高中英语语法-状语从句

1 高中英语重点语法复习高中英语重点语法复习 状语从句状语从句 一 状语从句的定义与分类一 状语从句的定义与分类 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句 状语从句通常 由一个连词引起 也可以由一个起连词作用的词组引起 状语从句一般分为九大类 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 重点与难点从句 时间 条件 让步从句重点与难点从句 时间 条件 让步从句 二 状语从句的分类用法 二 状语从句的分类用法 A 时间状语从句 时间状语从句 可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多 根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系 又可分类如下 1 表示同时性 表示同时性 即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生 其连词有 A when 当 的时候 while 当 的时候 as 当 的时候 三者区别如下 表 B by the time 到 时候为止 next time the first time the last time every each time By the time he got there the plane take off Every time I went to his house he was out C the moment the minute 一 就 as soon as immediately 一 就 instantly 一 就 directly 一 就 He made for the door directly immediately instantly he heard the knock She rushed into the room the minute the moment she heard the noise I ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him D hardly when 一 就 no sooner than 一 就 注意注意 这一对关联词引起的句子中 前面常用过去完成时 后面用一般过去时 No sooner 她一到家 than she started complaining He had come home she started complaining Hardly he speaking someone rose to refuse his points 他一说完 有人 就站起来反对 注意注意 as when while 用法一览表用法一览表 类别作 用例 句 as as 表示 当 的时候 它着重 强调主句与从句的动作同时或几乎 同时发生 可译为 一边一边 一 一 边边 随着随着 He looked behind from to time as he went 他一边走 一边不时地往后看 As time goes on it s getting warmer and warmer when 当 的时候 既可以表示 在某一点的时候 又可表示在 某一段时间内 when just at that moment 的的 意思意思 It was raining when we arrived 指时间点 When we were at school we went to the library every day 在一段时间内 We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went out while while 意思是 当 的时候 或 在某一段时间里 从句中的从句中的 动词一般要用动词一般要用 动词动词 趁趁 He fell asleep while when reading Strike the iron while it is hot She thought I was talking about her daughter 2 当主从句之间表示 关系关系 然而然而 表表 虽然虽然 用用 while While in fact I was talking about my daughter While we admit he is not perfect we still like him 2 表示先与后时 表示先与后时 即主句的谓语动作发生在从句之前或之后 主要连词有 after 在 之后 before 在 之前 等 如 After the children go to bed she began to prepare her lessons He learn English for three years before he went to London 注意注意 常用句型 常用句型 It is was will be 时间段时间段 before 要过多久才要过多久才 It isn t wasn t won t be 时间段时间段 before 没有过多久就没有过多久就 before we finish this task 要再过 5 天我们才能完成这个任务 before I forgot it all 我没有过多久就全忘了 3 表示持续性 表示持续性 主要连词有 since 自从 ever since 自从 until 直到 才 为 止 till 直到 才 为止 A since 自从 ever since 自从 常与常与 或或 时态时态 You to me ever since James went out 自从 James 走后你一直在给我朗读 The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged during the war and be silent ever since ever since 可以放在句末 since 则不能 My uncle went to Tibet in 1951 He live there ever since 常用句型常用句型 It is 时间段时间段 since It is just a week 我们到这儿刚刚一星期 B until 肯定句中 until 和 till 都可表示 直到 为止 与持续性动词连用 如 He waited until till 他一直等到我们吃完饭 Tom worked till 他儿子大学毕业 否定句中 until 和 till 表示 直到 才 时 通常与短暂动词连用 如 I didn t leave until 直到她回来 我才离开的 注意注意 当当 not until 位于句首时 主句中的主语 谓语要使用倒装语序位于句首时 主句中的主语 谓语要使用倒装语序 I didn t leave until she came back Not never until she came back I He did not realize his mistake until I pointed it out Not until 注意注意 其其强调句型为强调句型为 It was not until that I did not realize she was a famous film star until she took off her glasses It was she took off her dark glasses I realized she was a famous film star 2 地点状语从句 由 where 在 的地方 wherever 无论哪里 引导的 Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet He would keep in touch with us 不管他在哪里 注意注意 where 引导定语从句与状语从句区别 The lab where he did the experiment was bright 从句 where You d better make a mark where you have any questions 从句 where 3 原因状语从句 3 表示原因的状语从句可以由 as 由于 because 因为 since 既然 now that 既然 for 注注 because 不能与不能与 so 连用连用 I do it because I like it Now that Since you are all here let s try and reach a decision As she was ill she didn t come to the party 4 目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词有 so that 以便 in order that 为了 in case 以防万一 注意注意 目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词 can could may might should 连用 Let s take the front seats 以便能看得 more clearly Please take your umbrella with you 万一 it rains should rain 5 结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的主要连词有 so that 如此 以致 such that 如此 以致 等 注意注意 so 形容词形容词 副词副词 that 从句 从句 such adj 名词名词 that 从句从句 但是 当名词前有但是 当名词前有 many much few little 少少 修饰时 要用修饰时 要用 so 不能用不能用 such such a an adj n so adj a an n We left in a hurry that we forgot to lock the door The village is small that it cannot be shown in the map Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much Jenny is girl all the teachers like her very much I have had 这么多 falls 摔跤 that I am black and blue all over He has so 朋友少 that he often feels lonely I had little money then that I couldn t afford a little present 6 方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由 as 像 一样 as if 仿佛 好像 as though 仿佛 好像 引导 Do in Rome as the Romans do 入乡随俗 Leave things as they are 让一切顺其自然 注意注意 由 as if 或 as though 引导的从句中可用虚拟语气 She stood at the door as if as though she were waiting for someone 7 条件状语从句条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的从属连词 1 if unless if not 如果不 除非 否则 It is known to all that you exercise regularly you won t keep good health A unless B whenever C although D if 2 so as long as 只要 only if 3 once 一旦 4 on condition that 条件是 suppose supposing 如果 provided that 如果 8 让步状语从句让步状语从句 