tell) us he had measured the roof 4.incorrectly(corre