Backtothepast重点知识突破2018届江苏高考英语一轮复习资料学案.doc

2018届江苏高考英语一轮复习精品资料模块三 Unit 3重点知识突破一、重点词汇词汇-1. ruin【原句呈现】A scholar from the local cultural institute, Professor Zhang, told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.本单元还有一句中与ruin有关的destroy：Its hard to imagine how this peaceful volcano destroyed the whole city.【考点聚焦】 ruin作为动词的意义识别和作为名词的相关短语；damage, destroy, harm, injure, ruin, wound等词的区别(参看模块一Unit 2词汇-5. harm)；【考题研读】The story of Whitney Houston is a good example of how drugs and bad relationships can _ even the most talented stars.A. murder B. confineC. ruin D. suspectAt this rate, the forest will be completely _ within the next 30 years.A. damagedB. ruinedC. spoiledD. destroyed_ is no wonder that the building is _ now; it caught so big a fire last night.A. There, in ruins B. That, in ruinsC It, in ruins D. It, in ruinThe accident caused some _ to my car, but its nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage【归纳拓展】 (be)in ruins 成为废墟，破败不堪 come/go to ruin 毁灭，灭亡；落空 bring .to ruin使毁灭，使落空 fall into ruin灭亡，荒芜ruin oneself自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉词汇-2. explode【原句呈现】Then, on 24 August, the mountain exploded, .【考点聚焦】explode的意义识别以及其名词形式意义的识别。【考题研读】Shoppers fled the street in panic after two bombs _ in central London.A. employed B. exploredC. exploited D. explodedThe _ in Chinese exports in recent years has resulted in a flood of inexpensive goods for American consumers.A. explosion B. introduction C. immigration D. investment【归纳拓展】explode with 因(愤怒等)而发作 explode into爆发出 explode into laughter哄然大笑explosion n. 爆炸(声)，爆发，扩张，激增 explosive adj.易爆炸的；爆炸性的 词汇-3. complain【原句呈现】One complained that the room was not clean and that it was not very comfortable either.【考点聚焦】complain的意义识别以及其名词意义的识别；相关短语。【考题研读】Some audience _ that it usually takes too long to watch the ads during the TV series.A. explain B. complainC. claim D. standNevertheless, I lost consciousness at nearly every band practice and people were constantly _ always having to take care of me. A. insisting on B. worrying about C. complaining about D. concentrating onI sincerely suggest that you try to do your best to finish this project, unless you dont care about the _ from all directions.A. anxietyB. concernC. willingnessD. complaints【归纳拓展】complain about抱怨，投诉 complain of诉说(病痛等)complain (to sb.) (about/at sth.)向某人投诉；向抱怨；向诉苦complain that宾语从句，抱怨 make a complaint (about.)投诉词汇-4. doubt【原句呈现】When asked how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence.【考点聚焦】相关句型和短语。【考题研读】Do you think we will have a surprise math quiz next week?_.The math teacher seems to enjoy it.A. No comment B. Come onC. No doubt D. Never mindThere is no doubt _ the famous professor will come to give us a lecture.A. if B. thatC. what D. whetherThe Obama government has reformed on tax system. What people doubt is _ it will do them any good. A. that B. whether C. why D. What【归纳拓展】no doubt 毫无无疑，确定have no/little/some doubt.对没有/有一些怀疑beyond all doubt无疑地；确定地；肯定地 without(a)doubt无疑地；确定地；肯定地There is no doubt about/of.毫无疑问 There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is some doubt whether.有关是否还有些疑问doubt 做动词，用于肯定句中时，后用whether或 if 引导宾语从句，用于否定句或疑问句中，后用that引导宾语从句。做名词，用于肯定句中，后用whether引导同位语从句用于否定句或疑问句中时，后用that引导同位语从句词汇-5. aware【原句呈现】In many cases, his questions made his students aware of their own errors.【考点聚焦】aware的意义识别以及其名词形式意义的识别。【考题研读】Reading a daily newspaper will make you _ of what is going on in the world.A. dependent B. ignorant C. alike D. awareOur nation should first develop modern law _ in ruling the country by law. A. awareness B. opportunities C. regulation D. principle 【归纳拓展】aware adj.意识到，察觉到的awareness n. 意识be/become aware of知道/意识到be/become aware that/wh-从句知道/意识到make sb. aware of sth.使某人注意到某事/让某人知道某事词汇-6. expression 【原句呈现】Useful expressions to use when giving a talk.【考点聚焦】expression的意义识别；相关短语。【考题研读】I sent a big bunch of flowers to the nurse as an _ of thanks for her taking good care of my grandpa in the nursing home.A. attitude B. impressionC. appreciation D. expressionThe _ on his face told me that he was angry.A. impression B. sightC. appearance D. expressionTo be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is _ expression in words for me.A. withoutB. overC. withinD. beyondTheir pleasure expressed _ in a burst of applause.A. itB. thisC. itselfD. one【归纳拓展】beyond expression无法形容without expression毫无表情give expression to表达；表现；把表达出来express oneself 表达自己的思想感情，表现出来词汇-7. judge【原句呈现】At his trial, he defended himself by asking his judges yet more questions.【考点聚焦】judge作为动词意义的识别以及习惯用法。