2012年中考英语一轮复习9B Unit4讲解牛津版

用心 爱心 专心1 UnitUnit 4 4 GreatGreat people people 9B9B 中考无敌语法中考无敌语法 定语从句定语从句 定语从句的定义定语从句的定义 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 定语从句通常紧跟在它所修饰的名词 或代词之后 这种名词或代词叫做先行词 即 先行词 定语从句 定语从句分为限制性 定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种 引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词或关系副词 关系 代词有 who whom which that whose 在定语从句中可用作主语 宾语或定语 whose 关系副词有 when where why 在定语从句中只用作状语 先行先行 词词 关系代关系代 词词 关系词在定语从句中的关系词在定语从句中的 成份成份 先行先行 词词 关系副词关系副词关系词在定语从句中的关系词在定语从句中的 成份成份 人 who 主语 宾语时间 when 状语 人 whom 宾语时间 which that 宾语 物 which 主语 宾语地点 where 状语 人 物 that 主语 宾语地点 which that 宾语 人 物 whose 定语 表示所属关系原因 why 状语 the reason why 注意 注意 whose of which of whom when 介词 which where 介词 which why for which 如果关系代词前有介词 只能用 which 或 whom 且不能省略 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词关系代词 who who whomwhom 的用法的用法 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是人的时候用关系代词 who whom that 关系代词在定语从句 中作主语时用 who that 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时用 who whom that 并且可以省 略 通常用 who 代替 whom 但 whom 不能代替 who 关系代词作主语时 定语从句的谓语动 词的数取决于先行词的数 即定语从句的动词形式与先行词保持一致 注意 先行词为 one ones anyone 或 those 时 关系代词只能用 who Let s count the people who that are present 注意定语从句中动词的形式 Is he the man who that has saved three children during the snowstorm 注意 定语从句中动词的形式 The person who that whom you wish to see has come 关系代词关系代词 which which thatthat 的用法的用法 当定语从句所修饰的先行词是物时 用关系代词 which that 关系代词在定语从句中作宾 语时可以省略 需注意以下两种情况 当定语从句中动词短语含有介词时 若介词后置 可使用关系代词 which that 并且可以省略 若介词置于关系代词之前 只能用 which 并且不能省略 The book which that tells us a true story is well worth reading Here is the car which that I bought last month The parade in which he took part is called Disney parade The parade which that he took part in is called Disney parade 关系代词关系代词 whosewhose 的用法的用法 关系代词 whose 可用于指人或物的先行词 whose 在定语从句中作定语 先行词与 whose 之后的词是所属关系 当先行词是人时 whose of whom 当先行词是物时 whose of 用心 爱心 专心2 which I d like a house whose doors face south I d like a house the doors of which face south He is the boy whose father is a famous writer He is the boy the father of whom is a famous writer 下列情况下只用关系代词下列情况下只用关系代词 thatthat 当先行词是以下指物的不定代词时 all none much any little few anything nothing everything I believe all that you told me Tell us everything that you know 当先行词被以下词修饰 并且指物时 all any every each few little much no some the very the same one of the only 注意 one of 人 关系代词 who that one of 物 关系代词 that You should put away all the presents that your friends gave you on your birthday I have some things that I have to do today They ve offered a reward of 5 000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer This is the very book that I have been looking for 这是我一直寻找的那本书 She is the only one of us that knows French 特别提醒 the only 修饰先行词 时必须用关系代词 that It is the same song that I heard yesterday afternoon 当先行词是序数词 形容词最高级 或被序数词 形容词最高级修饰时 Miss Wang is the first teacher that taught me English He is the last man that I want 他是我最不想见的人 Hangzhou is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited 当先行词中既有人又有物时 e g We talked about the persons and things that we remembered at school 当主句是由 who 或 which 开头的疑问句时 Which is the book that was written by Guo Jingming Who is the murderer that killed the young bright engineer 下列情况不用关系代词下列情况不用关系代词 thatthat 介词之后用 whom 人 或 which 物 引导非限制性定语从句用 who whom whose 人 或 which 物 当先行词为当先行词为 somethingsomething 时 关系代词既可用时 关系代词既可用 thatthat 也可用 也可用 whichwhich Painting is something that which I really enjoy doing We need something that which is of use to us 特殊形式 特殊形式 the way you speak the way that you speak the way in which you speak 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词关系副词 whenwhen 的用法的用法 当定语从句的先行词是时间名词 关系词在定语从句中作状语时用 when 或介词 which 常用 the time when 关系词在定语从句中作宾语时 用 which that 并且可以省略 This is the hour when the streets are full of people She still remembers that day when on which she was chosen as the hostess of 用心 爱心 专心3 the charity show I ll never forget the summer holiday which that I spent in Beijing with my parents 关系副词关系副词 wherewhere 的用法的用法 当定语从句的先行词是地点名词 关系词在定语从句中作状语时用 where 或介词 which 常用 the place where 关系词在定语从句中作宾语时用 which that 并且可以省略 This is the factory where in which Mr Smith worked ten years ago This is the factory which that Mr Smith worked in ten years ago This is the town where he grew up 关系副词关系副词 whywhy 的用法的用法 当定语从句的先行词是 reason 时 关系副词用 why for which 常用 the reason why for which We don t know the reason why he hasn t come yet We don t know the reason for which he hasn t come yet 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的修饰成分 如果去掉 主句的意思就不完整 或失去意义 这种定语从句与主句的关系十分密切 与主句之间不能用逗号分开 非限制性定语从句与主句关系不十分密切 只是对先行词作附加说明 如果去掉 主句的 意思仍然完整 这种定语从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开 不用 that 引导 He has two sisters who work as reporters 他有两个姐姐 她们是记者 他只有两 个姐姐 Mrs Wang wh