四川省高考英语阅读表达解题指导

四川省高考英语阅读表达解题指导四川省高考英语阅读表达解题指导 宜宾市教育科学研究所 赵杰 阅读表达试题主要是考查考生从文字材料中获取信息 处理信息 分析问题 归纳总 结 并准确使用英语词汇 语法进行书面表达的能力 因此 该题型难度较大 区分度高 是四川省课程改革后英语高考中最为重要的新题型 四川高考阅读表达试题特点 1 文章词数 300 左右 2 文章为描写人物 故事 记叙文 议论文 一般不用科普文和应用文 3 按文章内容顺序设题 可考某段的大意 一般不考全文大意 标题和词语解释 4 题目设置为一问一答 通常以 wh 形式的特殊疑问句提问 5 阅读材料本身难度不大 略低于阅读理解的 5 篇文章 6 按规定词数简略回答 但均控制在 10 词内 从该题型对考生的能力要求很高 但我们只要了解了此题型的命题特点及解题技巧 就能较好地完成该题 现笔者就此题型解题步骤及思路总结于后 供大家参考 一 先读问题 通过问题预测短文的主要话题和内容一 先读问题 通过问题预测短文的主要话题和内容 如 2013年四川高考阅读表达真题 5 个问题 见考例分析一 通过阅读这几个问题 我们可以预测到以下信息 1 短文的主人公是 Jackie 因为 57 60 四个问题中都提到了 Jackie 2 Jackie 可能是一个护士 从 57 题中的 nursing 便知 3 Jackie 的职业领域可能是糖尿病 从 58 题中的 in the field of diabetes 得知 题干 中的 diabetes 是生词 短文中一定会出现 并极有可能标注了汉语解释 学生读到该词时 可以浏览一下短文中标注了汉字的生词 4 从 59 题中 Jackie 向提建议可以推断 她可能糖尿病领域经验丰富且很权威的护 士 5 从 60 题她女儿的担心可以推断 Jackie 可能工作太累 或身体有病 或年龄太大 6 NHS 极有可能是个医疗健康方面的机构 从上述几点的分析及 56 题中的 was the NHS set up 可以得知 二 带着问题和预测的信息去阅读短文二 带着问题和预测的信息去阅读短文 带着卷面上的 5 个问题和预测的信息去阅读短文 针对性强 理解的准确性高 从而 节约做题时间 三 边阅读短文边完成答题三 边阅读短文边完成答题 由于阅读表达题中的综合归纳题极少 一般都是简单的归纳 答案的依据通常是单独 分布在短文的某个地方 所以 在阅读的同时 只要确认了某个题的答案 就可以先完成 该题 一般情况下 5 个问题的顺序与文章展现的顺序是一致的 四 四 注意问题后的词数要求注意问题后的词数要求 根据题后词数要求 答题时 常常要经过简要归纳 采用简略回答 但一般不能照搬 原文 一定要针对不同的疑问词在问句中做什么成分 如作主语或宾语 我们就将相应文 段中的相应表述改编成主语或宾语 如名词 动名词或不定式等来回答问题 疑问词作表 语或状语也可以用类似方法 下面举例说明 例一 People today probably do not want to live as people thousands of years ago did but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate as those ancient people did cutting the amount of fatty salty and sweet foods How could we be healthier according to this paragraph within 8 words 答案解析答案解析 此题要在 8 个字以内回答就必须简略回答 How 在问句中作状语 我们只需把文段中相应表述改为状语即可回答 By eating as those ancient people did 例二 Just like any other eager college graduate the elder Ochs can t wait for life s next challenge I m going to seek employment on a cruise ship as a storyteller she said smiling The determined look in her eye leaves no doubt She s serious What is the elder Ochs next challenge of life within 8 words 答案解析答案解析 显然此题要在 8 个字以内用完整句子回答是不可能的 也需要简略回答 What 在问句中作主语 我们只需把文段中相应表述改变为主语 就回答主语部分即可 注意动词作主语必须用动名词或不定式 Being a storyteller on a cruise ship 考例分析一考例分析一 2013 年四川省高考阅读表达年四川省高考阅读表达 A nurse of 78 this weekend celebrates 60 years of walking the wards and she has no plans to retire Jackie Reid was 18 when she started work in 1953 when the National Health Service NHS was just five years old and is believed to be the oldest nurse in Britain The diabetes 糖尿病 specialist had to retire at 65 but returned as a nurse within two weeks and still does up to four seven and a half hour shifts 轮班 each week Mrs Reid said Nursing is hard if you do it correctly but I love my job Working for the NHS has been my life I have no other hobbies because I have worked all my life Jackie has worked at a number of different hospitals including one in Scotland Her specialist field has been diabetes for the past 40 years She retrained after her 12 year old daughter Michelle developed the disease She currently works at Southend Hospital Essex Over the last 60 years she has treated tens of thousands of patients things I would say to the government If you are going to get good care you have to have the resources 资源 you can t do it without enough money They shouldn t need the cuts that there are in the NHS It s hard now because there s a shortage of staff Jackie has lived alone in Grays Essex since her