高中英语 Unit 1 Cultural relics期末知识梳理 新人教版必修2

1 人教新课标版高一必修二人教新课标版高一必修二 UnitUnit 1 1 CulturalCultural relicsrelics 期末知识梳理期末知识梳理 一 训练导入一 训练导入 I I 考纲单词考纲单词 写出下列考纲词汇的词性和汉义 如果不止一个词性学生自行增补词性及相应汉义 1 valuable 2 survive 3 select 4 design 5 decorate 6 remove 7 doubt 8 style 9 worth 10 local 11 evidence 12 entrance 13 sink 14 debate 15 artist II II 核心短语核心短语 1 search of 寻找 2 return 为报答 回报 3 than 少于 4 think highly 看重 器重 5 care 关心 在乎 6 than 而不是 7 belong 属于 8 war 处于交战状态 9 be for 为 设计 10 the light of the moon 借助月光 11 serve 充当 12 design 有意地 13 add 把 加到 上 2 14 no than 仅仅 15 take 拆开 16 look 照看 17 oneself 亲自 18 the entrance 的入口 19 ones surprise 样某人吃惊的是 20 search 寻找 二 知识精讲二 知识精讲 I I 重点词汇重点词汇 1 fancy adj 不寻常的 精致的 v 想 以为 想像 典例 1 That s a very fancy pair of shoes 那是一双非常别致的鞋 2 I fancy that it s going to rain today 我看今天要下雨 重点用法 fancy that 以为是 fancy sb s doing 想像 某人 做某 事 fancy oneself自负 自命不凡fancy sb to be as 想象 认为某人会成 为 2 consider vt 考虑 认为 典例 1 We are considering going to Canada ie we may go there 我们正考虑到加拿大 去 2 We consider this to be very important 我们认为这非常重要 重点用法 consider doing sth sth 考虑做某事 consider sb sth as to be consider it 形容词 to do sth 认为做某事是 considering 考虑到 3 wonder n 惊奇 奇迹 不知道 想知道 典例 1 They were filled with wonder at the sight 他们见此情景惊叹不已 2 I wonder who he is 我不知道他究竟是谁 重点用法 wonder 从句 自忖 自问 不知道 想知道 3 wonder if 从句 请问您是否 用于礼貌地提出请求 wonder at 对 感到惊奇 4 doubt n 怀疑 不确定 不信任 v 对 无把握 怀疑 典例 1 He is without doubt the cleverest student I ve ever taught 他确实是我所教 过的学生中最聪明的 2 I doubt whether he ll come 我不敢肯定他来不来 重点用法 There is no doubt about sth that 毫无疑问 without doubt 确定地 无疑地 I don t doubt that 我肯定 I m sure certain that I doubt if whether 我不确定 I m not sure certain if whether 5 worth adj 值得 做某事 有 做某事 的价值 n 价值 用处 典例 1 The new car cost a lot of money but it s certainly worth it 买这辆新汽车 花了很多钱 但确实物有所值 2 The thieves stole 1 million worth of jewellery 窃贼偷走了价值 100 万英镑的 珠宝 重点用法 be worth doing sth 值得 做某事 有 做某事 的价值 worth of sth 用于表示数量 持续时间等的名词之后 值某金额的量 II II 重点词组重点词组 1 in return 回报 作为报酬 2 典例 What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us 我们将怎样来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢 短语归纳 in turn 轮流地 依次 反过来by turns 轮流地 时而 时而 2 rather than 不是别的 而是 典例 1 I think I ll have a cold drink rather than coffee 我想喝冷饮 不想喝咖啡 2 It s management that s at fault rather than the work force 错在资方而不在 4 劳方 短语归纳 would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做 而不愿做 prefer doing to doing other than except for 除了 而非 1 think highly of have a good opinion of 看重 高度评价 典例 They think highly of your work abilities 他们对你的工作能力评价很高 短语归纳 What do you think of sb sth 你认为某人 物怎么样 think much well of 对 评价良好 think nothing of 对 无所谓 不把 当回事think badly poorly of 对 评 价不高 think of sb sth as 把 某人 物当作 III III 重点句型重点句型 1 Frederick William I the King Of Prussia could never have imagined that his Greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history 普鲁士国王胖特烈 威廉一世 怎么也不会想到他送给俄罗斯人的厚礼会有这样一段令人 吃惊的历史 解释 此句中含有 could have done 结构 用来表示对过去发生的事情的推测 批 评 反悔等 它用在不同的句式中 表达的含义不同 1 用于疑问句中 表示对行为可能性的推测 如 Could he have been told the news 他被告知这个消息了吗 2 用于陈述句和肯定句 表示与过去事实相反的假设 意为 本来能够去做却没有做 否定句表示对过去事实的推测 如 I stayed at a hotel while in New York 在纽约时我住在一家旅馆里 Oh did you You could have stayed with Barbara 是吗 你本来能够和巴巴拉在一起的 2 Later Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Peters burg where she spent her summers 后来 捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊 外她避暑的宫殿中 解释 1 此句是一个含有关系副词引导的定语从句的主从复合句 主句中的谓语 had the 5 Amber Room moved 是 have sth done 结构 该结构中 done 是过去分词作补语 意为 使 某事被做 让别人做某事 而不是主语自己做 例如 1 I had my hair cut yesterday 昨天我理发了 2 where she spent her summers 为定语从句 修饰先行词 St Petersburg 