情态动词-初中语法点.docx

_情态动词_情态动词三用法：情态动词无三单变化 He can fly. 情态动词否定直接加NOT He can not fly. 情态动词后跟动词原形 He can fly.1.义务军团 must/have to:1.Must Have to表面意思上的区别必须（主观）不得不（客观）试用时态的区别现在时态将来时态现在时态:have/has to将来时态: will have to过去时态:had to否定形式的区别Needntdont /doesnt have toWont have todidnt have to 2.猜测军团 :2.肯定猜测否定猜测把握度mustcant 不是mustnt /neednt非常确信,句中通常有证据maymay not半信半疑,句中通常出现”not sure”mightmight not几乎没说,句中通常出现”not sure”肯定推测：must100%可能性 may/can50%60%可能性might/could20%50%可能性否定推测：cant可能性为零，语气强烈 may not可能不，语气不确定3.请求军团：表请求的情态动词用法区别can比较生硬，不礼貌，通常用于上下级， 长辈对晚辈could比较礼貌，最常用maymight过分谦卑，较少用shall只与第一人称连用can与cantcan表示能力，“能,会”表示允许，“可以”Sam can speak English well.Can I borrow your bike?cant“不会,不能”“一定不，不可能”I cant give you an answer now.The man cant be my uncle.He has gone to Beijing。could与couldntcould“能，会”表示过去的能力。在疑问句中表示委婉的请求。“有可能，也许”Jim could play the piano well when he was young.Could I have a cup of tea?Im not sure when the flight to America will take off.I think itcould be leaving in an hour.couldnt“不能，不会”He couldnt dive last year, but now he can do it.must与mustntmust表示主观看法，“必须，一定”肯定推测You must finish your homework first!They must be very tired after a long walk. mustnt禁止，一定不要You mustnt play football on the road.may与mightmay表示请求、许可，“可以”“有可能，也许”（把握性不大）You may sit here if you want.Your sister may be waiting for you now.mightmay的过去式。表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉。表推测，“有可能，也许”，可能性低于may。He asked if he might go home.Might I smoke here?No one knows what might happen in the future.need与needntneed“需要”You need say sorry to him.neednt“不需要”You neednt go with me.should/ought to与shouldntshould“应该”You should keep the room clean.ought to“应该”You ought to sleep early.shouldnt“不应该”You shouldnt speak loudly here.will与wouldwill表示询问、请求，用于疑问句中。Will you pass me a book?would表示自愿、主动做。Jane said she would not talk with angry Tom.shall与had bettershall表示询问、请求，用于第一、三人称。表示决心、警告、命令，多用于第二人称。Shall we go out for a walk?You shall not bring your mobile phones to the classroom in the exam.had better“最好要”You had better have breakfast, or you will not focus on your work.have to与dont have tohave to“不得不”，多表示客观必要。I have to go to work every day.dont have to“没必要”You dont have to come here so early.情态动词的基本用法1.A good friend is someone you _ share your pleasure and pain with.A. ought B. need C. can D. must2.Please dont make so much noise. I _hear the speaker very well.A. neednt B. mustntC. cant D. shouldnt 3.Mum, _ I play football this afternoon?Sure, but you _ finish your homework first.A. may; could B. can; mustC. can; mustnt D. may; cant4.You_ take me to the station. My brothers taking me.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldntD. dont have to5.We need clean air and water, so we _ protect the environment.A. can B. may C. must D. might6.What should we do to protect the fish in the river?We_ throw rubbish into the river.A. need B. neednt C. must D. mustnt7.Weve got everything ready for the picnic.Do you mean I _bring anything with me?A.cant B. mustnt C. couldnt D. neednt8.Excuse me, _ I take the magazine out of the reading room?Sorry, you cant. Just here, please.A. must B. would C. may D. need9._ I borrow your dictionary?Sorry. Ive left it at home.A. ShouldB. Need C. Must D. Could情态动词表推测10.Finally, they came back. They_be hungry after such a long walk.A. cant B. must C. neednt