1 although though 尽管 虽然 even though even if 即使 引导的让步状语从句 Although though 可和 yet still 或 nevertheless 连用 但不能和 but 连用 Though he is in his sixties he works as hard as a young man A yet B but C and D and yet Allow children the space to voice their opinions they are different from your own A until B even if C unless D as though 2 as 引导让步状语从句 用倒装 n 表语表语 adj adv 状语状语 动词原形动词原形 as though S V Notes 4 Child he is he has learnt advanced maths A while B as C although D Despite 3 whether or 不管 还是 疑问词 when how what who ever no matter 疑问词 重点 重点 However adj adv S V Whatever n S V If we work hard we can overcome any difficulty no matter great it is If we work hard we can overcome any difficulty great it is If we work hard we can solve any problem difficulty there is If we work hard we can solve any problem no matter difficult it is A what B how C however D whatever The old tower must be saved the cost is A however B whatever C whichever D wherever 4 while 也可作从属连词 相当于也可作从属连词 相当于 although I accept that he is not perfect I do like him A While B As C Before D Unless 注意 状语从句的省略现象状语从句的省略现象 状语从句中如其主语与主句主语一致 而且从句动词中又状语从句中如其主语与主句主语一致 而且从句动词中又 含有含有 be 或从句主语是或从句主语是 it is was 时 则省略从句主语和时 则省略从句主语和 be 动词 或动词 或 it is was 1 时间状语从句中常见的省略现象省略现象 While in Beijing I paid a visit to the Summer Palace I prefer my milk a little sweetened whenever possible She always sings while doing her work As a child he used to swim in the river 2 条件状语从句中常见的省略现象省略现象 Come tomorrow if possible If so you must go back and get it Unless repaired the machine is of no use 3 方式状语从句中常见的省略现象省略现象 Some flowers shut up at night as if to sleep She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone The woman teacher left the classroom silently as though angry 4 其他状语从句的省略现象省略现象 Though explained many times he still felt puzzled 9 比较状语从句 The 比较级 the 比较级 倍数句型 倍数句型 倍数倍数 as as 倍数倍数 比较级比较级 than 倍数倍数 the n size weight length width height of 倍数倍数 n pron 倍数倍数 that of 倍数倍数 what 从句从句 5 题组训练题组训练 A 1 she likes the short but she can not afford it A Much although B Much as C D Although 2 time went by his theory proved correct A As B With C For D Because 3 Young he is he has learnt a lot about computer A while B as C although D Despite 4 a growing number of people can afford a car nowadays this may cause more problems involved in traffic accidents A As though B While C As D Even if 5 The old tower must be saved the cost is A however B whatever C whichever D wherever 6 Though many times he still felt puzzled A to explain B explained C having explained D being explained 7 Father was busy in working he often forgot rest or meals A very that B so that C such as D enough as 8 I will never forget that terrible accident it happened so long ago A only if B even though C only when D ever since 9 Shall we go on working Yes I prefer to have a rest A when B if C because D though 10 I usually watch TV in the evening I have to study for an examination A because B unless C while D the moment 11 Mary made coffee her guests were enjoying their meal A so that B although C while D as if 12 The man paid 3 times as the woman asked for A as high a price B as high as a price C as highly a price D as a high price 13 People in that country eat as they actually need every day A twice meat as much B twice as much meat C as twice much meat D meat as much twice 14 I ll accept any job I don t have to get up early A even though B though C in case D as long as 15 Why do you drink so much coffee Well it doesn t keep me awake in the nights I see no harm in it A although B if C unless D while 16 It is ten years I left home A when B after C since D as 17 He speaks English he speaks his mother tongue A so good as B as good as C so well as D as well 6 18 I saw the computer I showed great interest in it A At first B For the first time C Until D The first time 19 I don t think you ll be able to understand this formula 公式 you finish school A as if B only when C even D even when 20 I often visited Tian an Men Square I was staying in Beijing A until B during C while D throughout 21 He always thinks I m wrong I may say A no matter whatever B whatever C what D that 22 the rain has stopped let s continue to work A For B Now that C That D Because 23 Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her Yes I gave it to her I saw her A while B the moment C suddenly D once 24 I knew Mr Green I knew Mrs Green A long before B before long C long ago D after long 25 often you ring no one will answer A How B However C Whom D Whenever 26 Once it can never be forgotten A seen B to see C seeing D having seen Though many times he still felt puzzled A to explain B explained C having explained D being explained 题组训练题组训练 B 1 he met with the difficulty did he realize the importance of our help A Even though B Never until C Only before D Ever since 2 They waited it was dark before leaving they didn t want anyone to see them leave A since because B until as C unless for D so because 3 Take a cigarette please No thanks It s three years I smoked A before B since C after D when 4 I have realized the truth from my life story that suffering kills you it makes you stronger A thoughB beforeC ifD unless 5 Are you sure that he is able to do the work well he could give his mind to it A In caseB If only C On condition that D Unless 6 We must take measures to