关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语 又如 This is the place where 1 was born 这是我的出生地 三 语法突破三 语法突破 限制性和非限制性定语从句限制性和非限制性定语从句 根据定语从句在句中所起的作用 可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类 限 制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分 去掉它主句意思往往不明确非限制性定语从句是 先 行词的附加说明 去掉了也不会影响主句的意思 它与主句之间通常用逗号分开 例如 This is the house which we bought last month 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子 限制性 The house which we bought last month is very nice 这幢房子很漂亮 是我们上 个月买的 非限制性 限限 制制 性性 定定 语语 从从 句句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意 义上不可缺少的定语 用于修 饰和限定先行词 如果去掉 主句的意思就不完整或失去意 义 书写时不用逗号与先行词 分开 This is the boy who broke the window 这就是打 破窗子的孩子 the boy 是先行词 who broke the window 是限制性定语从句 明确指出 the boy 是打破窗子的那个孩子 I have a book which teaches English grammar 我有一本讲解英语语法的书 a book 是先行词 which teaches English grammar 是限制性定语从句 修饰 the book The people whom you met in the hall are from Japan 你在大厅见到的那些人来自日本 定语从 句 whom you met in the hall 定先行词 the people 非非 限限 制制 性性 非限制性定语从句在意义上只 是一个附加修饰语 对先行词 或主句作些附加的说明 如果 去掉 主句的意思仍然清楚 I who am your friend will share the work with you 我是你的朋友 将与你分担这项工作 I 是先行词 who am your friend 是非限制性定 语从句 对先行词 I 起附加说明的作用 6 定定 语语 从从 句句 书写时往往用逗号与先行词分 开 New Concept English is intended for foreign students which is known to us all 新概念英 语是专为外国学生编写的 这是我们大家都知道的 which is known to us all 是非限制性定语从句 对主句作进一步的补充说明 1 当先行词是专有名词或物 主代词和指示代词所修饰时 其后的定语从句通常是非限制 性的 Charles Smith who was my former teacher retired last year 查理 史密斯去年退休了 他 曾经是我的老师 My house which I bought last year has got a lovely garden 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂 亮 的花园 This novel which I have read three times is very touching 这本小说很动人 我已经读了三遍 特特 别别 提提 醒醒 2 非限制性定语从句还能将 整个主句作为先行词 对其进 行修饰 这时从句谓语动词要 用第三人称单数 He seems not to have grasped what I meant which greatly upsets me 他似乎没抓住我的意思 这使我心烦 Liquid water changes to vapor which is called evaporation 液态水变为蒸汽 这就叫做 蒸发 说明 关系代词 that 和关系副词 why 不能引导非限 制性定语从句 考题印证考题印证 1 2012 安徽卷 29 lot of language learning has been discovered is happening in the first year of life so parents should talk much to their children during that period A as B it C which D This 解析 本题考查 as 引导的非限制性定语从句 句意 现已发现 大量的语言学习是发生 在出生后的第一年内 所以父母们在这一时期应该多给孩子说话 as 引导的非限制性定语 从句位置灵活 在此以插入语的形式置于主句之间 as 从句修饰限定的是整个主句 a lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life 本题易误选 which 理解成 which 从句修饰 a lot of language learning 2 2012 江苏卷 22 After the flooding people were suffering in that area urgently needed clean water medicine and shelter to survive A which B who C where D what 解析 本题考查定语从句 句意为 洪水过后 灾区的人们在遭受苦难 他们急需清洁 的饮水 药品和住所以维持生存 根据句意 急需清洁的饮水 药品和住所 的应该是 人 所以指人的先行词 people 在非限制性定语从句中充当主语 所以用关系代词 who 7 引导 故选 B 项 3 2012 北京卷 26 When deeply absorbed in work he often was he would forget all about eating or sleeping A that B which C where D when 解析 本题考查非限制性定语从句 句意为 当他集中精力工作时 这种情况常有发生 他总是废寝忘食 由分号我们可以判断这是一个非限制性定语从句 而从句为主系表结构 缺少表语 所以选 which 该受 which 从句修饰的是 deeply absorbed in work 短语 4 2012 浙江卷 17 Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature for some reason had withdrawn from all human society A which B who C where D whom 解析 本题考查定语从句 who 引导非限定性定语从句 在从句中做主语 修饰先行词 Ellen 人名 Which 修行先行词是物的定语从句 whom 修饰先行词为人 且在从句中做 宾语 where 修饰先行词是地点名词 且在从句中地点状语 均不符合语境 故排除 5 2012 江西卷 28 By 16 30 was almost closing time nearly all the paintings had been sold A which B when C what D that 解析 本题考查定语从句 从后面的 closing time 打烊时间 停止营业时间可以得知此 句是在谈时间 但是此句中缺少主语 前面又有一个逗号 所以可以确定这里是一个非限 制性定语从句 用 which 真题体验真题体验 1 2012 福建卷 23 The air quality in the city is shown in the report has improved over the past two months A thatB it C as D what 2 2012 陕西卷 14 It is the third time that she has won the race has surprised