【创新设计】（山东专用）2014高考英语一轮复习 高频语法训练 附录7 情态动词和虚拟语气

1 七 情态动词和虚拟语气七 情态动词和虚拟语气 1 Guess what he has decided to enter for tomorrow s speech contest it be possible He is usually quite shy and reserved A Must B Would C Should D Need 答案 C 句意 你猜怎么样 他已经决定参加明天的演讲比赛了 这有可能 吗 他通常很害羞很保守 should 表示说话人意外 惊喜等语气 must 必须 一定 偏偏 would 表示过去的意愿 need 需要 2 He has always insisted that he Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner A will be called B call C have been called D should be called 答案 D 句意 他一直坚持被叫做特纳博士 而不是特纳先生 insist 意为 坚持 要 时 其后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 he 与 call 是逻辑上的被动关系 应用被动语态 3 If we had taken such effective measures much earlier the river so seriously now A is not polluted B would not be polluted C had not been polluted D would not have been polluted 答案 B 句意 如果我们早采取这些有效措施 那条河现在就不会被污染得这么严重 了 由语境及时间状语可知 从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 主句表示与现在事 实相反的虚拟语气 属于错综虚拟语气 故主句谓语用 would do 的形式 4 Mary failed the driving test again If she harder she the test easily A practiced would pass B had practiced would pass C had practiced would have passed D should practice should have passed 答案 C 考查虚拟语气 句意 玛丽又没有通过驾驶考试 要是她多加练习 她就能 很容易地通过考试 表示与过去事实相反时 if 从句谓语用 had 过去分词 主句谓 语用 would have 过去分词 5 It be really cold in November in Hefei though we usually have warm and sunny days A should B will C must D can 2 答案 D 考查情态动词 can 的用法 句意 11 月份合肥真的很冷 虽然通常温暖且阳 光明媚 can 表示推测多用于否定句和疑问句中 用于肯定句时 多指 客观可能性 6 I have gone the concert because I know nothing about that kind of music A couldn t B mustn t C shouldn t D oughtn t 答案 C 考查虚拟语气 句意 我本来不应该去音乐会的 因为我对那种类型的音乐 一无所知 shouldn t have done sth 表示 本不该做的事情却做了 7 I d rather you right away A leave B left C will leave D to leave 答案 B 考查 would rather 后面的从句用虚拟语气 动词用过去式 8 It s important that we protect wild animals A will B should C shall D must 答案 B 考查 it be adj that sb should 动词原形 结构 即虚拟语气 在主语从句中的使用 9 Jack should have taken the doctor s advice that he in bed for a couple of days A lies B lie C must lie D lay 答案 B advice suggestion 等表示意见 建议的词后面的同位语从句用虚拟语气 10 We a wonderful party to mark the special occasion in the open air but it rained heavily then A could have had B must have had C could have D must have 答案 A 句意 为了纪念这特别的日子我们本来能在露天举办一个美好的晚会的 但 那时雨下得很大 由 it rained heavily then 可知 此处表示过去本能够做某事实 际上没做 故用 could have done must have done 表示对过去情况把握性较大的肯定 推测 could do 和 must do 是对现在情况的推测 11 Michael is always doing well in maths But sometimes he be a failure A can B shall C must D will 答案 A 句意 迈克尔的数学非常好 但有时他也会做得很差 can 表示推测用于肯定 句时 表示偶然的可能性或一时的情况 意为 有时会 符合题意 shall 表示命令或 请求 must 表示推测或 必须 will 表示意愿或习惯 12 Will you take up teaching as a career after graduation 3 Hard to say I go abroad for higher education instead but it depends A should B must C might D shall 答案 C 句意 毕业之后你会从事教育职业吗 很难说 我可能去国外留学 深造 但也要看情况 由题意可知 此处表示对将来情况把握性不大的推测 故用 might should 表示请求 责任或义务 must 表示推测或 必须 shall 表示命令或请 求 13 We as well go straight home There s nothing better to do OK though I hate to do so A might B can C should D must 答案 A might as well 为固定搭配 意为 不妨 14 When shall we meet your cousin at the station His plane took off 2 hours ago and it arrive at 5 pm A should B could C must have D need 答案 A should 意为 应该会 可能 此处是对将来的推测 表示 预期会 15 The traffic is heavy now so Mike come late Let s wait ten more minutes A can B need C may D shall 答案 C 句意 现在交通繁忙 所以麦克可能会迟到 那让我们再等 10 分钟 吧 此处 may 表示 有可能但不肯定 也许 可能 can 表示 能够 need 表示 需 要 shall 用于第二 三人称的陈述句中 表示警告 命令 威胁等语气 因此选 C 项 16 He wished he so careless his examination results could have been more satisfactory A isn t B wasn t C hasn t D hadn t been 答案 D 句意 