protect endangered wildlife it is too late A now that B as long as C unless D before 7 When you do the experiment again be more careful you made a mistake A when B why C where D in case 8 he said was right to her and that was why she decided to marry him happened A No matter that no matter thatB Whatever whichever C No matter what no matter whatD Whatever whatever 9 The thread of my kite broke and it flew away I told you it would easily break it was the weakest A when B there C that D where 10 You can the sky is clear see as far as the old temple on top of the mountain but 7 not today A whenB whereC thoughD because 11 Will you go to Tom s birthday party tomorrow No invited to A if B until C when D even though 12 The famous scientist was going out he found himself surrounded by lots of young people A when B before C while D after 13 life in a new country can be difficult it can broaden a person s view of the world A If B As C Because D While 14 It was five o clock in the afternoon they arrived at the hotel A since B before C that D when 15 you decide to take up you should try to make it a success A If B Whenever C Unless D Whatever 16 It is foolish to take a taxi you can easily walk to the station A before B that C unless D when 17 We made a decision there should be rain we would stay at home A that B if C that if D whether 18 problems you have you can always come to me for help A What B Whatever C Whichever D Which 19 I am sure that the boy is honest A Whatever people say B No matter people say C What people say D It doesn t matter people say 20 If we work with a strong will we can solve any problem hard it is A what B how C however D whatever 21 Not until all the fish died in the river how serious the pollution was A did the villagers realize B the villagers realized C the villagers did realize D didn t the villagers realize 22 It was it rained heavily that they didn t come A as B because C for D since 23 Try he might he couldn t get out of difficulty A when B where C till D as 题组训练题组训练 C 高考题组高考题组 1 I won t call you something unexpected happens 全国卷 I A unless B whether C because D while 2 We all know that the situation will get worse 全国卷 I A not if dealt carefully with B if not carefully dealt with C if dealt not carefully with D not if carefully dealt with 3 he had not hurt his leg John would have won the race 全国卷 II A If B SinceC ThoughD When 4 Pop music is such an important part of society it has even influenced our language 上海卷 A asB that C which D where 5 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water they are not managed carefully 上海卷 A thoughB beforeC until D if 6 I really don t like art I find his work impressive 山东卷 A As B Since C If D While 7 The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months it will be a long time we meet them again 安徽卷 8 A after B before C since D when 8 Leave your key with a neighbor you lock yourself out one day 北京卷 A ever since B even if C soon after D in case 9 Where s that report I brought it to you you were in Mr Black s office yesterday 北京卷 A if B when C because D before 10 The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities they have the interest 安徽 A wherever B whenever C even if D as if 11 Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees but they have eggs or young chicks they don t use a nest 湖南卷 A why B how C unless D where 12 He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to work 江西卷 A when B before C since D that 13 there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather the mail always comes on time 上海春 A Because B If C When D Unless 14 tomorrow our ship will set sail for Macao 上海春 A However the weather is likeB However is the weather like C Whatever is the weather likeD Whatever the weather is like 15 It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life we ve actually had that lesson 天津卷 A until B after C since D when 16 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice they knew it to be valuable 浙江卷 A as if B now that C even though D so that 17 My parents live in a small village They always keep candles in the house there is a power out 重庆卷 A ifB unlessC in case D so that 18 We had to wait half an hour we had already booked a table 辽宁卷 A since B although C until D before 19 Our holiday cost a lot of money Did it Well that doesn t matter you enjoyed yourselves 全国 A as long as B unless C as soon as D though 20 you may have you should gather your courage to face the challenge 上海秋季卷 A However a serious problem B What a serious problem C However serious a problem D What serious a problem 21 上海春季卷 some people stayed here for a short break others have decided to stay forever A Because B If C Once D While 22 Have you got any idea for the summer vacation 全国 I 卷 I don t mind where we go there s sun sea and beach A as ifB as long asC now thatD in order that 23 Do you have a minute I ve got something to tell you Ok you make it short 安徽 A now that B if only C so long as D every time 24 13 重庆 we have enough evidence we can t win the case A Once B As long as C Unless D Since 25 Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year 9 福建卷 A that B which C when D where 26 the Internet is of great help I don t think it s a good idea to spend too much time on it 湖南卷 A If B While C Because D As 27 He found it i