定语从句及经典例题汇编

编制人 审核人 时间 1 高高考考英英语语语语法法复复习习 定定语语从从句句 概概念念 在复合句中 用来修饰某个名词 代词或整个句子的从句叫做定语从句 一 定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导 一 定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导 1 关系代词 who whom whose which that as 2 关系副词 when where why 二 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 二 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1 限制性定语从句 从句与主句关系密切 去掉从句 主句意义不完整 甚至不合逻辑 e g I was the only person in our office who was invited 去掉定语从句 意思就不完整 2 非限制性定语从句 从句对先行词关系不密切 去掉定从句 意思仍然完整 形式上用逗号隔开 不能用 that 引导 e g Tom s father who is over sixty still works hard day and night who 引导非限制性定语从句 整个句 子可分成两句来翻译 三 关系代词的用法 三 关系代词的用法 1 who 指人 引导限制性定语从句可做主语和宾语 引导非限制性定语从句只做主语 whom 指人 作宾语 a The person is standing at the school gate is my best friend b The person they are talking about is my best friend 2 that 指人 物 作主语 宾语 表语 只能引导限制性定语从句 a The person is standing at the school gate is my best friend b The person they are talking about is my best friend c My hometown is no longer the place it was ten years ago d He is not the man he used to be 3 which 指物 作主语 宾语 The book I am reading is written by Thomas 4 whose 指人 物 作定语 1 He lives in a big house window faces the sea He lives in a big house the window of which faces the sea He lives in a big house of which the window faces the sea 2 Mr Smith house was robbed reported it to the police Mt Smith the house of whom was robbed reported it to the police 编制人 审核人 时间 2 Mt Smith of whom the house was robbed reported it to the police 5 as 指人 物 作主语 宾语 表语 与 the same such so 连用 引导限制性定语从句 Here is so big a stone as no one can lift Here is such a big stone as no one can lift This is the same pen as I lost yesterday 同样的但不是同一支 This is the same pen that I lost yesterday 是同一支 引导非限制性定语从句 既可放在主句之前 也可放在主句之后 用来修饰整个句子 as 常用在以下结构中 而 which 引导的非限制性定语从句放在主句之后或主句之中 as 主语 see know expect imagine suppose as is seen known expected imagined supposed announced as often happens as has been said before as is often the case As is known to all Taiwan is part of China As Engels pointed labor created man himself He went abroad as we expected 即学即用 1 They wouldn t agree to sell the house to us at the same price they had promised was rather disappointing A which as B as that C as which D that that B2 Whenever I met her was fairly often she greeted me with a sweet smile A that B which C what D when 注意事项注意事项 1 that 与与 which 的区别的区别 1 用 that 而不用 which 的情况 先行词为不定代词 all anything nothing 先行词有最高级 修饰 有序数词修饰 先行词有 the only the very any 等词修饰 先行词既有人又有物时 当主 语是以 who which 等开头的特殊疑问句时 用 that e g There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill This is the best film that I have ever seen Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows Who is the girl that is hurrying to school 2 用 which 而不用 that 的情况 引导非限制性定语从句 代表整个主句的意思 介词 关系代词 e g He had failed in the maths exam made his father very angry 编制人 审核人 时间 3 This is the room my father lived last year 2 关系代词在从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定 关系代词在从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定 e g a The man who live downstairs speaks English fluently b The students who be in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow 四四 关系副词的用法关系副词的用法 when where why 在从句中分别作时间 地点和原因状语在从句中分别作时间 地点和原因状语 介词介词 which 1 Do you still remember the day we first met in Nanjing 2 This is the room we lived last year 3 Do you know the reason he refused to go to Mary s birthday party 五五 经典特例 经典特例 1 He is one of the persons who invite to the ball He is the only one of the persons invite to the ball 2 I don t like the way he talks I don t want to do it in the way he told me 3 Is this the factory I visited last year Is this factory I visited last year 4 I will never forget the days I spent with you on the farm I will never forget the days I worked with you on the farm 5 Do you know the reason he refused to go to Mary s birthday party The reason he put forward is very important 6 抽象地点名词如 situation case point stage scene 作先行词 在定语从句中作状语 后可接 where 引导定语从句 e g They have reached the point they have to separate with each other I got to a stage I must try my best to realize my dream 抽象时间名词 stage 时期 occasion age period 作先行词时 在定语从句中作状语 用 when 引导定语 从句 Occasions are rare I have time to communicate with my parents We are now living in a high tech age complicated things are becoming easy A when B that C where D why 7 in which case 引导非限制性定语从句 如果那样的话 相当于 and in that case She may be late we ought to wait for her at which point 