2014年高考试卷

2014 年广东高考英语试题及答案解析年广东高考英语试题及答案解析 I 语言知识及应用 共两节 满分语言知识及应用 共两节 满分 45 分 分 第一节第一节 完形填空 共完形填空 共 15 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 分 满分分 满分 30 分 分 阅读下面短文 掌握其大意 然后从 1 15 各题所给的 A B C 和 D 项中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers Then again teenagers have 1 feeling about their parents saying that it is not easy living with them According to a recent research the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks On the one hand parents go mad over 3 rooms clothers thrown on the floor and their children s refusal to help with the 4 On the other hand teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom not cleaning their room or refusing to do the shopping at the suppermarket The research conducted by St George University shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems However some approaches are more 7 than others For example thoses parents who yell at their children for their untidiness but 8 clean the room for them have fewer chances of changing their children s 9 On the contrary those who let teeenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better For example when teenagers who don t help their parents with the shopping don t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator they are forced to 11 their actions Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent child relationships Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space Communication is a two way process It only by listening to and 15 each other that probems between parents and children can be settled 1 A natural B strong C guilty D similar 2 A interest B argument C link D knowledge 3 A noisy B crowded C messy D locked 4 A homework B housework C problem D research 5 A washing B using C dropping D replacing 6 A approaches B contributions C introductions D attitudes 7 A complex B popular C scientific D successful 8 A later B deliberately C seldom D thoroughly 9 A behavior B taste C future D nature 10 A failures B changes C consequences D thrills 11 A defend B delay C repeat D reconsider 12 A communication B bond C friendship D trust 13 A reply B attend C attach D talk 14 A hate B scold C frighten D stop 15 A loving B observing C understanding D praising 答案及解析答案及解析 可乐 解释 本文首先指出父母与十几岁的孩子之间存在矛盾冲突及其原因 然后是 研究发现的不同父母对此采取的不同方法 有的方法较另一些方法更有效 果 最后一段是心理学家对解决冲突的建议 1 D 由 not easy living with them their parents 孩子觉得与父母生活在一 起不易 与 difficult to live with teenagers 父母觉得与十几岁的孩子生活在一 起很难 可知 孩子与父母有 相似的 感受 逻辑推断 2 B 由前两句 可知父母之间有 矛盾 再根据 regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks 关于不整洁和日常事情 对照各选项 只有 argument 争吵 适合 逻辑推断 3 C 由前句的 untidiness 和后面的 clothes thrown on the floor 可知 房间 是 messy 凌乱不堪的 逻辑推断 也可将 untidiness 与 messy 看作是近 义复现 4 B 由上文提到的收拾房间之类的事 应是 housework 家务活 上下 义复现 5 C 由后面的 not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping 可 知 这里应是 dropping the towel in the bathroom 一起为 blame them 的原 因 逻辑推断 或词语同现 受责备的应都是负面的意思 6 A 由下句的 However some approaches 提示 可知这里是指 不同的 父母对待这些问题有不同的 方法 原词复现 7 D 从下面的例子可以看出 有的方法比别的方法更能 达到预期的目 的 successful 下文中的 do better 也有提示作用 逻辑推断 8 A 指 yell at their children 对孩子大声叫喊 之后 意为 但是 后来 又 为他们清扫房间 逻辑推断 9 A 改变孩子不爱整洁的 行为 behavior 逻辑推断 10 C 据下文所举的例子 不帮父母去买东西 在冰箱里就找不到自己最 喜欢的饮料 可知 这是让孩子 感受到自己的行为产生的 后果 逻辑 推断 11 D 在有了上述经历之后 他们就会 重新考虑 他们的行动 逻辑推 断 12 A 由下文中的 Communication is a two way process 可知 此处填 communication 事实上 当完成第 13 空后 就基本上确定此题选 A 了 原词复现 13 D 由 but 可知 要选与 lend an ear to listen to 倾听 相对的 talk 词 语同现 逻辑推断 14 B 由 but 可知 要选与 understand 理解 相对的 scold 责骂 词语 同现 逻辑推断 15 C 此句是强调结构 是对前两句的总结 一句是说要 lend an ear to listen to 倾听 一句是说要 understand 倾听 所以总结为 只有通过 倾听和相互理解 父母与孩子之间的问题才可得到解决 原词复现 第二节第二节 语法填空 共语法填空 共 10 小题 每小题小题 每小题 1 5 分 满分分 满分 15 分 分 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 在空格处 填入一个适当的词或者括号中词语的正确形式填空 并将答案填写在答题 卡标号为 16 25 的相应位置上 Last year my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 was a wonderful holiday destination Before we went we had planned for months When the day came we were ready After our plane landed we went to the hotel We had made our reservation six months 17 early but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake We 18 tell that our rooms hadn t been reserved for that week 19 for the week after I didn t understand 20 