D.could11.Where are you going this month? We _go to Xiamen, but were not sure.A. neednt B. might C. must D. mustnt12.The girl in the classroom _be Sarah. She has gone to the library.A. may B. must C. cant D. neednt13.Is Tom coming by train? He _drive his car, Im not sure.A. cant B. may C. must D.shouldnt14.Excuse me, is this the right way to the Children s Palace? Sorry, Im not sure. But it _be.A. mustnt B. might C. cant D. must15.Look, the lady in red_be our English teacher. No, she _be. She is in the office now.A.must; cant B. can; mustntC. may; mustnt D. shall; cant答案：1-5 ：CCBDC 6-10: DDCDB 11-15: BCBBA【考例链接】( )1. We need clean air and water, so we _ protect the environment.A. can B. mayC. must D. might( )2. Hi, you _walk on the grass.Sorry, I _ do it again.A. cant; will B. neednt; wont C. mustnt; wont( )3. Ive bought all the food for the party tonight.Thank you. Then I _ go to the supermarket.A. cant B. mustntC. shouldnt D. neednt ( )4. Please be quiet. Our teacher is coming.It _ be our teacher. She has gone to Beijing.A. must B. may C. cant D. mustnt( )5. Yang Jiang _ be the boys favorite writer. He has written a lot to praise her.A. cant B. mustntC. must D. need( )6. I saw your mother in the library just now.It _ be her. She went to Beijing yesterday.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt( )7. Must we finish the work today?_. We have something else to do tomorrow.A. Yes, we can B. No, we cantC. Yes, we must D. No, we neednt( )8. Excuse me, _ I take the magazine out of the reading room?Sorry, you cant. Just here, please.A. must B. wouldC. may D. need( )9. Could you go to the bookshop with me? I want to buyThe Grass Houseby Cao Wenxuan.Sorry, I _. Ive promised Mom to go home right after school.A. cant B. couldntC. neednt D. mustnt 情态动词用法，满分看过来(答案)快速对答案：15CCBDC 610DDCDB 1115BCBBA1.C【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：一个好朋友就是_和你一起分享你的快乐和悲伤的人。ought应该；need需要；can能，可以；must必须。根据句意可知好朋友就是能一起分享快乐和悲伤的。故应选C。2.C【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：请不要发出太大的噪音。我_听见演讲者说话了。neednt不必；mustnt不允许禁止；cant不能；shouldnt不应该。既然噪音太大，那肯定不能够听到演讲者说话了。故选C。3.B【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“妈妈，今天下午我_踢足球吗？”“当然，但是你_先完成你的家庭作业。”may可能，比can更委婉；could能；can可以；must必须；mustnt不许；cant不可能。第一空表示请求，许可，第二空表示必须，故选B。4.D【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你带我去火车站，我哥哥_带我去。cant不能；mustnt不准，禁止；shouldnt不应该；dont have to不必。根据句意可知不必带我去。故选D。5.C【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要清洁的空气和水，因此我们_保护环境。can能，能够；may可以，可能；must必须，一定；might可能。根据前半句可知此处指我们必须保护环境。故选C。6.D【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“我们应该做什么来保护河里的鱼？”“我们_往河里扔垃圾。”need需要；neednt不需要；must必须；mustnt禁止。此处表示禁止，用mustnt。故选D。7.D【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“我们已经准备了用于郊游的所有用品。”“你的意思是我_带任何东西吗？”cant不能，不可能；mustnt禁止，不许；couldnt是cant的过去式；neednt不需要。由句意可知，neednt符合逻辑。故选D。8.C【解析】 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“打扰了，我_把这本杂志带出阅览室吗？”“抱歉，你不能。只能在这里（阅读）。”must必须，表示命令；would愿意；may可以；need需要。根据答语“Sorry, you cant.”可知问句是征求对方许可，用may。故选C。9.D【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意“我_借你的词典吗？”“对不起，我把我的词典落在家里了。”Should应该；Need需要；Must必须；Could可以，可能。根据对话语境可知是想向对方借东西，此处表示委婉的请求应用Could I.?句型。故选D。10.B【解析】考查情态动词表推测。句意“他们终于回来了。”“走了如此长一段路，他们_累了。”cant不可能，表否定推测；must必须，一定，表肯定推测；neednt不必要；could能。根据“after such a lo