高三英语知识小结

1 英语常考知识小结 高三英语组 一 常考单词 短语 1 doubt 怀疑 have no doubt don t doubt that 不怀疑 确信 eg I don t doubt have no doubt that he ll come have some doubt whether doubt whether if be doubtful about if whether 怀疑 eg I doubt whether John will come on time 2 have faith in 对 信任 in good faith 真诚 诚心诚意 3 find fault with sb 找某人 某事物的错 埋怨某人 某事物 be at fault 有责任 有错 4 for the sake of 为了 起见 for the time being for the moment 暂时 眼下 5 fall into the habit of 染上 习惯 be in the habit of 有 习惯 out of habit 出于习惯 6 help oneself 各取所需 食物等 擅自拿取 7 impress 使铭记 impress sb with sth impress sth on upon sb 给某人留下 印象 8 insist on doing sth 执意继续做 stick to sth 坚持固有的理论观点 9 keep 短语 keep one s word 遵守诺言 keep sb company 陪伴某人 keep fit healthy 保持健康 10 live 短语 live up to 达到 符合 不辜负 他人的期望 live lead a life 过着一种 生活 11 long for sth 渴望得到某物 long to do 渴望做某事 12 实用短语 more often than not 通常 往往 一贯 more of a 算得上是 eg He is much of a writer 她称得上是一个作家 or rather to be exact 更确切地说 毋宁说 out of sight 看不见 在视野之外 out of sight out of mind 眼不见 心不想 13 owing to 由于 owe to 把 归功于 eg She owes her success to good luck 14 more or less 差不多 几乎 大约 next to 否定词 nothing impossible never 几乎不 eg I have seen him next to never 我几乎没有见过他 It s next to impossible to finish the work in such a short time 在这么短的时间内完成这项工作几乎不可能 2 15 in one s opinion in one s view judgment 依某人看 在某人看来 ask for seek one s opinion 征求某人的意见 16 be particular about sth 对 挑剔 in particular 尤其 especially 17 make a promise 许下诺言 break a one s promise break one s word 违背诺言 18 prove vt 从句 Prove linking verb adj 证明是 eg He proved his courage in that battle 他在那次战斗中证明了自己的勇气 The method proved to be highly effective 这个方法证明是非常有效的 19 refer to 谈及 涉及 参考 refer to sb as 把 称作 20 reflect sb sth in sth 从 映出某人 某物的影像 eg The sunlight was reflected in the water reflect on upon sth 沉思或思忆 往事 认真思考 21 relate to 有关联 be related to sth 与某事物有关 22 result from 因 发生 result in bring about cause lead to 导致 23 at one s own risk 自担风险 take a risk risks 冒险 做某事 at risk 有危险 at the risk of doing sth 冒着做某事的危险 risk doing sth run the risk of doing sth 冒险做某事 24 seek to do sth attempt to do sth 尝试 试图做某事 seek for 寻到 找到或得到 某事物 seek sought sought 25 side by side 肩并肩地 take sides 在辩论等中表示支持某人 偏袒 26 to one s taste 合 的品味 口味 eg He only reads the book which is to his taste a taste for sth 爱好 eg He has a taste for music He is fond of is keen on music 27 to one s n to one s heart s content 使 心满意足的是 to one s surprise amazement astonishment 使 惊讶的是 to one s great joy delight entertainment 使 非常高兴的是 much to one s satisfaction 使 满意的是 to one s horror sorrow disappointment 使 害怕 悲哀 失望的是 to the fullest 达到最大程度 充分 to the point 切中要害 切题 扼要 28 in a way in one way in some ways 在某种程度上 不完全地 in the sb s way 挡着 的路 妨碍 29 have a word with sb have a talk with sb 和某人谈话 have words with sb 和某人吵架 30 as far as 就 而言 when it comes to 谈到 至于 match 与 相配 称 比得上 3 eg As far as I am concerned I m not much of a footballer but when it comes to playing chess no one can match me in my class 就我来说 我不太会踢足球 但是谈到下棋 我们班里没有谁是我的对手 31 a great many a good many 复数名词 许多 非常多 eg A good many people are doing their part for the Hope Project 32 a handful of 可数 不可数名词 少量的 一把 很少的 a handful of rice 一把米 a handful of people 少数人 33 not at all 一点也 不 常用在否定句 疑问句 条件从句中 above all 首先 最重要的是 尤其 after all 毕竟 终究 用来提醒对方注意 first of all 首先 强调次序 in all 总共 总计 34 account for 说明原因 解释 eg I want to account for each sum of the money you spent 35 accuse sb of sth charge sb with sth 控告某人某事 eg He was accused of theft He was charged with theft 36 adapt adjust oneself to 使 自己 适应或习惯 adapt sth for sth 改变某事物 以便在不同的情况下运用 adapt a play 改编剧本 37 have gain win an advantage over 胜于 优于 take advanteage of 利用 占 的便宜 to one s advantage disadvantage 