引导非限制性定语从句 就在这时 The film started to get very violent I got frightened degree Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree they can be 编制人 审核人 时间 4 controlled on purpose from where since when by when 也可引导定语从句 Tom hid himself behind the door he could hear the steps of his mother clearly She left home 3 years ago we haven t heard from her 8 如何确定 介词 关系代词 中的介词 介词 关系代词也是历年来各省市高考的一个热点 关于介词的选用大体上可以从以下三方面去考虑 1 根据与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来考虑 Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future A on which B by which C to which D from which Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time A of which B with which C about which D into which Can you explain to me how to use these idioms I m not sure 2 根据与先行词的习惯搭配或意义考虑 Living in the central Australian desert has it s problems obtaining water is not the least A of which B for what C as D whose Is that the newspaper you often write articles 1949 was the year the P R C was founded 3 根据与句子的具体含义来考虑 The farmer used wood to build a house to store again A with which B in which C which D where By nine o clock all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma appeared a rare rainbow soon A of which B on which C from which D above which 9 判断下面两个 where 引导的从句是定语从句还是地点状语从句 You d better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions You d better make a mark where you have any questions 10 填入恰当的词 It was in the house I met the young man This is the house I met the young man It was the kitchen the fire broke out It was in the kitchen the fire broke out It was in the hotel he lived I met him 11 填入恰当的词 Here is so big a stone no one can lift it Here is such a big stone no one can lift 12 定语从句与并列句 Last week only two people came to look at the house neither of wanted to buy it 编制人 审核人 时间 5 Last week only two people came to look at the house but neither of wanted to buy it She brought with her three friends none of I had ever met before A them B who C whom D these 定语从句考题及详解定语从句考题及详解 1 The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living A when B that C where D which 2 She showed he visitors around the museum the construction has taken more than three years A for which B with which C of which D to which 3 The school shop customers are mainly students is closed for the holidays A which B whose C when D where 4 Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others of course made all the others upset A who B which C what D that 5 I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake A which B where C who D that 6 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt is a stupid thing to do in such weather A this B that C what D which 7 Between the two parts of the concert is an interval the audience can buy ice cream A When B Where C that D which 8 The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination A that B which C whose D what 9 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures each of uses it somewhat differently A which B what C them D those 10 A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain A when B that C where D there 11 Julie was good at German French and Russian all of she spoke fluently A who B whom C which D that 12 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator it will keep for two or three weeks 编制人 审核人 时间 6 A when B which C where D while 13 The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other A they B where C what D that 14 She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allows them to communicate freely with each other A which B where C what D who 15 That s the new machine parts are too small to be seen A that B which C whose D what 16 After graduating from college I took some time off to go traveling turned out to be a wise decision A that B which C when D where 17 To improve the quality of our products we asked for suggestions had used the products A whoever B who C whichever D which 定语从句针对性训练 1 He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school A which B that C it D whom 2 He wrote a letter to me telling me everything he saw on the way to the Paris A what B that C which D where 3 I ll never forget the day I joined the League A on which B in which C which D at which 4 The woman my brother spoke just now is my teacher A who B to whom C to who D whom 5 Jeanne was her old friend she borrowed a necklace A from who B from whom C to that D to whom 6 His glasses he was like a blind man fell to t