【考题研读】“You cant _ a book by its cover,” as the old saying goes.A. recognizeB. buyC. judgeD. know_ from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people at the club yet.A. JudgingB. Judged C. Seeing D. ThinkingAlthough _ to be the best in a recent science competition, the student remains modest.A. judging B. judgedC. judge D. having judged【归纳拓展】judge作动词使用时，意为：判断，审判，裁判；作名词使用时，意为：法官，裁判员judging from/by.根据来判断(放在句首作状语)。judging from/by.置于句首作状语，ving不受主语和时态的影响，不能用过去分词代替。用法相似的词(组)还有：generally speaking(一般来说)，frankly speaking(坦白地说)，considering(that).(鉴于，考虑到)，supposing(that).(假如，倘若)等。词汇-8. take over【原句呈现】In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompeii.【考点聚焦】take over的意义识别；相关短语。【考题研读】As we know, keeping positive is beneficial to the process of our work and study. You can say that again. Struggle not to let negative ideas _.A. take overB. take off C. take onD. take upIt is reported that single-parent children _ some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served. A. take up B. take over C. take in D. take on Many European countries，including Germany, set up many shelters to _ refugees(难民)from Africa.A. take up B. take backC. take down D. take in【归纳拓展】take over 接收，接管，接住，接替，占领take up 拿起，占据(时间，空间)，从事，继续take on 呈现，雇用take down 拿下，取下，记下take off 脱掉，(飞机)起飞，取得成功take in 吸收，理解，欺骗，接纳take after与相似 take away 拿走；夺走take out 拿出，去掉，扣除 take back 收回(说错的话)，使回忆起词汇-9. in memory of【原句呈现】In memory of the Americans who died in the attack, a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor just above the remains of the Arizona.【考点聚焦】in memory of意义的识别。【考题研读】Local citizens placed flowers at the comer of one street in Hamilton, Canada, _ the Canadian soldier, who was killed by a gunman.A. in favor of B. in memory ofC. in terms of D. in spite ofAt the ancient Olympics, all men, _ had to compete wearing no clothes; while single women took part in their own separate competition, a festival _ Hera, the wife of Zeus.A. in tradition; in favor of B. by principle; in celebration ofC. by tradition; in honor of D. in order; in memory of【归纳拓展】in memory of为了纪念in名词of短语：in favor of支持 in place of 代替 in praise of 赞扬in charge of负责 in need/want of 需要 in case of 如果，假使in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有，持有 in honour of 为纪念，为庆祝词汇-10. come down with【原句呈现】Yet, in 323 BC, he came down with a fever and died.【考点聚焦】相关短语。【考题研读】Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come downC. come acrossD. come throughShe _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came acrossAs the foreign minister has _ flu, the Deputy Prime Minister Bosse Ringholm will take over temporarily.A. put up withB. came down withC. came up withD. end up withNo real improvement is possible until unemployment levels _, she said in an interview. A. come up with B. came down withC. came downD. come across【归纳拓展】come down with患(病)，得(传染性的病) come along与一起，陪伴。come down价格等的降低/回落，温度下降，故事等流传下来，塌下来等等come across偶然遇到；被理解 come up with提出，想出 二、经典句型1.表示承上所说的“也怎么样”的句型【原句呈现】Many people were buried alive, and so was the city. 【考点聚焦】so作“也”讲时，引导的句子用倒装语序，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：So + be(have，助动词或情态动词)+主语；注意：如果是另外一个人对前面所说的内容加以肯定，那就不用倒装。将so换成neither/nor引导的句子用倒装语序，用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法； 如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定，或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时，用“It is the same with+主语”结构或用“So it is with +主语”结构。【考题研读】I went to see a film yesterday. Oh, did you? _.A. So I did B. I did so C. So do I D. So did IIf my sister goes to watch the singing competition named Im a singer next time, _. The competition is well organized._.A. so do I, So is it B. so do I, So it isC. so will I, So is it D. so will I, So it isThe interviewee has no inner shame to show his edge over others. _ the outer fear.A. As he has B. So had heC. Nor did he have D. Neither does he haveTom hadnt passed the exam and was afraid of being scolded. _. A. So Jim wasB. So was JimC. Neither had JimD. Its the same with Jim2.It turns/turned out that.句型【原句呈现】It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash.【考点聚焦】固定句型：It turns out that.和it turns/turned out to be.；turn out=prove“证明是，结果是”不可以用被动语态。【考题研读】_ the former US president was right, but not in the way that he thought.A. It turns out B. It was turned outC. It turns out that D. It was turned out thatLast time I went back to see him, he looked so happy. I cant imagine that it _ the last chance for me to sit by him listening to him that day.A. turned out B. turned out to cho