对某人有利 不利 38 all at once all of a sudden suddenly 突然 all the same 仍然 照样地 39 amount to add up to come to come up to 总共达到 实际上是 eg The cost amounts to 250 40 answer for be responsible for 对 负责 符合 41 anything but 决不 nothing but 只不过 只有 eg The film is anything but interesting The film is not interesting at all The film is not a bit not in the least far from interesting 这部电影一点意思都没有 He is nothing but a worker 他只不过是个工人 42 apologize to sb make an apology to sb 向某人道歉 43 appeal to 呼吁 要求 诉诸 上诉 有吸引力 eg The government is appealing to everyone to save water 政府呼吁每个人节约用水 44 apply for 提出申请 apply to 把 应用于 apply oneself to 专心从事 埋头于 eg He is applying for a job now 现在他正找工作 Students should apply themselves to their study 学生们应该专心致志地学习 45 as a result 作为 的结果 as a result of 由于 的原因 46 as far as 远到 就 而言 至于 as good as almost 和 几乎一样 as it is 事实上 实际情况是 in reality 已经 早就是 already 47 as to as regards sth with regard to sth regarding sth 关于 4 according to 依照 48 at all costs 不惜任何代价 无论如何 at the cost of sth 以 为代价 49 at ease without worries or problems 安逸地 comfortably 舒适地 eg They are living at ease 他们 过得很安逸 50 at hand 近在手边 在附近 即将发生 at peace 处于和平 或和睦 状态 at war 处于战争状态 at sea 在海上 at stake 在危险中 at risk 存亡攸关 危如累卵 吉凶未卜 51 at first sight 乍一看 乍看之下 at the sight thought of 一看见 一想起 就 eg They fell in love at first sight 他们一见钟情 At the sight of the frightening snake my hair stood on end 一看到那条可怕的蛇 我的头发都竖了起来 52 at the mercy of in the power of sb sth under the control of sb sth 任 摆布 在 面前无能为力 53 achieve one s goal 达到目标 achieve fame success 成名 取得成功 make great achievement 取得很大成就 54 act as 担当 充当 act on 生效 按 行事 eg A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind man The medicine doesn t act on me 那种药对我没有效果 55 add to 把 加到 上 add to 增加 increase eg If you add 5 to 3 you get 8 5 added to 3 is 8 5 加上 3 等于 8 Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night 焰火增添了节日夜晚的气氛 add up 加 合情合理 be reasonable make sense 常用于否定句 add up to 总计是 意味着 be equivalent to sth indicate sth eg His story just doesn t add up 他的故事没有道理 Running faster being stronger and having good technigues don t add up to victory in sports 56 agree to 同意 提议 计划 方案 打算 主意等 agree with 与 意见一致 同意 某人的见解 意见 观点 agree on 关于 达成一致意见 一致同意 eg He agreed to my sugestion He agreed with my idea my words what I said We agreed on the plan price in agreement with 与 一致 与 相符合 reach come to an agreement with sb 与某人达成协议 eg He is in agreement with me about how to settle the problem We have already come to an agreement with them 57 aim to do sth aim at doing sth 致力于做某事 be aimed at 针对 旨在 58 apart from 除去 除 外 即 除了含有此部分以外 还含有其他部分 besides 除去 除 外 与 apart from 同义 通常二者可替代使用 in addition to 另外 除 之外 5 59 admit to sth doing sth 承认 招认 做了 某事 be admitted to 被录取到 60 ahead of 在 前面 优于 超过 beforehand in advance 提前 61 announce sth to sb announce to sb sth to 不能省略 通知 宣布 make an announcement 发布通知 62 appreciate sth doing sth 欣赏 感谢 63 argue with sb about over sth 关于某事 物与某人争辩 argue reason persuade sb into out of doing sth 说服某人 不干某事 64 around the corner 临近 在附近 draw near 临近 65 a waste of time money 浪费时间 金钱 66 as firm as rock 坚如磐石 as easy as ABC 极容易 as busy as a bee 极忙碌 as white as snow 雪白 as strong as a horse 壮如牛 as as possible as as sb can 尽量 eg He runs as fast as possile He runs as fast as he can 他尽可能地快跑 67 as well 也 还 同样 as well as 既 又 连接两个并列成分 但不能连接句子 68 set put aside 撇开 置之不理 把 放在一边 留出 拔出 分开或留出以备专用 69 at sb s expense 由某人出钱 at the expense of 以 为代价 70 at the most not more than 最多 at the least no less than 至少 71 attend to 留心 注意 attend on upon sb wait on serve look after sb 照顾 服饰某人 72 bargain with sb about over for sth 同某人就某物 某事讨价还价 进行协商 谈条件 bargain for on 指望 期待 预料 73 base A on B A be based on B A 以 B 