他希望自己没有这么粗心就好了 他的考试结果本应更令人满意的 wish 后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气 此处表示与过去事实相反 从句用过去完成时 故 选 D 17 I really don t know how to express my thanks to Mr Li my high school English teacher without whose help I to college that year A weren t to go B hadn t been able to go 4 C couldn t go D couldn t have gone 答案 D 句意 我真的不知道怎么表达对我的高中英语老师李老师的感谢 那一年若 没有他的帮助我是不会考上大学的 without whose help 表示含蓄的虚拟条件 句子表 示与过去事实相反的情况 故用 couldn t have gone 18 The doctor suggested he with a serious disease and that he to hospital at once A be infected be sent B was infected be sent C should be infected was sent D be infected was sent 答案 B 句意 医生说他得了一种严重的疾病 并建议他被立即送到医院去 第一个 suggest 意为 表明 暗示 其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气 句子表示过去的事实 故 用一般过去时的被动语态 第二个 suggest 意为 建议 其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语 气 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 19 he have been chosen as captain of our school football team Yes he Can t you see he s wearing an armband A Can can B Must must have C Must must D Can must have 答案 D 考查情态动词的用法 句意 难道他被选为我们学校足球队的队长了吗 是的 他一定被选为队长了 你没看见他戴着袖标吗 第一空 can have done 表示对现在的推测 一般用于疑问句和否定句 用于疑问句时表示怀疑 用于否定句时 表示不确定 第二空 must have done 表示肯定推测 20 If Rose her diamond in a safer place it stolen A had put might be B had put might not have been C had put could be D had not put could not have been 答案 B 考查虚拟语气 句意 如果罗斯把钻石放在更安全的地方 钻石就可能不会 被偷了 表示与过去事实相反的假设时 从句谓语用 had 过去分词 主句谓语用 would should could might have 过去分词 根据语境 说话者语气不肯定 用 might 表示不确定的推测 21 It s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town There be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay 5 A wouldn t B shouldn t C mustn t D needn t 答案 B 句意 据说在那个城镇有许多旅馆 对你来说找个地方住下应该没有困难 只有 B 项 shouldn t 是这个意思 22 You really should have taken part in the competition I know I but I too busy to spare any time A should have was B should do was C should had been D should have had been 答案 A 从语境判断 谈话人所说的事情是已经发生过的事 因此是对过去事情的推 断 用情态动词的完成时 而 but 后是对过去事实的描述 用一般过去时 23 Look at the girl her eyes were red Yes she A may cry B must cry C must be cried D must have been crying 答案 D 考查情态动词 句意 看那个小女孩 她的眼睛是红的 是啊 她 刚才肯定一直在哭 对过去正发生某事的推测 24 Can I pay the bill by check Sorry sir But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash A shall B need C will D can 答案 A 考查情态动词 shall 的用法 句意 我能用支票付账吗 先生 很 抱歉 这是我们酒店的管理规定 必须要用现金结算 四项中只有 shall 可以表示按照 命令 条文 承诺 要求或义务等应该怎样 25 Jim his strict father for he has failed in the examination once again A didn t dare to see B not dare see C didn t dared to see D dare not to see 答案 A 考查 dare 的用法 句意 吉姆不敢见他严厉的父亲 因为他又没通过考试 dare 可用作情态动词和实义动词 用作情态动词否定形式为 dare not do sth 故排除 B D 两项 用作实义动词否定形式为 don t didn t dare to do sth 26 You come if you don t want to A won t B needn t C mustn t D shan t 答案 B 句意 如果你不想来 你不必来 won t 将不会 needn t 没有必要 mustn t 必须不 shan t 不愿意 只有 B 项句意通顺 故选 B 6 27 It s hard to believe that Jack have fought with the policeman Yes If one ask for trouble it can t be helped A would will B must may C should must D need dare 答案 C 句意 难以置信 杰克竟然与警察打了一架 是的 如果一个人非 要找麻烦 实在没法子 句中 should 表示 竟然 must 表示 硬要 非要 均符合语 境 28 Mr White at 8 30 for the meeting but he didn t show up A should have arrived B should arrive C should have had arrived D should be arriving 答案 A should 动词原形 表示现在或将来应该 should be doing 表示现 在应该正在做某事 should have 过去分词 表示过去本该做某事而未做 根据题意 A 符合本题要求 29 Sorry I m late I have misunderstood the plan and I went for another appointment A might B should C can D will 答案 A 句意 抱歉 我迟到了 我可能误解了这个计划 赶赴了另一个约会 此处 表示把握性不大的肯定推测 用 might should 表示 应该 can 表示推测多用于否定 句和疑问句 will 表示意愿和倾向性 30 If you that film