英语四级选词填空练习整理-附详细答案

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling No school I have taught in has ever spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill There are however vastly different ideas about how to teach it or howmuch it must be given over general language development and writing ability Theproblem is how to encourage a child to express himself freely and in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling If spelling become the only focal point of his teacher s interest clearly a 4 child will be likely to play safe He will tend to write only words within his spelling range choosing to avoid 5 language That s why teachers often 6 the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience This work is 7 There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible 难以辨认的 It may have been a sharP 8 of the pupil stechnical abilities in writing but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay which 9 some beautiful expressions of the child s deePfeelings The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors but if his priorities had centredon the child s ideas an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more 10 to seek improvement A priority B criticism C contained D clearlyE adventurous F discourage G motivation H terribleI ignored J difficult K encourage L expressedM confidently N bright O motive L expressed Answers 1 选 I 由该句中的 has 可知 此处应填动词过去式 且表达的含义应和后面的 consider unimportant 相近 故应排除 contained 和 expressed 而选择 ignored 2 选 A 此处应填名词 但能与后面 over 构成固定搭配的名词只有 priority 故排除 了 criticism 和 motivation 3 选 M 由空格前面的 and 可知 此处应填副词和 freely 并列 从句意来理解 在 没有拼写困难的情况下 怎样鼓励学生自由且 地表达自己 选项中只有 confidently 自信地 符合题意 4 选 N 很明显这里应填形容词 选项中 terrible difficult 后接事物名词 something 只有 adventurous 和 bright 可用来形容 somebody child 再由后面的 play safe 不冒险 可排除 adventurous 而选择 bright 5 选 E 由前一句中的 be likely to play safe 和空格前的 avoid 可以推知 此处 所填词的意思应与 play safe 表达的意思相反 故选项中只有 adventurous 符合题意 6 选 K 很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时 可选项有 encourage 和 persuade 由 That s why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系 而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围 内的词写文章 从而选择避免用那些不会的词 故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生 用字典 因此排除 persuade 而选 encourage 7 选 H 此处应填形容词 由空格后面的 too many spelling errors 和 illegible 可知 这篇文章是写的很糟 而不是很难理解 故排除 difficult 而选 terrible 8 选 B 此处应填名词 由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher 可知 前半句 是在指责学生 故选项中只有 criticism 符合题意 9 选 C 此处填动词过去式 本句中由 which 引导的从句是对 essay 的解释 剩 余选项中 contained 和 expressed 根据句意 文章 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达 故只有 contained 符合题意 10 选 G 此处应填名词 根据句意 如果老师更注重学生思想的表达的话 会给 学生更大的动力去寻求提高 故排除 motive 动机 原因 而选 motivation As is known to all the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex Generally speaking the Accounts Department is 1 for calculations of pay while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay If a firm wants to 2 a new wage and salary structure it is essential that the firm should decide on a 3 of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees In order to be 4 that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers In job evaluation all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description Each of thsoe requirements is given a value usually in points which are 5 together to give a total value for the job For middle and higher management a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job their responsibility and their 6 to solve problems Because of the difficulty in measuring management work however job grades for managers are often decided without 