为基础 on the basis of 以 为基础 sb be based in place sb in 把某人安置在 某地进行工作和活动 以 为基础 74 be absent from 缺席 in the absence of 在 不在 缺席的情况下 75 be about to do sth be on the point of doing sth 即将 将要 76 be accepted recognized as 被承认 认可是 77 be anxious for about 为 担心 be anxious for sth be eager for long for 对 渴望 78 be viewed seen looked on thought of referred to regarded as 被认为是 79 be against 反对 be for be in favor of 赞成 be afraid of doing sth 担心会 对 有顾虑 be afraid to do sth don t dare to do sth 不敢做某事 80 by accident by chance 偶然地 on purpose intentionally by design 故意地 81 be angry at about sth 因 而生气 be angry with sb 对 生气 82 be busy in doing sth be busy with at over about sth 忙于 做 某事 be kept busy in doing sth 被迫 为 忙碌 83 be equal to 与 相等 be equal to doing 胜任 equal sb in 在 方面与某人匹配 6 84 be familiar with sth 熟悉 通晓某事 物 be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉 85 be fond of 表示习惯性的 喜欢 爱好 不与具体的时间状语连用 be puoud of take pride in 为 而自豪 以 为荣 be bathed in 笼罩 沐浴在 eg The whole school is bathed in the sunlight 整个学校沐浴在阳光中 86 be made up of 由 组成 be made of 用 制成 可看出原材料 be made from 用 制成 看不出原材料 87 be used accustomed to sth doing sth 习惯于 88 blame sth on 把某事归咎于 take the blame 承担责任 be to blame 应受谴责 be to let 被 出租 eg The house is to let 此房出租 89 be rich in 盛产 含有丰富的 充满 be poor in 贫乏 缺乏 90 be certain sure of 确信 对 有把握 be certain sure to do sth 必然 一定会 make certain sure of that 弄清楚 确保 eg I m sure of my success passing the exam 我确信会成功 会通过考试 主语自我感觉 He is sure to come 他肯定会来 别人对主语的看法 Please make sure of the date for the meeting 请弄清开会的日期 To keep healthy you must make sure that you diet is varied and balanced certain 和 sure 的区别 It s certain that he will come It 作形式主语只能用 certain 他肯定会来 Be sure to be on time for the meeting 祈使句只能用 sure 务必要准时参加会议 91 be active in 在 方面积极 be addicted to 沉溺于 成瘾 be after 追求 寻找 be aware conscious of 知道 意识到 认识到 92 be crazy about be mad enthusiastic about be keen about on 对 疯狂 狂热 like crazy 疯狂地 eg He s crazy about dancing 他热衷于跳舞 They are dancing like crazy 他们在疯狂地跳舞 She s keen on sailing 她喜爱航行 93 be determined to do sth 决心做某事 94 keep an eye on upon take care of look after 照看 留意 keep an eye out for sb sth watch look out for be cautious of 当心 注意 95 be fed up with 对 感到厌烦 腻了 be tired of be bored with 厌烦了 be hard on sb be strict with sb 过于严厉地对待某人 96 be generous mean with 用 很大方 小气 be generous mean to sb 对某人宽大 刻薄 97 be ignorant of 对 不知道 不了解 out of ignorance 出于无知 98 be in debt 欠债 be in favor of 支持 有利于 7 be in sympathy with 赞同 同情 99 be jealous envious of 嫉妒 be located situated 位于 坐落在 be loyal to 忠于 be marked with 标明了 100 be on a diet 节食 be on the increase 在上涨 增加 101 be popular with 受欢迎 be absorbed in 专心致志于 be cross angry with sb at sth 对某人 某事生气 be responsible to sb for sth 为 向 负责 be skilled at 擅长 be supposed expected to do 应该做 被期望做 be willing content to do sth 情愿做某事 be content satisfied with 对 满意 102 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 be worthy of being done be worthy to be done 值得做 It is worthwhile to do sth doing sth eg The brave boy is worthy of being praised The brave boy is worthy to be praised The brave boy is worthy of the praise The brave boy is worth the praise 103 bear keep in mind 记住 牢记 break the ice 打破僵局 打破沉默 打破难堪 104 believe in 信任 信仰 认为 有价值 believe it or not 信不信由你 105 belong to 属于 106 begin start with 以 开始 以 为起点 to begin start with 首先 107 bring sth to an end put an end to sth 使 结束 bring about cause result in lead to 导致 108 build up 逐步建立 加强 burn down burn to the ground 把 烧成平地 burn up 烧掉 烧毁 109 burst into laughter out laughing 突然哈哈大笑 burst into tears out crying 突然哭起来 110 by mistake in error 错误地 111 in the air not fully planned or settled 在空中 悬而未决 on off the