late last night you wouldn t be so sleepy now A didn t see B haven t seen C wouldn t have seen D hadn t seen 答案 D 句意 如果你昨晚没有熬夜看那部电影 你就不会这么困了 last night 暗 示从句是与过去事实相反的假设 因此从句应用过去完成时 而主句与现在事实相反 谓语用 would do 31 If he he that food Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately A was warned would not take B had been warned would not have taken C would be warned had not taken D would have been warned had not taken 答案 B 考查虚拟语气在 if 从句中的运用 答句 he was sent 表明 他被送进医 7 院 是过去的事 从句用过去完成时 主句用 would have done 32 The rice if you had been more careful A would not be burning B would not burn C would not have been burnt D would not burnt 答案 C 从句子的意思分析 如果你仔细点 那么饭就不会烧焦了 明显是对过去动 作的假设 根据条件状语从句中虚拟语气的规则选出答案 33 You pay too much attention to your English learning as it is so important A should B must C cannot D needn t 答案 C cannot too 表达 再 做也不过分 的意思 34 Excuse me Is this the way to the Summer Palace Sorry I am not sure But it be A might B will C must D can 答案 A 由答句中 I am not sure 来判断 空白处需要一个表示 可能 之意的情 态动词来进行判断 而 might 恰恰表示一种语气较为委婉的推测 含义是 也许 故选 A 35 In the 1990s a trip to Zhangjiajie cost less than 500 yuan but now with the same amount of money you even cover the entrance fee A couldn t B shan t C can t D won t 答案 C 考查情态动词 句意 在九十年代 到张家界的旅游费用不到 500 元 但是 现在同样的钱连付门票都不够 选项中 只有 can t 表示客观事实 36 The fog is so thick that the express way have been closed You are right I have thought of that Now we have to take another road A can should B may can C should must D must should 答案 D 考查情态动词 句意 雾这么大 高速公路一定已经关闭了 你说 的对 我本应该想到的 我们选别的路吧 第一空 must have done 一定 表示肯定 的推测 语气较肯定 第二空 should have done 本应该 而没有 37 about his financial situation I would have helped him out A Did I know B Had I been knowing 8 C Had I known D Have I known 答案 C 句意 我要是知道他的经济状况 就帮助他了 由主句谓语 would have helped 可知 从句是对过去事实的虚拟 要用过去完成时 从句省略 if 把 had 提前 故选 C 38 The professor recommended the young couple their emotions A do not hide B not hide C mustn t hide D couldn t hide 答案 B 句意 那位教授建议那对年轻夫妇不要隐瞒他们的情绪 recommend 表示 建 议 劝告 其后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气 谓语动词用 should 动词原形 本题 从句是否定句 故谓语动词用 should not hide 39 A man is asking to see you he come in Let him in A Must B Shall C Will D Dare 答案 B shall 用于第一 三人称表示请求允许 40 Is it good to look up every new word when I come across it in reading No You because you are likely to guess the meaning from the context A can t B mustn t C don t have to D shouldn t 答案 C 根据答语中的 No 以及空格后的解释可知没必要查生词 故 C 符合题意 41 When winter comes spring be far behind A must B should C will D can 答案 D must 表示推测 用于肯定的陈述句表示有一定事实根据的推测 一定 肯定 should 表示常理 常规或一般情况的推测 应该会 can 表示逻辑上 理论上的 可能性 本句意为 冬天来了 春天还会远吗 为理论上的推测 应选 D 42 You realize that you were driving at 80 miles per hour don t you No officer I This car can t do more than 70 A don t need to be B must not have been C couldn t have been D needn t have been 答案 C 根据横线后的话 这辆车不能开到 70 公里以上 判断说话者是说 我不可 能 因此只能选择 C 43 If there were no subjunctive mood English much easier A will be B would have been C could have been D would be 9 答案 D 主句是对现在情况的假设 用 would be 44 I forget where I read the article or I it to you now A will show B would show C am going to show D am showing 答案 B 考查虚拟语气 句意 我不记得我在哪儿读过这篇文章 不然的话我现在就 可以指给你看 根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件 即 or if I didn t forget where I read the article 要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话 但事实上忘了 45 It looks as if he were drunk So it does A Had better give up drinking B He shouldn t have drunk so much C Health is more important than drink D I wonder why he is always doing so 答案 D 考查虚拟语气 句意 他好像喝醉了 如果是这样 我想知道他为什么经常 这