初中英语国际音标教程.ppt

TheAlphabet 元音和辅音的定义 1 发音时声带振动 呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍 这样形成的语音称为元音 2 不论声带振动与否 发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍 这样形成的语音称为辅音 英语语音专题 InternationalPhoneticsymbols 国际音标 Whatarephoneticsymbols thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage 语音最小单位是音素 语言的语音都是由四十八个不同的音素相互组合而成的 Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere 元音vowels 20个 1 前元音 i e ee ea ie ei eo A Teaorcoffee B TeaforLeeandcoffeeforme please i i e y ey Hislittlesisterissittinginthemiddle e e ea ai Good better best Neverletitrest Tillgoodisbetter Andbetterbest aCat cat Catchthatblackrat hesee read piece ceiling people is English busy money red then head again hat bag can apple Compare it eat2 live leave3 fill feel4 seat sit5 tree trip6 bit bee7 sheep ship8 deed did9 live leave10 feed fit11 pea pit12 rid read13 street strict14 sleep slip Compare bet bat2 pat pet3 bag beg4 sat set5 neck lack6 sad said7 bad bed8 dad dead9 lad led10 fad fed er a eThefarmer ssisterisadoctor ir urorTheearlybirdcatchesthewormfirst o uCometothefrontonthedouble clever ruler panda open girl shirt purple work love colour us duck 中元音 earthnurseskirtlearnherword Readthewords ear 不单独出现时 urireror Phrases Adirtyskirt hurtabird Learntowork worseandworse Readthewords agoagainaddresshundredparentlicensewaterAugustbananatodaycolourpoliceman aeeroour在非重读音节中 Phrases Soonerorlater AutumnandAugust Workerandfarmer aboutthepictureoftheteacher a ar a It sfartothefarmfromthepark o aThelittlepotissohot or a au arMydaughterwho sforty fourisalawyer u ooLookatthecookbook It sreallygood u oo u ou oe Howdoyoudo Youlookreallycool shop sorry watch what morning call autumn warm football wood classroom book soon ruler soup shoe half class park hard 后元音 Compare a cut cart2 luck lark3 duck dark4 tough task5 mud mark6 bus bath7 far fun8 shut shark Compare pot port2 lot lord3 not north4 fox forks5 shot short6 wok walk7 spot sport8 cock caught Compare walk workshort shirtwarm worddoor dirtsore sircause curd i i e a u u 单元音vowels 12个 双元音 ei a ai ay ea eiRain raingoaway LittleJohnnywantstoplay ai i yOutofsight outofmind i oy oiSoybeanoilismychoice u o oa ow Goandopenthewindow Joe andshowmethephoto au ou owIfoundamouseinthehouse game rain play great five idea try goodbye boy toy point oil old hello coat show about round down town facesamegameplaywastehatelatehaycomplainfamous Readthewords Ilifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehigh Phrases ei hatetobelate saveherface neverwaste metthefirstlady ai Phrases thebluesky inthecountryside thebitingwind Outofsight outofmind ai 写法 1 2 ai 3 ai roadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokegohomehope Readthewords howaboutshoutcowloudmousegroundhourcrownmouth Phrases u GoldCoast makeatoast beallbones thelocallanguage Phrases au goforanouting betweenourselves readaloud outofdate au 写法 1 2 au 3 au Learnthephrases toilandmoilaspoiledboyAnnoyingnoiseliveforenjoyment Readthewords Boysandgirls pleasepayattentionto oy boytoyjoysoyannoyingemploy Readthewords Nowpleasepayattentionto oi oilsoilboilcoinpointnoise i ear eer eaWeareneartheendoftheyear ere air are eirWherethereisawill thereisaway u ure ourIt ssuretobegoodforthetourists Poortour hear year deer really there chair careful their sure tour poor February 写法 1 2 3 Readthewords i eardearheartearfearclearherebeersneerpeer pearwearwheredarecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepair Readthephrases i comeheredrinkthebeerveryclearfearnothinghereandthereCheeringwithtears Learnthephrases shareyourbananawithmonkeyeatalotofpearsararemetalrunbarefootatthetradefair Readthewords u sureunsurebrochurepoormoortour TongueTwister Suresuresure Poorpoorpoor I msureyouknowI mpoor SoIcan tgotomakeatour i u ei ai u au i i i e a u u 元音vowels 20个 辅音28个 辅音Consonants 28个 1 爆破音 p Practicemakesperfect b Barryfoundabigbugonherbed t Thisisahat that sacap d ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown k Don tkitthekitten g Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending p b pay baypear bearpen Benpig big p b cap cablap labtap tabrope robe t d town downtie dietear deartouch Dutch t d bent bendright ridelent lendbet bed 两清辅音一起时 后一个清辅音变成浊辅音 或叫浊化 sp sb st sd sk sg speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen k g Kate gatecard guardcould goodcoat goat k g pick pigflak flagback bagLock log 2 鼻音 m MayIhavesomemilk mum n Noraknowsthenewcomer Linglingislisteningtothesong Comparen n ng nk in inksin singthin thingthan thankson song 3 摩擦音 f Ifyoubuyfish makesureit sfresh v Victorisveryclever Thankyouforyourtablecloth Thosearefarandthesearenear s Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit z WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear sure she social nationWashthefish please pleasure televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure h havehot whowholehatehouseHelenholdsherhands r read write wrongAreyoureadytoread 4 破擦音 t Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess d Johnlikestotelljokes tr There relotsoftrucksinthestreet dr Helikesstrongdrinks ts Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts dz Takeawayyourdirtyhands 5 舌边音 l land world如果在后面读 little middle castle puzzleWhatabeautifulbicycle 6 半元音 w wall what answerThehomeworkeveryweekisveryhard j yesyellowyearYes youryellowskirtiswet lightnightrightlockknockrocklotnotrotleadneedreadlicenicerice compare 1 Redlorry yellowlorry redlorry yellowlorry 2 Let slookforleavesinthelargelakewithalongladder Tonguetwisters 成音节 m n l 英语辅音字母中有3个辅音 m n l 是响音 它们和辅音音素结合 也可构成音节 也叫成音节 它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾 一般是非重读音节 如 apple pl table teibl middle midl little litl garden ga dn lesson lesn physical fisikl realism ri lizm 等等 p b t d k g f v s z h w j t d tr dr ts dz m n l r Partsofspeech词类 词性 名词noun n 人和事物的名称代词pronoun pron 代替名词的词形容词adjective adj 修饰名词的词数词numeral num 表示多少和第几的词动词verb v 表示动作和状态副词adverb adv 修饰动词 形容词和副词的词冠词article art 说明名词所指的人或物介词preposition prep 表示名词与其它词的关系连词conjunction conj 连接词 短语和句子的词感叹词interjection inter 表示感情的词 Sentencepatterns Simplesentence简单句Ilikeapples JaneandIoftenswiminsummer Hecomesandsayshellotomeeveryday Compoundsentence并列句Wehelpthemandtheyhelpus Complexsentence复合句Hesaidthathewouldvisityou 1 Declarativesentence陈述句Mybagispink 2 Interrogativesentence疑问句Whatcolourisyourbag 3 Imperativesentence祈使句Let sbegin 4 Exclamatorysentence感叹句Whatafinedayitistoday Types 常用句型 1 Therebe is are 名词 介词短语 Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse Therearesomeflowersinthevase 2 1 主语 n pron 谓语 vi 状语 adv prep 短语 Thismachineworkswell 2 主语 连系动词 linkv 表语 a ad prep 短语 Mybagispink Youareadoctor 3 主语 谓语 vt 宾语 n pron IhaveanEnglishbook 否定结构be not助动词do does did will等 not 实义动词 一般疑问句把