air broadcasting not broadcasting 正在广播 停播 112 It is out of question 那是毫无疑问的 相当于 beyond question It is out of the question 那是根本不可能的 相当于 impossible 113 another 3 days 3 more days He will stay here for another 3 days He will stay here for 3 other days He will stay here for 3 more days 114 一 就 As soon as The moment The instant The second Immediately Directly Instantly he arrived in 8 London he telephoned me He had hardly scarcely barely arrived in London when he telephoned me Hardly Scarcely Barely had he arrived in London when he telephoned me He had no sooner arrived in London than he telephoned me No sooner had he arrived in London than he telephoned me 115 表条件 If you work hard you will make progress in English Working hard you will make progress in English Work hard and you will make progress in English If you don t work hard you will not make progress in English Work hard or you will not make progress in English Unless you work hard you can t make progress in English 116 表因果 Because of Owing to the fact that he was sick he failed to attend the party He was sick so he failed to attend the party Being sick he failed to attend the party He was sick and therefore thus as a consequence as a result in consequence he failed to attend the party The reason why he failed to attend the party was that he was ill 117 表目的 1 We learn English in order to so as to understand the world better We learn English for the prepose of understanding the world better We learn English so that in order that we can understand the world better We learn English for the sake of understand the world better 2 I will not make a noise lest I should wake the baby I will not make a noise in case I should wake the baby I will not make a noise for fear that I wake the baby I will not make a noise for fear of waking the baby 118 表示好处 It does us a lot of good It benefits us quite a lot It is beneficial to us It is of great benefit to us Books are like friends They can help us know the world better and they can open our minds and widen our horizons Therefore reading extensively is of great benefit to us 119 表示坏处 It has more disadvantages than advantages It does us much harm It is harmful to us However every coin has two sides Television can also be harmful to us It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television 120 表示措施 We should take some effective measures We should solve the problem that we are confronted faced with The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious Therefore we must take some effective measures to solve it 121 表示变化 Some changes have taken place in the past five years A great change will certainly be produced in the world s communications 9 The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek Nowadays more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein and from fruit and vegetables to milk for vitamins 122 表示数量 It has increased decreased from to The population in this city has now increased decreased to 800 000 The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January 123 表示结论 In short it can be said that It may be briefly summed up as follows From what has been mentioned above we can come to the conclusion that the examination is necessary but its method should be improved 124 表让步 1 Although Though he was tired he went on working Tired as though he was he went on working He was tired but he went on working He was tired However he went on working 2 He was tired nevertheless he went on working In spite of Despite his tiredness he went on working In spite of Despite the fact that he was tired he went on working Regardless of his tiredness