湖北省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（71）

用心 爱心 专心1 湖北省湖北省 20122012 高考英语二轮复习专题训练 阅读理解 高考英语二轮复习专题训练 阅读理解 7171 阅读下列短文 从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选出最佳选项 A A RulesRules forfor thethe UniversityUniversity EntranceEntrance ExaminationExamination You must be at the examination center ten minutes before the examination starts If you are more than ten minutes late you may not enter the examination center The examination takes place at the same time in different states You must have proof of your name and grade as well as official examination number Show these when you come to the examination center Depending on which examination you are taking you may bring certain items into the examination center Mathematics examinations may allow you to use electronic calculators Other subjects may allow you to use dictionaries and other reference material Please read the notes sent with your timetable carefully You must bring your own pencils None will be provided for you The following items are not allowed in the examination center walkmans and radios head sets any food or drink schoolbags electronic equipment unless specifically permitted for various subjects and mobile phones Once in the center you must sit at the desk with your examination number on it When you sit down place your examination number at the top corner of your desk You must remain silent during the examination You must not disturb other people who are taking the test If you need a drink or toilet break you should raise your hand and wait for the supervisor 监督者 to speak to you You will be given water or the supervisor will take you to the bathroom You are not allowed to talk with anyone during the break You must write your answers in the official answer sheet Your supervisor will provide extra paper if you wish to make notes You may leave the examination room at any time if you do not plan to return If you finish early and want to leave please move well away from the examination center The supervisor will warn you fifteen minutes five minutes and one minute before the end of the examination When the supervisor says that the time is up you must put down your pencil and wait at your desk until you paper is collected 用心 爱心 专心2 1 1 What kind of examination are these rules probably for A A A local exam B B A final exam C C A college exam D D A national exam 2 2 What are you allowed to have with you when you take mathematics examination A A Related material B B Proof of yourself C C A cell phone D D A dictionary 3 3 What should you do if you finish the test early and want to get a better result A A Take some notes carefully B B Leave the room immediately C C Remain in your seat and check again D D Raise your hand to inform your teacher 4 4 What can be provided for you during the exam A A Pencils B B Food and drink C C Extra paper D D Calculators B B Why do men die earlier than women The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20 25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age said the head of the study David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat Between the age of 20 and 70 one third of those cells die and are not replaced in men said Goldspink This is part of the ageing process What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells A healthy 70 year old woman s heart could perform almost as well as a 20 year old one s This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men said Goldspink They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between 用心 爱心 专心3 the ages of 18 and 80 focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart said Goldspink The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age 5 5 The text mainly talks about A A men s heart cells B B women s ageing process C C the gender difference D D hearts and long life 6 6 According to the text the UK scientists have known that A A women have more cells than men when they are born B B women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat C C the female heart loses few of the cells with age D D women never lose their pumping power with age 7 7 If you want to live longer you should A A enable your heart to beat much faster B B find out the reason for ageing C C exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy D D prevent your cells from being lost 8 8 We can know from the passage that A A the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out B B scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells C C the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss D D women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20 C C Believe it or not optical illusion 错觉 can cut highway crashes Japan is a case in point It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion But stripes called chevrons 人字形 painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are and thus drivers slow down Now the American Automobile Association Foundation 基金会 for Traffic Safety in Washington D C is planning to repeat Japan s success Starting next year the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on 用心 爱心 专心4 selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes Excessive 过多的 speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents according to the foundation To help reduce those accidents the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed related hazards 危险 are the greatest curves exit slopes traffic circles and bridges Some studies suggest that straight horizontal bars painted across roads can initially 起初 cut the average speed of drivers in half However traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars Chevrons scientists say not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents 9 The passage mainly discusses A a new way of highway speed control B a new pattern for painting highways C a new way of training drivers D a new type of optical illusion 10 On roads painted with chevrons drivers tend to feel that A they should avoid speed related hazards B they are driving in the wrong lane C they should slow down their speed D they are coming near to the speed limit 11 The advantage of chevrons over straight horizontal bars is that the former A can keep drivers awakeB can cut road accidents in half C will look more attractiveD will have a longer effect on drivers 12 The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to A try out the Japanese method in certain areas B change the road signs across the country C replace straight horizontal bars with chevrons D repeat the Japanese road patterns D D 用心 爱心 专心5 Just as the stock market rises and falls in response to what people are willing to put their money behind we have inside ourselves an inner economy that rises and falls in response to our beliefs about what is possible Sometimes the degree to which we are willing to challenge our belief systems determines the success of our inner economy For example imagine that your family of origin had a belief that musical talent was not something they possessed As a member of that group you would likely inherit that same belief about yourself As a result even if you had a great desire to create music you might be hesitant to really get behind yourself fearing that your investment 投资 would not pay off Even if you had the courage to follow your passion your inner belief that you are not inherently talented would probably be a major obstacle 障碍 to investing your energy in your dream On the other hand if you found a way to release that negative belief a great flood of energy would pour forth greatly increasing the likelihood of your success How much energy we are willing to invest in the various ideas dreams and visions we carry within is like the money people are or are not willing to invest in the various products available for trade on the stock market And in both cases belief plays a key role in determining how willing we are to get behind something One way to open up the possibility for greater success in our inner economies is to understand that belief is not the reliable guide we sometimes think There are other more reliable things of success that we can put our faith in such as passion feeling and sense Some of the most successful investors in the stock market are the ones that go against the grain trusting their sense over the common opinion held by common people about what will work In the same way we can learn to trust our heart s desires and our sense to guide us questioning any beliefs that stand in the way of our ability to fully invest in ourselves As we take out energy from limiting ideas about what is possible we free up the resources that have the power to make our inner economy prosper 13 We can safely conclude from the first paragraph that A our belief is not reliable B belief is an obstacle to our success C belief is not so important in our success D our belief determines our success in some way 14 According to the passage if a family of origin has passion for literature the members of the family will probably 用心 爱心 专心6 A teach literature B hate literature C write poems D enter the field of literature 15 We can put our faith in the following things of success except A passion B feeling C sense D stock market 16 The purpose of the author is A to teach us a lesson B to give us some useful suggestions C to tell us that our belief is not reliable D to encourage us to invest in the stock market E E There are two types of people in the world Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy This arises from the different ways in which they consider things persons events and the resulting effects upon their minds People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things the pleasant parts of conversation the well prepared dishes the goodness of the wine and the fine weather They enjoy all the cheerful things Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things Therefore they are continually dissatisfied By their remarks they sour the pleasure of society offend many people and make themselves disagreeable everywhere If this turn of mind was founded in nature such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation 模仿 It grows into a habit unknown to its possessors The habit may be strong but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes I hope this little warning may be of service to them and help them change this habit Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck Those people offend many others nobody loves them and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune nobody wishes them success Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes If they bring on themselves public objections no