7 to an evaluation system based on points In attempting to design a pay system the Personnel Department should 8 the value of each job with these in the job market 9 payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed Where it is simple to measure the work done as in the works done with hands monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen for 10 workers where measurement is difficult methods of additional payments are employed A compare B responsible C useful D added E find F reference G indirect H method I successful J combined K Necessarily L capacity M ability N Basically O adopt Answers 1 选 B 此处应填形容词 原文意思为 会计部门 计算报酬 选项中的形容词 responsible 负责任的 useful 有用的 indirect 间接的 successful 成功的 其中 indirect 不能与 for 连用 排除 剩余几项中只有 B responsible 意义符合原句 其他均不 符合 故排除 2 选 O 此处应填动词原形 本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的 问题 选项中的动词原形有 compare 比较 find 找到 adopt 采纳 分别带入原文 只 有 adopt 最符合原文意思 故选 O 3 选 H 此处应填名词 从原文看 and 连接并列结构 所以要填的词应与 and 后面的 ways 意思一致 选项中的名词只有 mathod ways 故选 H method 4 选 I 此处应填形容词 上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现 的方法 说的是制度 是否有用 的问题 这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题 劳 资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件 形容词 useful 和 successful I seccessful 更符合原文意思 5 选 D 此处应填动词 这个动词的宾语是 point 分值 把分值 起来 to give a total value 得出总分值 选项中有 added 和 combined 前者指 把 相加 后者意为 把 结合 在一起 原文指将分值相加得出总分 故 D added 最符合文意 6 选 M 此处应填名词 首先 solve problem 解决问题 是经理们应具备的能力 选项中 的 capacity 与 ability 都可以表示 能力 前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力 而 后者强调实际应用的能力 故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用 M ability 7 选 F 此处应填名词 前半句指出 因为管理工作很难评估 经理的工作得分不需要参 照基于分值的评估系统决定 without reference to 为固定搭配 意思是 与 无关 故选 F reference 8 选 A 此处应填动词原形 原句中出现了 the value of each job 每种工作的价值 和 these in the job market 工作市场上的 工作价值 说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算 工资制度 选项中只有 compare 表示 比较 所以 A 正确 9 选 K 此处应填副词 修饰整句话 报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变 选项中 Necessarily 必须地 与 Basically 基本地 为副词 分别带入原文 报酬 的变化是必 须的 更符合上下文意思 故排除 N 选 K 10 选 G 此处应填形容词 前文中提到一种情况即 simple to measure the work done 易 于评估的工作 通常用现金奖励办法 而 measurement is difficult 难于评估的 说明这 些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接 因而是间接的 故选项中只有 G indirect 符合 原句的意思 Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer I always 1 such people but I also explain that there sa big difference between being a writer and writing In most cases these individuals are dreaming of 2 and fame notthe long hours alone at a typewriter You ve got to want to write I say to them not want to be a writer The reality is that writing is a 3 private and poor paying affair For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never 4 When I left a 20 year career in the US Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter 自由撰稿人 I had no 5 at all What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building It didn t even matter that it was 6 and had no bathroom I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a 7 writer After a year or so however I still hadn t gotten a break and began to 8 myself It was so hard to sell a storythat 9 made enough to eat But I knew I wanted to write I had dreamed about it for years I wasn t going to be one ofthose people who die wondering what if I would keeo putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with 10 and fear of failure This is the Shadow land of hope and anyone with a dream learn to live there A barely B genuine C rewarded D doubtE lonely F poverty G persuade H prospectsI uncertainty J impossibly K encourage L awardedM alone N wealth O cold Answers 