us all A that B where C which D what 3 2012 全国卷 II 8 That evening I will tell you more about later I ended up working very late A thatB whichC whatD when 4 2012 北京卷 26 When deeply absorbed in work he often was he would forget all about eating or sleeping A that B which C where D when 5 2011全国卷II 7 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt is a stupid thing to do in such weather 8 A this B that C what D which 6 2011北京卷 26 Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others of course make all the others upset A whoB which C whatD that 7 2011江苏卷 24 Between the two parts of the concert is an interval the audience can buy ice cream A when B where C that D which 8 2011安徽卷 28 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator it will keep for two or three weeks A when B which C where D while 9 2011四川卷 17 The school shop customers are mainly students is closed few the holidays A which B whose C when D where 10 2011陕西卷 11 I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake A which B where C who D that 答案解析答案解析 1 解析 本题考查定语从句的引导词 本句难点是把定语从句分割出来放在句首就很明 了了 把句子转换成 is shown in the report the air quality in the city has improved over the past two months 就能直接看到非限制性定语从句引导词放句首指的 是下文所提到的一句话用 as 引导 正如在 所写的那样 2 解析 本题考查 which 引导非限定性定语从句 句意是 这是她第三次赢得比赛 这 一点让我们大家都很惊讶 根据主句的意思 可知这里先行词是整个句子且从句缺少主语 故选 C 3 解析 本题考查非限制性定语从句 句意为 那天晚上 有关那天晚上的更多的 情况我以后再告诉你 结果我工作到很晚 which 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰 that evening 相当于一个插入语 4 解析 B 非限制性定语从句 句意为 当他集中精力工作时 这种情况常有发生 他 总是废寝忘食 由分号我们可以判断这是一个非限制性定语从句 而从句为主系表结构 缺少表语 所以选 which 该受 which 从句修饰的是 deeply absorbed in work 短语 5 解析 D 考查定语从句 分析句子结构可知 该句为定语从句 首先排除A和C 根据 空前的逗号可知 该句为非限制性定语扶句 排除B 该从句应用which引导 which在从句 中作主语 代指前丽的整个句子 9 6 解析 B 考查非限定性定语从句 逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语 which引 导非限制性定语从句 指代整个主句部分的内容 选择which 7 解析 A 考查定语从句 句意 音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间 在这段 时间里观众可以去买冰激凌 When引导的定语从句修饰an interval when在从句中作时间 状语 首先解析句子结构 判断从句类型 题干说 在音乐会中间有间歇 此时你可以买 冰激凌 题干的前半部分完整无缺 后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事 所以这 是一个非限定性定语从句 先行词为interval 非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进 行补充说明 由于从句部分不缺少主干成分 而且interval表时间 所以正确答案为A 8 解析 C 考查定语从句 句意为 剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱 在那里可以保存 两三周 根据语境 后句修饰先行词 refrigerator 而它的含义在从句中作地点状语 表 示 it will keep for two or three weeks in the refrigerator 9 解析 D 考查定语从句 此处whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shop 在定 语从句中作customers的定语 句意为 这个学校商店 其主顾大多是学生 因为 放假就关门了 10 解析 B 考查定语从句 先行词是hill 表地点 定语从句we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake 句子成分中缺少状语 所以应用关系副词where 四 单元自测四 单元自测 第一节 单项选择 1 What do you think of the furniture on sale Pretty good But what you bought with the samples I don t think it is the money A comparing worth B compared worthwhile C compare worthy D comparing value 2 What s your opinion of some customs of the Eskimos Because they from earlier times they are quite different from our customs A survive B select C escape D remove 3 What on earth do you want I just want a common sports coat nothing A fancy B amazing C informal D valuable 4 J K Rowling is a very popular writer but I just don t like her writing A attitude B style 10 C quality D mystery 5 Look at the beautiful big house over there It is said to an old Japanese woman A belonging to B be belonged to C belong to D be belonging to 6 2012 山东曲阜一中摸底考试一 Tom has agreed to let me use his computer to surf the Internet and I m treating him to a good dinner at the newly built restaurant just around the corner A in charge B in place C in return D in turn 2012 山东鄄城一中期中考试 It is a