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21 the reservation What s worse the hotel had been fully booked When we were wondering what to do the manager came out She was 22 surprise helpful She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23 top floor We had never stayed in such an amazing room and we weren t charged extra The next day my brother and I went to the beach 24 we watched some people play volleyball We got a little 25 sunburn but the day had been so relaxing that we didn t mind 答案及解析 答案及解析 可乐 解释 本文是讲我和我兄弟去 Miami 迈阿密 旅游 当到达目的地后 来到六 个月前订的宾馆 却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的 且该宾馆房间已 订满 正当不知如何办时 经理出来了 将他们安排在留出来的 VIP 房间 且不另外收他们的钱 这真是个意外的意外 16 it 在 said 后的宾语从句中缺主语 应填代词 指代前句中的 Miami 这个地方 应用 it 17 earlier 在句中作状语 依然用副词 不变词性 可考虑用比较级 由时态 had made 可知是 早在六个月前 就订好了 18 were told 由句意或 tell sb sth 这一句型结构可知 是 我们被告知 由上下文的时态可知 用一般过去时的被动语态 19 but 这是考虑 not but 结构 意为 不是为那个星期订的 而是为 后一个星期所订的 20 why 意为 我不知道为什么会发生这样的事 故用 why 引导宾语从 句 21 for 因 charge for 是习惯搭配 22 surprisingly 因本句已有作表语的形容词 helpful 所以应当用副词来 修饰形容词 helpful 指 令人惊讶地 意外的 故填 surprisingly 23 the 特指 在顶楼 24 where 先行词是地点 the beach 且在定语从句中作状语 故填 where on which and on the beach and there 25 sunburnt 在表示 变化 的 got 后作表语 要用形容词 sunburn 是名 词 阅读 共两节 满分阅读 共两节 满分 5050 分 分 第一节第一节 阅读理解 共阅读理解 共 20 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 分 满分分 满分 40 分 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的 A B C 和 D 项中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 A Samuel Osmond is a 19 year old law student from Cornwall England He never studied the piano However he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts Then he thinks about the notes in his head Two years ago he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata 奏鸣曲 by Beethoven He surprised everyone around him Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable They say his ability is very rare but Samuel doesn t even realize that what he can do is special Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents but music teachers told him he should study music instead Now he studies law and music Samuel can t understand why everyone is so surprised I grew up with music My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar About two years ago I suddenly decided to start playing the piano without being able to read music and without having any lessons It comes easily to me I hear the notes and can bear them in mind each and every note says Samuel Recently Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college The piece had more than a thousand notes The audience was impressed by his amazing performance He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can t play it Samuel says confidently It s all about super memory I guess I have that gift However Samuel s ability to remember things doesn t stop with music His family says that even when he was a young boy Samuel heard someone read a story and then he could retell the story word for word Samuel is still only a teenager He doesn t know what he wants to do in the future For now he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies 26 What is special about Samuel Osmond A He has a gift for writing music B He can write down the note he hears C He is a top student at the law school D He can play the musical piece he hears 27 What can we learn from Paragraph 2 A Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents B Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician C Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability D Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers 28 Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he A received a good early education in music B played the guitar and the piano perfectly C could play the piano without reading music D could play the guitar better than his father 29 What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4 A He became famous during a special event at his college B He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately C He plays the piano better than many professional pianists D He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces 30 Which of the following is the best title of the passage A The Qualities of a Musician B The Story of a Musical Talent C The