1 选 K 此处应填动词的原形 可选项有 doubt persuade encourage 但由 always 推知 作者是在鼓励那些想要成为作家的人 而不是怀疑也不是说服 故排除 doubt 和 persuade 而选 encourage 2 选 N 由空格后的 fame 可知 此处应填名词 可选项有 prospects 和 wealth 但由 dreaming of 与第二段中 The reality is poor paying 可推知 那些想当作家的人梦想的是金 钱和名誉 而不是前途 故排除 prospects 而选 wealth 3 选 E 此处应填形容词 private poor paying 一起修饰 affair 选项中有 lonely 和 alone 能修饰 affair 的只有 lonely alone 表示 孤独的 时 通常作表语 故排除 alone 而选 lonely 4 选 C 此处应填动词的被动形式 可选项有 rewarded 和 awarded 前者可表示 为所 希望的举动得到的 回报 后者作动词时表示 颁发 授予 故只有 rewarded 符合题意而 排除 awarded 5 选 H 此处应填名词 当我辞别了我在美国海岸警卫队 20 年工作成为一个自由撰稿 人时 没有任何 可言 可选项有 prospects 和 wealth 但 wealth 一般指抽象意义上的 金钱 因此排除 wealth 而选 prospects 前途 6 选 O it 指代的是 apartment building 从 had no bathroom 可知这个公寓条件很差 选项中只有 cold 能说明公寓的条件差 故选择 O cold 7 选 B 我马上买了一台旧的手动打字机 感觉自己就好像是一个 的作家 由前 面提到的 to become a freelance writer 可推知 此处作者是想成为一个真正的作家 故选项 中只有 genuine 真正的 符合题意 8 选 D 由空格前的 to 可知 此处应填动词的原形 可选项有 doubt persuade encourage 但由 still hadn t gotten a break 在写作上还没有任何进展 所以此 处应理解为他开始怀疑自己的选择是否正确 故 doubt 符合文意 9 选 A that 从句结构完整 后面有 made 故此处应填副词 可选项有 barely 和 impossibly 因 that 引导的从句是对 story 的解释 再由 hard 一词可推知 此处应填的副词 应表达肯定的意思 故排除 impossibly 而选 barely 仅仅 刚刚 10 选 I 由空格后的 and 可知 此处应填名词 由 fear of failure 可知 所填词应表示 不好的境遇 可选项有 poverty 和 uncertainty 又由 fear 可推知 此处强调的是生活的变化 无常 而不是生活的贫困 故选 uncertainty Britain is not just one country and one people even if some of its inhabitants think so Britain is in fact a nation which can be divided into several 1 parts each part being an individual country with its own language character and cultural 2 Thus Scotland Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to 3 to England because their inhabitants are not 4 English They are Scottish Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue which in turn is 5 to the others These cultural minorities 少数民族 have been Britain s original inhabitants In varying degrees they have managed to 6 their national characteristics and their particular customs and way of life This is probably even more ture of the 7 areas where traditional ife has not been so affected by the 8 of industrialism as the border areas have been The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English An Irish temper is legendary The Scots could rather 9 about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances while the Welsh are famous for their singing The Celtic 10 as a whole produces humorous writers and artists such as the Irish Bernard Shaw the Scottish Robert Burns and the Welsh Dylan Thomas to mention but a few A incomprehensible B temper C remote D separate E understandable F forget G generally H temperament I preserve J strictly K traditional L reserve M growth N apply O belong Answers 1 选 D 此处应填形容词 修饰名词 parts 文章首句即提出观点 Britain is not just one country and one people 英国不只是一个国家和一个民族 又从后文的 invided into each part 以及 Individual country 可知英国被分成几个分离的部分 选项中只有 separate 表达了这个 意思 故 D 正确 2 选 K 此处应填名词 选项中有四个词 temper temperament traditions 和 growth 语言 等是一个民族的文化传统 故这里应该填 K traditions 其他几个名词不符合上下文 3 选 O 此处应填动词原形 前文中说明英国被分成独立的几部分 各自保存自己的文 化传统 后文中 because 说明苏格兰 北爱尔兰以及威尔士的居民不承认自己是 English 说明他们并不承认自己属于 England 故这里应该选择 O belong apply 也可以和 to 连 用 但 apply to 表示 将 应用于 不符合上下文意思 4 选 J 此处应填形容词或副词 选项中的副词有 generally 和 strictly 文中要表达的意 思是因为这几个部分都有自己的语言和文化传统 所以严格来说 他们不是 English 但 他们都属于 English 故 J strictly 符合文意 generally 一般地 大体地 放在原文意义上 不够严谨 三个形容词不能使语义通顺 5 选 A 从前文中 prefer to speak their own native tongue 即苏格兰语 苏格兰语和威尔士 语 那么这些语言对 the others 见注释 1 来说是陌生的 听不懂的 那么就不难从选项 中的 incomprehensible 和 understandable 中选择前者 故 A incomprehensible 不能理解的 正确 6 选 I 由 manage to 结构可知此处要填的是动词原形 选项中的动词原形还有 forget preserve 和 reserve 从下文中 traditional life has not been so affected 