宾语从句讲练

宾语从句练习 宾语从句梳理 一 宾语从句的连接词 1 连词 that 只起连接作用 在从句中不作句子成分 也无词汇意义 在口语中常被省略 eg He knew that he should work hard 2 连词 if whether 它们起连接作用 在从句中不作句子成分 作 是否 解 在口语 中多用 if eg Tom don t know if whether his grandpa liked the present He asked me whether or not I was coming 一般情况下 if 和 whether 可以互换 但以下 3 种情况只能用 whether 在不定式前 Whether to go there or not hasn t been decided 在介词前 It depends on 依靠 whether it is going to rain 与 or not 连用 They are talking about whether to go there or not 3 连接代词 who whom whose what which 连接副词 when where why how 它们起连 接作用 作句子成分 各有自己的意义 eg The teacher asked the new students which class he was in I wonder where he got so much money 注意 1 由连接代 副词引导的宾语从句可以和 疑问词 不定式 结构转化 eg I don t know how I should do with the presents I don t know how to do with the presents 2 要注意区分判断由 if when 引导的从句类型 二 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述语序 即 连接词 主语 谓语 其它成分 特别强调 它的主语和 谓语的语序是陈述语序 而不是疑问句的倒装结构 Can you tell me who m do we have to see Can you tell me who m we have to see The teacher asked the students what they were doing 思考 what 在从句中的成分 陈述句变为宾语从句时 要注意人称和时态的变化 语序不变 eg She said I will leave a message on the desk She said she would leave a message on the desk 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时 也要注意人称和时态的变化 后面接陈述语序 Eg Where are the tickets I asked him I asked him where the tickets are 三 宾语从句的时态呼应 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态 常常受到主句谓语时态的制约 此为时态呼应 如果主句谓 语是一般现在时或将来时 从句谓语的时态不受限制 如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时 从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成 时 eg I thought that you are free today I thought that you would be free today 注意 当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时 不管主句谓语的时态如何 从句都用一般现在 时 eg The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun 四 其他需要说明的问题 1 标点由主句决定 如主句是陈述句 祈使句 则用句号 是疑问句则用问号 eg I heard she had been to the Great Wall Can you tell me which bus I should take 2 要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致 五 宾语从句和状语从句的区分 eg 1 I will go out tomorrow if it is fine 2 I don t know if the train has arrived 句 1 中 if 引导的是状语从句 这个从句表示 条件 修饰主句 整个句子的意思是如果 明天天气好 我就出去 句 2 中 if 引导的是宾语从句 充当谓语动词 don t know 的宾语 整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达 判断方法 1 可以从整个句式看 状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面 个别除外 宾语从句 只能放在主句谓语动词之后 2 从引导词看 if 充当宾语从句的连接词时 相当于 whether 词义为 是否 充当状 语从句的连接词时 词义为 如果 when 充当宾语从句的连接词时 意为 什么时候 充当状语从句的连接词时 意为 当 的时候 3 从时态看 if 和 when 作连接词时 引导宾语从句要注意 从句的谓语动词的时态应根 据主句的时态作相应的变化 if 和 when 充当从属连词时 引导条件和时间状语从句 若主 句的谓语动词用一般将来时 则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来 同步检测 一 用合适的连接词填空 1 Wang Hai told me he didn t go cycling yesterday afternoon how why 2 Can you tell me else is going to be on duty today who whom 3 She said it wouldn t matter much that if 4 He always thinks he can do better how who 5 I really don t know the bridge will be finished how long how soon 6 They don t know we are going hiking 7 She wanted to know her coat would be ready the next day 8 I was really surprised at I saw 9 I don t know so many people crowding round him 10 Do you know shirt it is 二 句型转换 1 When does the train arrive Please tell me 改为宾语从句 Please tell me 2 What does he do Do you know 改为宾语从句 Do you know he 3 Do they want fried chicken He asked the boys 改为宾语从句 He asked the boys they fried chicken 4 Was the watch made in Shanghai I don t know 改为宾语从句 I don t know the watch made in Shanghai 5 Do you want to try something new Tom s mother asked him 同义句 Tom s mother asked him to try something new 6 I think this is a good idea 改为否定句 I this a good idea 7 Lucy hasn t decided which trousers to buy 改为复合句 Lucy hasn t decided buy 8 I don t know how I can get to the hospital 改为简单句 I don t know to the hospital 三 选择题 1 I don t know he will be back home A who B what C when D where 2 Could you tell me A where do you live B who you are waiting for C who were you waiting for D where you live in 3 Do you still remember A that he said B what he said C did he say that D what did he say 4 I can t understand the boy alone A why she left B why did she leave C why she had left D why had she left 5 She told me the sun in the east A rise B rose C rises D had risen 6 They tried to find out the new train A how far had gone B how long has gone C how far went D how far had run 7 The manager came up to see A what was the matter B what the matter was C what the matter is D what s the matter 8 Can you tell me A where are you doing B where do you study C where you were doing D where yu study 9 I can t understand the boy alone A why she let B why did she leave C why had she left D why she had left 10 He asked his father A where it happens B where did it happen C how it happened D how did it happen 11 No one tells us so we need your help A how we should do B what should we do C how to do it D what to do it 12 Could you please teach me the computer A how check B to check C how to check D to how checking 13 he ll come or not isn t important A Why B If C Whether D What 14 Would you like to know they will do it or not A if B that C whether D why 15 Where do you think he the TV set Sorry I ve no idea A bought B has bought C did buy D did bought 16 Our homework has changed a lot Who can tell it would be like in five years A how another B what more C how other D what another 17 Could you tell me Yes He to the USA A where is he has been B where he is has gone C where was he has been D where he was has gone 18 Mike wants to know if a picnic tomorrow Yes But if it we ll visit the museum instead A you have will rain B you will have will rain C you will have rains D will you have rains 19 I don t know if he tomorrow If he I ll meet him A will come comes B comes comes C will come will come D comes will come 20 I really don t know if she it when she A finds arrives B finds will arrive C will find will arrive D will find arrives 宾语从句专项练习 一 选择填空 1 Don t worry I ll show you A where is the hospital B where the hospital is C the hospital is where 2 Can you tell me A where does Lilei work B where did Lilei work C where Lilei works 3 Do you know from Wuhan to Beijing A how far it is B how far is it C how long it is 4 Do you think an English film tomorrow night A there is going to have B there is going to be C will there be 5 Could you tell me it snows in winter in Australia A that B which C whether D what 6 I don t know if it tomorrow If