good plan in theory but it to be seen whether it works in practice A keeps B stays C stands D remains There is no that social development cannot be stopped no matter whether you like it or not A idea B opinion C doubt D schedule Whatever I said could not his doubt maybe time will show it is true A represent B remove C recover D reward 10 As we a11 know tigers and cats the same family of beasts A belonged to B are belonged to C belong to D are belonging to 11 David could I use your car Sorry there is something wrong with it I will have it this afternoon A repair B to repair C repairing D repaired 12 Your desk is crowded with too many unnecessary things including used papers and books You d better some of them A remain B resist 11 C remove D renew 13 It s a custom to fireworks on important occasions in China A set up B set off C set out D set down 14 You d sound a lot more polite if you make a request a question A in search of B in the form of C in need of D in the direction of 1 5 2012 浙江台州四校联考 Jeanswest Clothing donated one million yuan to a university in Guangzhou the new student activity center building was to be branded with the company S name A In turn B In reward C In return D As an award 第二节完形填空 共 20 小题 每小题 1 5 分 满分 30 分 阅读下面的短文 从短文后所给各题的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 When I was a teenager I volunteered to work at the water station at a 10 000m race My job was to 1 water to the runners I remember being so 2 to see all the different kinds of people who passed by and grabbed a cup of water Some ran past some walked past and a few wheeled past I saw so many types of people doing it I thought maybe I could do it too So the next year I3 up for the race That first 10 000m race was quite an 4 I jogged I walked I jogged and I walked 5 I didn t know if I could finish Then came a defining 起决定性作用 的 6 At one point near the end a 70 year old man ran past me very very fast and I felt 7 because I was 15 years old younger than him but I couldn t even keep up with him I felt 8 for a second But then I 9 something He was running his race and I was running mine He had 10 abilities experience training and goals for himself I had mine Remember my 11 was only to finish After a minute it 12 me that this was a lesson I could draw from I learned something about myself in that moment I turned my embarrassment into 13 12 I 14 that I would not give up running races In fact I would run even more races and I would learn how to train and prepare 15 and one day I would be one of those 70 year old persons who were still running As I crossed the finish line I was proud of my 16 In life we all have those moments when we 17 ourselves with others It s only18 Don t allow those moments to 19 you Turn them into motivation and let them inspire you With the proper preparation and training you can improve your result to 20 anything you want in life 1 A bring out B pass out C take outD pick out 2 A excitedB worried C concerned D anxious 3 A gave B made C signed D dressed 4 A achievement B encouragement C interest D experience 5 A At times B In time C In all D After all 6 A victory B decision C moment D conclusion 7 A embarrassed B annoyed C moved D thrilled 8 A relaxed B defeated C puzzled D inspired 9 A realized B lost C noticed D remembered 10 A necessary B evident C common D different 11 A motto B plan C goal D direction 12 A worried B hit C reached D hurt 13 A attraction B devotion C inspiration D expectation 14 A hoped B promised C decided D suggested 15 A slightly B hardly C clearly D properly 16 A excitement B accomplishment C movement D judgement 17 A