可知他们成功地 保存了自己的传统 排除 forget reserve 和 presserve 都有 保存 的意思 前者指存留起来 以派别的用场 后者指想办法保持原样 强调抵制破坏因素 故 I preserve 符合文意 7 选 C 此处应填形容词 从后文 where traditional life has not been so affected by the of industrialis 人们的传统生活受工业化 的影响没有那么大的地方 可以推知 这些地方是比 较偏远的地方 选项中的 C remote 偏僻的 遥远的 符合上下文意思 8 选 Mborder area 边界地区 的工业化发展的比 remote area 要快 所以此处要填的词 是表示上升 增长的词 表示工业化的发展 选项 M growth 增长 发展 符合上下文意 思 9 选 Fwould rather 和 prefer 意思相同 后面是宁愿让人记住他们的好的东西 民歌 舞蹈等 前面说的是过分节俭的坏名声 所以填入动词的意思应该与 remember 意思相反 选项中的 F forget 符合上下文意思 10 选 H 此处应填名词 选项中的名词还有 temper 和 temperament 前者指脾气 指情 绪上的主要特征 后者指特征 气质 尤指带感 彩的个性和在社交上的个性 这里 指的是整个凯尔特民族的特征 故 H temperament 正确 The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens 雅典 in 1896and only twelve nations participated Besides the host nationman participants were tourists who 1 to be in Greece atthe time Though the whole affair was 2 and the standardwas not high the old principle of amateur sport was kept up Since then the games had been held every four yearsexcept during the 3 of the two World War This was 4 adeparture from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stoPandmake way for the games The games have grown enormously in scale and 5 performances have now reached unprecedented heights Unfortunately the same cannot be said about their 6 standard Instead of Olympia the modern games are now held in differentcities all over the world Inevitably politics and commercialismget involvedas countries vie each other for 为 而互相竞争 the 7 to hold the games because of the politicalprestige and commercial profit to be 8 out of them Inthe 11 th games held in Berlin in 1936 Hitler who had newlycome to 9 in Germany tried to use the occasion for hisNazi propaganda For the first time the Olympic flame wasbrought all the way from Olympia to the games site in relays a marathon journey now often taking months to 10 A honour B accomplish C had D moralE arrive F occured G end H power I happened J definitely K Physical L informalM interruption N especially O irregular ANSWERS 1 选 I 空格中要填词为 who 引导的定语从句中的谓语动词 可知此处应填动词的过 去式 可选项有 had occurred 和 happened 首先空格所在的 who 引导的定语从句修饰的是 tourists 游客 happened to be in Greece 碰巧在希腊 是符合这样的语境的 而 had to 不得 不 和 occur to 表示 想起 想到 都不能使句意通顺 2 选 L and 引导两个意思相近的并列结构 由 the standard was not high 标准不高 可 知 此处要填的是和 not high 语气一致的形容词 再由前两句可知 参赛的国家很少并且 有很多很多游客参加了比赛 这说明这次比赛没有那么正式 选项中只有 informal 符合题 意 选项 irregular 则一般表示 形状 不规则的 安排 无规律的 与句意不符 故排 除 3 选 M 从句中的 except 可知在两次世界大战中没有比赛 说明的是奥运会因战争而 中断 选项中有 end 和 interruption 可表示停止 end 终断 表示某事中断后不再继续 interruption 中断 表示某事中断后仍然继续 故选择 interruption 4 选 J 本句主系表结构完整 由此可知 此处应填副词 修饰整个句子 选项中有 definitely 和 especially 从句意来理解 这 违背了古老的奥林匹克精神 将 definitely 显 然地 带入原文 符合原文的意思 而 especially 特别地 表示强调 而此处表示的则是通 过比较后得出结果 故排除 especially 5 选 K 奥林匹克比赛中的两个最重要的方面就是竞技水平和运动精神 由 grown enormously in scale 可知 现在参加奥林匹克运动会规模渐大 运动员逐渐增多 因此应理 解为体育竞技水平达到了前所未有的高度 因此应选 physical 6 选 D 此处应填形容词 由 Unfortunately 和 because of the political prestige and commercial profit 可推出 不幸的是各国竞争举办奥运的目的是为了政治威望与利益 可见 此处说明的是与体育成绩相对应的运动会的道德水准没有得到相应的提高 选项中只有 moral 符合题意 7 选 A 此处应填名词 各国争夺举办奥运会 to hold the games 是一种实力象征 也 是一种荣耀 选项中有 honour 和 power 可选 power 一般指 个人或团体所掌握或获得的 职权 故排除 power 而选 honour 荣幸 8 选 C 此处应填动词的被动形式 这里考查的是动词 have 的一个搭配用法即 have something out of something 从 中得到 故这里选这 C had 表示 举办奥运会带来的 政治威望和商业利润 9 选 H cme to power 是固定搭配 意为 开始 掌权 上台 10 选 B 此处应填动词的原形 可选项有 accomplish arrive 和 end arrive 一般指 到达 某地 end 强调的是 使某事 结束 因此都不能与 journey 搭配 故排除 arrive 和 end 而选 accomplish 完成 Nowadays is it possible to tell a person s class just by looking at him Physical details 1 tell us about health diet and type of work done A hundred years ago the working class very often lookd unhealthy