高考英语 单项填空陷阱题分类透析与演练

用心 爱心 专心1 高考英语单项填空陷阱题分类透析与演练高考英语单项填空陷阱题分类透析与演练 高考命题者常常利用熟悉的句型结构 或者一些固定搭配来制造陷阱 让考生在非常神气 的心情中快速地得出错误的答案 针对这种情况 笔者粗略归纳了常见陷阱题的类型并加 以分析 希望能对同学们在解题过程中巧识陷阱有所帮助 1 思维定势型 思维定势是指人们在长期的思维过程中所形成的一种固定的思维模式 它是一把双刃 剑 如果运用得当 它可以帮助考生将考题内容与以前所学知识迅速联系起来 并在短时 间内调集解决问题所需的相关知识进行分析 推理 并很快得出正确的结论 但若运用不 当 它便会误导考生掉入命题人所预设的陷阱 得出错误的结论 例 1 In order not to be disturbed I spent three hours in my study A locking B locked C to lock D to be locked 解析 答案为 B 但考生易误选 A 以为是考查 spend in doing 结构 其实 不是 锁 门 花去了三小时 而是 将自己锁在书房里度过了三小时 用过去分词短语作伴随状语 2 规则硬套型 就是指不从语言实际出发 不考虑特定的语言环境 而是机械地套用语法规则 生搬 硬套语法的条条框框 从而错误地作出选择 例 2 He made up his mind to devote his life pollution happily A to prevent to live B to prevent from living C to preventing to live D to preventing living 解析 答案为 C 但易误选 B 认为第一空应填 to 是不定式符号 第二空是 prevent from doing sth 是固定搭配 其实 devote to 把 奉献给 中的 to 是介词 接 ing 形式 第二空也不是 阻止污染过上幸福生活 而是 为了过上幸福生活而阻止污染 用不定式作目的状语 3 母语干扰型 学外语最忌母语干扰 但由于母语在大脑中根深蒂固 所以常常会对外语学习者大脑 中尚不牢固的外语知识产生负面影响 命题者也往往利用这一点 制造陷阱 例 3 I ll come to see you if A you re convenient B it is convenient for you C you feel convenient D it is convenient with you 解析 答案为 B 但易误选 A 或 C 因为按汉语意思 如果你方便的话 易直译为 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient 但事实上 英语中表示 如果你方便的话 通 常说 if it is convenient for to you 4 插入隔离型 有时一个本来很简单的句子 在其中置入一个插入成分 或将某些成分从正常位置调 入一个在同学们看来属 非正常 的位置 则很有可能给同学们的理解带来困难 例 4 He ran as fast as he could the bus A catch B to catch C catching D caught 解析 答案为 B 但易选 A 以为情态动词 could 后要接动词原形 其实 这里的情态 用心 爱心 专心2 动词 could 后已省略了一个动词原形 run 了 后面应用动词不定式表示目的 5 借用倒装型 英语句子的一般语序为 主语部分 谓语部分 如果把谓语或谓语的一部分放到主语 前面 我们称之为倒装 命题者就利用这种 不正常 的句式跟你 绕弯子 解决类似的题 目 关键是要熟悉倒装规则 学会识别倒装句 例 5 he followed my advice he would have succeeded A When B If C Had D Has 解析 答案为 C 但易误选 B 若选 B 主句和从句的时态就会矛盾了 根据后面的谓 语的形式 前面要用过去完成式 had followed 才对 其实 这里的 if 被省略 将 had 提前 了 下面就请你练练身手吧 你可别掉进陷阱哟 万一掉进去了 那就要好好反思一下 并希望你能从中获得一些启发 1 smoking here will be fined A Who B Whomever C Anyone D Whoever 2 After seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile A which B it C what D that 3 is known to everybody the moon travels round the earth once every month A It B As C That D What 4 He is always really rude is why people tend to avoid him A that B it C this D which 5 Mr Smith is a painter I should also like to be A that B which C who D it 6 According to the rules students must not their books during examinations A read B watch C notice D look at 7 Remind him the window when he leaves A of closing B closing C to close D close 8 On Saturday afternoon Mrs Green went to the market some bananas and visited her cousin A bought B buying C to buy D buy 9 It was 10 o clock the front doorbell rang A where B when C that D which 10 we went for a swim A Being hot B It being hot C As it is hot D It was hot 11 Before he went abroad he spent as much time as he English A could learning B learned C to learn D could learn 12 Did they all pass the driving test No only three of them who passed it A there was B that was C there were D it was 13 The Two Cities referred London and Paris A is to B to be C to are D to going to be 用心 爱心 专心3 14 This is the main use that the scientists make of natural resources A it B which C use D 15 Mr Smith is a good teacher we all respect A such that B such as C so that D so as 16 If you want to go to see the movie so I A do B am C will D should 17 Which do you enjoy your weekends fishing or watching TV A spending B to spend C being spent D spend 18 Is there a shop around we can buy some toilet articles A that B which C where D what 答案与简析 1 C smoking here 做后置定语修饰主语 anyone 若把 smoking 改为 smokes 那就选 D 2 C after 在此处是介词 what the time that 引导宾语从句 3 B as 引导的是定语从句 代表后面整句话的意思 若把逗号改为 that 就选 A it 是形 式主语 that 从句为主语从句 4 D which 引导非限制性定语从句 假如把逗号改为句号或分号 就用 It 或 That 5 B which 引导非限制性定语从句 先行词是表示职业身份的 a painter 6 D 句意为 学生们考试时不能看书 作弊 不是读书的意思 7 C remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事 remind sb of sth 使某人想起类似的人或事 8 A and 连接了三个动词 9 B it 在此指时间 when 引导的是时间状语从句 若在 10 o 蒺 clock 前加上 at 就是 强调结构了 10 B 前后主语不一致 不能选 A C 项时态不符 句子之间没有连接词 不能选 D 11 A 情态动词 could 后本来有动词原形 spend 只是被省略了 12 D 强调句型 13 C referred to 是后置定语 14 D that the scientists make of 是定语从句 关系代词 that 代表先行词 use make use of 利用 为固定短语 15 B 因