he went on working 125 no matter wh clause They were warmly welcomed wherever they went No matter where they went they were warmly welcomed Everywhere they went they were warmly welcomed 126 表结果 He worked so hard that he got good results He worked so hard as to get good results He worked hard enough to get good results He worked hard so that he got good results 127 no 比较级 than 表示 A 和 B 都不 not 比较级 than 表示 A 不如 B This book is no more interesting than that one 这本书和那本书都无趣 This book is not more interesting than that one 这本书不如那本书有趣 128 more adj n than adj n 与其说 倒不如说 My uncle Pliny the elder looked more asleep than dead 与其说我叔叔老普林尼死了 倒不如说他睡着了 He is more of a student than of a teacher 与其说他是个老师倒不如说他是个学生 129 can t can never 和 too too much enough 搭配表示 无论怎样 都不过分 While you are doing your homework you can t be careful enough 你做作业的时候 越仔细越好 130 There 系动词 be seen no doing sth It s impossible to do sth 做某事时不可能的 There is no finishing the work in such a short time It s impossible to finish the work in such a short time 在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的 10 There is little time left so there is no arriving there on time 几乎没时间了 我们不可能按时到达那里了 131 had hoped to do hoped to have done 表示过去未曾实现的希望 打算或意图 类似的还有 except think intend mean suppose want 等表示希望和打算的词 I had hoped intended meant expected wanted to call on my grandfather the other day but I was prevented by a heavy rain 我原打算那天去拜访我爷爷的 但是一场大雨阻止了我 132 prefer to do rather than do would rather do than do would do rather than do 愿意干 而 不愿意干 Rather than take a crowded bus he always prefers to ride a bicycle 比起挤公交汽车 他更愿意骑自行车 133 sth occurred to struck sb 某人突然想到某事 A good idea occurred to me A good idea suddenly struck me Suddenly I thought out a good idea 我突然想出一个好主意 二 常考句式 句型 1 before 句型 1 before sb can could 某人还没来得及 eg The phone rang in the middle of the night and they hung it up before I could answer it 半夜三更电话响了 我还没来得及接电话 对方就把电话挂了 2 It will be 时间 before 还有多长时间 eg It will be 4 years before he graduates 他还有四年时间就毕业了 3 had done some time before 才 eg They had sailed three days and three nights before they saw land 他们航行了三天三夜才见到陆地 4 had not done before 不到 就 eg We hadn t walk a mile before he felt tired 我们还没走到一英里路他就觉得累了 5 It was not 一段时间 before 不多久就 eg It wasn t two years before he left the country 还没到两年他就离开了那个国家 2 when 句型 1 be doing sth when 正在做某事时突然 2 be about to do sth when 正要做某事 突然 3 had not hardly just done sth when eg He had not fallen asleep when the telephone rang 他刚要入睡电话就响了 4 had just done sth when eg I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang 在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝 电话铃就响了 3 seem 句型 1 It seems to sb that 从句 eg It seemed that everyone was satisfied 看来好像每个人都很满意 11 2 There seems to be eg There seems to be a heavy rain 看起来要有一场大雨 3 It seems as if eg It seemed as if she couldn t come to class 看样子她不能来上课了 4 表示 刚一 就 的句式 1 as soon as eg Must I hand in my report as soon as class is over 下课时我就必须交作业吗 2 no sooner than eg No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang 他刚一坐下 电话就响了 3 hardly when before eg She had hardly sat down when the phone rang 她刚一坐下 电话就响了 4 on doing sth eg What was your reaction on seeing him 你刚看见他的时候是什么反应 5 since 自从 以来 since 引导的状语从句 谓语动词为延续性动词用完成时 为短暂性动词用一般过去时 表示其本义 如 eg I ve never seen him since he fell ill 短暂性动词 一般过去时 他生病以后 我就再也没有见过他 eg I ve never seen him since he had been ill 延续性动词 过去完成时 自从他生病之后 我就再也没有见过他 如果 since 引导的状语从句使用了延续性动词的一般过去时 则应该理解为自从有过某事到现在 也 就是说 此时从句应该翻译为否定含义 eg I ve never seen him since he was ill 延续性动词 瞬间时态 他病好之后 我就再也没见过他 It is has been 时间段 since 从句 自从 到现在多久了 eg It is has been two years since his father died 他父亲去世已经两年了 since 从句如果是