small and were either too thin or too fat The upper classes were often 2 sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy Today living and working conditions have improved and such 3 would no longer be so true The clothes people choose to wear however do provide information about their 4 The most obvious way in which is for the amount of money spent on them Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer had money Clothes can provide other 5 as well The upper classes 6 to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non bright colours made of natural material like wool leather or cotton Lower working class people often choose clothes in bright colours made of man made material A sociological explanation for this would be that color and interest are mssing from their lives and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is 7 Clothes are 8 at a price within most people s reach New clothes make the wearer feel good and show some 9 of wealth to the outside world Today some new fashions are started by the lower working class people who want to look 10 and feel important They want people to look at them A available B background C different D tallE totally F taken G descriptions H degreeI clues J alone K appear L considerM full N hobby O fetched ANSWER 1 选 J 此处应填副词 可选项有 totally 和 alone 由前一句中 just 可推出 外 表上的细节仅仅能告诉我们这个人的健康状况 平时的营养状况以及他所从事的工作而不 能看出他所处的阶级 故排除 totally 而选 alone 惟一 2 选 D 此处应填形容词 因此此句和前一句是在将以前的工人阶级和上层阶级的身 体状况进行对比 故此处应填与 small 矮的 意思相反的词 选项中只有 tall 符合题意 而 full 丰满的 不能用来修饰 sporting types 故排除 3 选 G 此处应填名词 现在的生活和工作条件改善了 情况已经不同了 而 such 指 代的是上文中对一百年以前工人阶级和上层阶级的身体状况的身体状况的描述 故 descriptions 描述 符合题意 4 选 B 此处应填名词 根据句意 衣服可以提供 方面的信息 选项中有 background 和 hobby 选 background 人的背景 社会阶层 符合文章主题 5 选 I 由 as well 可知 此处应填名词且与本段首句中的 informaiton 的意思相近 选 项中只有 clues 线索 符合题意 6 选 K 此处应填动词的原形 选项中有 appear 和 consider appear 可直接接不定式 而 consider 带不定式的复合结构 用于主动语态时 consider 后面得接宾语 故选 appear 7 选 F 这句中 this 指代 bright colour 句子主干是 any opportunity is 可选项有 taken 和 fetched take 抓住 则可以与 opportunity 搭配 但 fetch 拿来 不能与 opportunity 构 成动宾搭配 故排除 fetched 而选 taken 8 选 A 此处应填形容词 句子意思是 衣服的价钱 大多数人都买得起 选项中 只有 available 可以接受的 符合题意 9 选 H 此处应填名词 由 a price within most people s reach 可推出 此处新衣服向外 界显示的是穿衣者的富裕程度 故选择 degree 程度 10 选 C 此处应填形容词 由 new fashions 和 feel important 可推出工人阶级想通过穿 衣来改变他们 而选项中只有 different 与众不同的 符合此意 故选择 C The typical pre industrial family not only had a good many children but numerous other dependents as well grandparents uncles aunts and cousions Such extended families were suited for survival in slow paced 1 societies But such families are hard to 2 They are immobile Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs and to move again whenever necessary Thus the extended family 3 shed its excess weight and the so called nuclear family emerged a stripped down portable family unit 4 only of parents and a small set of children This new style family far more 5 than the traditional extended family became the standard model in all the industrial counties Super industrialism however the next stage of eco technological development 6 even higher mobility Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlinling process a stePfurther by remaining children cutting the family down to its more 7 components aman and a woman Two people perhaps with matched careers will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status through job changes and geographic relocations than teh ordinarily child cluttered family A 8 may be the postponement of children rather than childlessness Men and women today are often torn in 9 between a commitment to career and a commitment to c