Importance of Early Education D The Relationship between Memory and Music 答案及解析 答案及解析 本文是记叙文 介绍有音乐天才的 Samuel Osmond 26 D 细节理解题 由第一段中的 However he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them 可知选 D 顺便提醒 有 however 或 but 的地方往往是 出题的地方 可以注意哟 27 B 细节理解题 由第二段最后两句 Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents but music teachers told him he should study music instead Now he studies law and music 可知选 B Samuel 按照 父母的意愿是想做律师的 而不是做音乐家 因按父母的意愿是学法律 按老师的建议学音乐 故 D 错 28 C 综合细节题 由第三段最一句 Samuel can t understand why everyone is so surprised 和第三四句 I suddenly decided to start playing the piano without being able to read music and without having any lessons It comes easily to me I hear the notes and can bear them in mind each and every note 可知 他不用看音符就能演奏钢琴 故选 C 29 B 推断隐含意义 由第四段最后一句 Samuel says confidently It s all about super memory I guess I have that gift 可推出 30 B 选择标题题 也属主旨要义题 每段都有 Samuel 全文都是说学 法津的 Samuel 有音乐天才 B It was a cold winter day A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth 收费站 I m paying for myself and for the six cars behind me she said with a smile handing over seven tickets One after another the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed Some lady up ahead already paid your fare It turned out that the woman Natalie Smith had read something on a friend s refrigerator Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home When it stayed on her mind for days she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down I thought it was beautiful she said explaining why she d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters like a message from above Her husband Frank liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson a local news reporter Alice put it in the newspaper admitting that though she liked it she didn t know where it came from or what it really meant Two days later Alice got a call from Anne Herbert a woman living in Marin It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper after turning it around in her mind for days Here s the idea Anne says Anything you think there should be more of do it randomly Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town and giving money secretly to a proud old lady Anne says Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can The acts of random kindness spread If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later Like all great events kindness begins slowly with every single act Let it be yours 31 Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her A She knew the car drivers well B She wanted to show kindness C She hoped to please others D She had seven tickets 32 Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she A thought it was beautifully written B wanted to know what it really meant C decided to write it on a warehouse wall D wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom 33 Who came up with the phrase according to the passage A Judy Foreman B Natalie Smith C Alice Johnson D Anne Herbert 34 Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above A Kindness and violence can change the world B Kindness and violence can affect one s behavior C Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves D Kindness and violence can shape one s character 35 What can we infer from the last paragraph A People should practice random kindness to those in need B People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others C People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet D People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver 答案及解析 答案及解析 31 B 细节推断题 第一段说 Natalie Smith 为其后面的六辆车交费 第 二段交等了其中的原因 是她看到的 Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty 这句话给了她深刻印象 由此推断 她是受这句话 的启发 想给他人施恩 故选 B 32 A 细节理解题 由第三段第三句 I thought it was beautiful she said explaining why she d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters 可知 选 A 选项 B 文中无信息支持 无中生有 选项 C 决定将其写在仓库墙 上 与文中 看到离家很远的一个仓库墙上看到这句话 意义不同 张冠李 戴 虽然文中有她老公将其写在教室的墙上 但并不是她要他写的 更不 是她抄写这句话的目的 与事实不符 33 D 细节理解题 本题是问 谁想出这句话来的 由第四段中的 It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper 可知 是 Anne Herbert 想出这句话来的 可用排除法 Natalie Smith 是在朋友的 冰霜上看到的 Judy Foreman 是在仓库的墙上抄下来的 Alice Johnson 是 从她女儿那得知的 她女儿是因为 Judy Foreman 的老公将此句写在教室 的墙上而得知的 故不是这三个人想出来的 34 C 