husband died three years ago The couple have two daughters Michelle 50 and Karen 54 Jackie added My youngest daughter worries about me she doesn t think I should work as much as I do I constantly say don t worry about me I m fine but she never believes me I don t like the thought of giving it up and will try to keep going forever 56 In which year was the NHS set up within 2 words 57 What does Jackie think of nursing within 6 words 58 When did Jackie retrain in the field of diabetes within 6words 59 What does Jackie wish the government to do within 7 words 60 Why does Jackie s daughter worry about her within 8 words 答案详解答案详解 56 回到原文找到讲述 NHS 成立的句子 In1953 when NHS was just five years old 1953 5 1948 题目要求字数在两个词以内 所以答案直接是 In 1948 57 可以回到原文这个句子 Nursing is hard if you do it correctly but I love my job 可以看出 她认为虽然困难 但是她却十分热爱 但题目要求控制在六个词以内 所以不能照搬原文 而要自己总结 可以简单写成 It s hard but she loves it 58 疑问词 when 作状语 按照上边的方法我们在文段中找到相关内容 She retrained after her 12 years old daughter developed this disease this disease 指的就是 diabetes 所以就要写明 是什么病 答案就是 After her daughter developed diabetes 59 文中原句 Jackie believes nursing should be protected from government cuts 所以她希望政 府不要在 nursing 上减少开支 what 在疑问句中作 wish sb 的宾补 由于字数的限制 所 以答案就用不定式简要回答 Not to make cuts in nursing 60 文中原句 she doesn t think I should work as much as I do 可知她女儿认为她工作量太大 所以答案是 She thinks her mother works too hard much 考例分析二考例分析二 2013 年四川省考试说明阅读表达年四川省考试说明阅读表达 1 Ashley Power s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight When she was thirteen she was surfing the Internet regularly but she couldn t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk And one day she thought If I had my own website I d make it a really interesting site for teenagers 2 So when Ashley was sixteen she launched her own website called GooseHead She had no idea how big a success it would be but three years later the site was the most successful teen site in the USA It was getting 100 000 hits every day and Ashley had about 30 employees 3 After a few years the website closed down Then Ashley who lives in Los Angeles was asked to write a book called The GoosHead Guide to Life The book is about how to design a website and start a business It begins with a section called All About Ashley where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen I was so happy But it was crazy in a lot of ways I got very stressed I mean I was only sixteen I didn t even have a car If you were sixteen and you had your own company you would be stressed too 4 In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them And don t listen when people tell you can t do it because I heard no a lot Just keep going until you hear yes 1 For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead within 10 words 2 What is the main idea of Paragraph 2 within 6 words 3 According to Paragraph 3 what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down within 10 words 4 How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company within 5 words 5 What is the key to success according to Ashley within 5 words 答案详解答案详解 1 第二段第一句 so 开头 说明答案应该在前面 第一段最后一句 If I had my own website I d make it a really interesting site for teenagers 再转换一下字数和人称得出答案 She wanted to create an interesting website for teenagers 2 这道题问的是第二段的大意 仔细阅读这一段就会发现有 how big a success the most successful getting 100 000 hits every d