introduce B relate C present D 13 compare 18 A important B natural C strange D ridiculous 19 A weaken B wound C amuse D cheer 20 A reserve B deliver C achieve D abandon A Rahfeal Gordon has come a long way from the homeless shelters and streets of Newark New Jersey The 25 year old was honored this year by the National Foundation for Teaching Entrepreneurship for his work giving motivational speeches to youth groups Rahfeal Gordon tells his audience If nobody ever says that you re brilliant say it to yourself every day Look yourself in the mirror if you have survived something I don t care how small how big you ve survived it he said Rahfeal Gordon s speech is simple He tells the story of his own life in three chapters Each begins with a hip hop lyric 歌词 that he knows will be meaningful to a young audience Gordon says he uses positive hip hop lyrics to encourage youths especially those who grew in poverty and abuse as he did His talk is called Hip Hop Saved My Life When I had my very dark moments in life I would put on certain songs whether it is from Jay Z Tupac Kanye West Gordon said They kept me going through the hard times They fulfilled a certain void 空白 that I couldn t fulfill like not having a father or mother there so I felt they could relate because they would tell these stories Gordon says his childhood was happy until his father became addicted to drugs and began to beat his three brothers and mother They left to live on the streets and in homeless shelters Gordon says he tries now to be a voice for others including a brother who was murdered at the age of 19 When I lost my brother that was really a moment when things really started to take off in the sense of saying I really really want to be that individual to help people to help individuals Gordon said I can t be Superman I can t save the world but I think that if I can help an individual I am saving the world 14 1 Rahfeal Gordon was honored because he A has changed the lives of young people worldwide B inspires young people to better themselves C encourages his students to improve the community D has made great achievements in his teaching career 2 Rahfeal Gordon uses hip hop lyrics in his lecture because A he is good at performing hip hop songs B hip hop songs are encouraging and funny C hip hop songs helped him spend his hard times D he tends to follow the fashion like youths 3 What do we know about Rahfeal Gordon s childhood A His parents forced him to leave home B He was badly treated since he was a child C His mother always beat him black and blue D He became homeless after his father used drugs 4 The author writes the passage mainly to A share Rahfeal Gordon s life story B tell readers to follow Rahfeal Gordon C introduce an American national award D direct readers attention to poor children B Grasslands need time to rest when cattle and other animals feed on them Moving animals from one area of pasture 牧场 to another can provide the time needed for new growth This is called rotational grazing 循环放牧 Rotational grazing is good for the land and the animals and it can save money This form of grazing can reduce the need for pesticide 农药 treatments by reducing the growth of weeds And it can limit the need for chemical fertilizers by letting animal wastes do the job of natural fertilizer Rotational grazing can even help prevent wildfires by keeping grasslands in good condition Letting animals feed continually and intensively 集中地 in the same grazing areas can require costly replanting Animals eat the most desirable growth first When that keeps happening the roots do not have enough time to r