推断句子意义 推断词 短语或句子意思 需结合上下文去理解 本段中先是 Anne Herbert 解释她想出的那句话意为 你认为 生活中或世 界上 应该多一些存在的事 那么你就随意去做这样的事 接说着她想象 中的这类事包括 给破旧教室粉墙 在穷人区的厨房里留下热饭 等善举 那么该段结尾的话 善举和暴力一样可以在它们自己的基础上建立起来 其真正的含义是什么呢 再看看接下来这一段 特别是第一句 随意的善 举是可以传播或蔓延 可知 善举同暴力一样是可以自我繁衍的 故选 C 35 B 推理判断题 由最后一段的第一和第二句可以推知 受到恩惠的 人很可能会施惠于他人 将恩惠传播下去 C Like many new graduates I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do My degree with honors in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow but I had no idea how to do that That s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers I knew it would be a lot of hard work and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time In short I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly Neither did my family Eventually however I won the support of my family and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application After countless interviews and presentations I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone Several months later I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty I would be going to a small village near Abuja Nigeria Where What Nigeria I had no idea But I was about to find out After completing my training I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation Though the local villagers were poor they offered their homes hearts and food as if I were their own family I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse For the next year or so I taught in that same schoolhouse But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me Sometime during that period I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did though I did not get anywhere with the local language and returned to the United States a different man The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever 36 What do we know about the author A His university education focused on the theoretical knowledge B His dream at university was to become a volunteer C He took pride in having contributed to the world D He felt honored to study English literature 37 According to the Paragraph 2 it is most likely that the author A discussed his decision with his family B asked previous volunteers about voluntary work C attended special training to perform difficult tasks D felt sad about having to leave his family and friends 38 In his application for the volunteer job the author A participated in many discussions B went through challenging survival tests C wrote quite a few papers on voluntary work D faced strong competition from other candidates 39 On arrival at the village the author was A asked to lead a farming team B sent to teach in a schoolhouse C received warmly by local villagers D arranged to live in a separate house 40 What can we infer from the author s experiences in Nigeria A He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture B He had learned to communicate in the local language C He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home D He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students 答案及解析 答案及解析 本文作者叙述的是自己申请叫做灯塔计划的志愿者工作的过程和被选 作志愿者后去阿布加附近的一个小村庄工作的经历 这段经历让作者学到 了许多 改变了人生 36 A 细节理解题 由第一段第二句 My degree with honors in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical 可知 作者的大学 教育注重的是理解知识 选 A 37 A 推理判断题 由第二段最后一句 In short I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly Neither did my family 总 之 我并不是轻易决定申请灯塔计划的 我的家人也一样不是轻易决定的 和 第三段首句 Eventually however I won the support of my family 然而 最后 我赢得了家人的赞同 可以推断出 作者是同家人讨论商量过的 38 D 推理判断题 由第二段的第二句 After countless interviews and presentations I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone 可推知 作者面临了与其他候选人的激烈竞争 选项 A 参加了许多 讨论 文中无信息支持 是无中生有 应排除 选项 B 经历了富有挑战 性的生存测试 特别是由 survival 可知 编题者利用了文中的只言片语 survive test 编造与文中不符的信息 迷惑考生 应排除 选项 C 写了 相当多的有关志愿者工作的论文 与文中 sent in all the paperwork needed for the application 呈送申请所需要的文书 不符 应排除 故选 D 39 C 细节理解题 由第四段 Though the local villagers were poor they offered their homes hearts and food as if I were their own family 可知 一到 达这个村庄时 他受到村民的热情接待 故选 C 文中信息具体 正确选 项是对其概括 40 A 推理判断题 由最后一段第一句 all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did 他当初觉得奇怪或不寻常的所有事现 在都不再觉得奇怪了 可推断 已适应了 但当初不适应时要适应这些 是有困难的 故选 A D Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents 洋流 Most do it using satellites and other h