必修五语法过去分词的用法精讲.doc

必修五语法过去分词的用法精讲一， 过去分词的基本用法：（一）具有被动完成意义（二）过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表。注意：单个过去分词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语，如：The stolen car was found by the police last week.（三）作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.过去分词作宾语补足语的用法: 能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类: 1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see, watch, look at, hear, observe, feel, notice, think等.如：I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌.(过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard;) 2. 表示致使意义的动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等. (1) Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发. (2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了. 【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系. 注：动词have后的复合宾语中，宾语补足语如为过去分词，常表示该分词所表示的动作是由别人来执行的而不是句中主语自己来执行的，如：I had my bike repaired yesterday. 昨天我（找别人）把我的自行车给修了。3.with +宾语+过去分词结构 with +宾语+过去分词结构中,过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.例如: (1) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件) (2) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因) （四）作状语：1.相当于副词，其逻辑主语是主句的主语。2.为了使作状语的过去分词意义更加明确，常在分词前加when, if, while, though, as等连词，如：Seen from the hill/ When seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.; Given more time/ If given more time, we could have done it better.（we是该结构的逻辑主语，是give的逻辑宾语。）3.过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，分析：Once this novel is published, it will be popular. 一旦出版，这本小说将会很畅销。 = Once published, this novel will be popular.过去分词表示被动或完成的动作，V-ing表示主动或进行的动作。 Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elephant. 从远处看，这座山看起来想一头大象。 Seeing the mountain, he always thinks of his childhood. 每当看到这座山，他总会想起他的童年。二，非谓语动词的独立主格结构1、非谓语动词的独立主格结构的产生：当非谓语动词做状语时其逻辑主语不是句子的主语时给它加上它自己的逻辑主语就构成了非谓语动词的独立主格结构，2、结构：“名词或代词+非谓语动词”3、特点：1）相当于状语2）名词或代词为非谓语动词的逻辑主语3）在此结构前加with就构成了with复合结构4）可扩展为状语从句（主从句主语不一致）典型例句：1）The quide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the Forest2）weather permitting ，we will go on an outing。3）The task finished ， We had a global travelling过去分词专练1. Im afraid I cant make myself _ in English. A. understanding B. understand C. to be understood D. understood2. When she returned home, she found the window open and something _. A. stealing B. missed C. stolen D. to steal3. Strictly _, it isnt worth the price you are asking. A. to speak B. speaking C. speak D. spoken4. Time _, theyll come here to watch us _ football. A. permitted, playing B. permitted, to play C. permitting, play D. permitting, to play5. Tom had no choice but _ the classroom with his classmates. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleans6. Mr. Brown said that his car needed_ A. to be repaired B. being repaired C. be repairing D. to repair7._, she burst into tears. A. Deeply moved B. Deeply moving C. As she deeply moved D. As she was deeply moving8. _ carelessly, the boy made mistakes here and there. . A. being written B. Wrote C. Write D. Writing9. The boy had his leg _ while _ football. A. broken, playing B. break, play C. broken, played D. broke, was playing10. While _ football on tin playground, I found my keys _. A. playing, lost , B. play, losing C. played, being lost D. having played, lost11. cant see my old grandparents _ alone in the country，so Ill have them _ with me in the city at present.Aleave；stay Bleft；stayCleaving；stay Dleaving；stayed高考链接：12. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again. (上海1999)A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired13. The directors discussed the project that they would like to see _ the next year. (NMET 2004)A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 14. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _ . （重庆 2004）A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 15. The thief was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tired D. tied 答案：1-5DCBCA1-9AADAA1115BCCAD过去分词1. The new shopping center _ now will be put into use by the end of this year. A. built B. be built C. being built D. to be built2. Im afraid I cant make myself _ in English. A. understanding B. understand C. to be understood D. understood4. When she returned home, she found the window open and something _. A. stealing B. missed C. stolen D. to steal5. Strictly _, it isnt worth the price you are asking. A. to speak B. speaking C. speak D. spoken6. Time _, theyll come here to watch us _ football. A. permitted, playing B. permitted, to play C. permitting, play D. permitting, to play8. Tom had no choice but _ the classroom with his classmates. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleans9. Mr. Brown said that his car needed A. to be repaired B. being repaired C. be repairing D. to repair10. The old man didnt know whether to sell the car or_ . A. being kept for later use B. kept for later use C. to keep it for later use D. to be kept it for later use11._, she burst into tears. A. Deeply moved B. Deeply moving C. As she deeply moved D. As she was deeply moving12. He would rather _ his parents with their housework than _ out to play games. A. to help, to go B. help, go C. help, to go D. to help, go13._, she felt quite shy at the party. A. As she a stranger B. Being a stranger C. According to a stranger D. She like a stranger14. While _ football on tin playground, I found my keys _. A. playing, lost , B. play,