湖北省黄石市2014高考英语 阅读理解训练题（20）

1 湖北省黄石市湖北省黄石市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解训练题 高考英语阅读理解训练题 2020 及答案 及答案 科普知识型阅读理解 二 一 Plants have family values too it seems with new research suggesting they can recognize close relatives in order to work together An ability to tell family from strangers is well known in animals allowing them to cooperate and share resources but plants may possess similar social skills scientists believe Susan Dudley and Amanda File of McMaster University in Ontario Canada report they have demonstrated for the first time that plants can recognize their kin This suggests that plants though lacking recognition and memory are capable of complex social interactions Plants have this kind of hidden but complicated social life Dudley said The study found plants from the same species of beach dwelling wildflower grew aggressively alongside unrelated neighbors but were less competitive when they shared soil with their families Sea rocket a North American species showed stronger and healthier root growth when planted in pots with strangers than when raised with relatives from the same maternal 母系的 family the study found This is an example of kin selection a behavior common in animals in which closely related individuals take a group approach to succeeding in their environment the researchers said Kin selection also applies to competition because if family members compete less with each other the group will do better overall Everywhere you look plants are growing right up next to other plants Dudley said Usually it s a case of each plant for itself But sometimes those plants are related and there are benefits to not wasting resources on being competitive and there is not really a cost to not being competitive as long as your neighbor is also not being competitive Learning and memory appear to be important for kin recognition in animals but this isn t an option for plants she noted 2 Some researchers speculate 猜测 that plants communicate through their roots identifying themselves using tiny chemical signatures specific to each plant s family 6 What s the main idea of the message A Studies find plants can recognize communicate with relatives B Kin selection is important for plants C Animals can recognize and memorize their relatives D Competition asks plants to recognize their relatives 7 Which of the following is NOT right about animals social skill A Animals can recognize and memorize their relatives B Animals social skill is to cooperate and share resources C Animals social skill can recognize close relatives in order to work together D Animals social skill is no use at all 8 Plants kin selection is to A grow well B compete with other kinds of plants C strengthen the relationship among siblings D find which one is the best 9 From the passage we learn that A sea rocket is a South American species B sea rocket grows aggressively alongside unrelated neighbors C sea rocket grows aggressively alongside its siblings D sea rocket is a kind of bush without flowers 10 How can the plants communicate with each other according to experts suppose A Plants communicate by using tiny chemical signatures specific to each plant s family B Plants communicate with each other through their roots C Plants communicate with each other by their leaves D Plants communicate with each other with their flowers 一 本文是科普说明文 科学家经过研究发现 和动物一样 植物也有亲属选择的习性 同 3 时排挤其他种类植物 同时介绍了同系植物之间不竞争的原因 作用以及交流方式 6 A 主旨大意题 全文说明研究发现 植物也可以辨别亲属 和亲属交流共生而和 其他植物生长在一起时则疯狂排挤竞争 7 D 细节理解题 从第二段可以判断出动物的社会能力非常有用 是为了合作 为 了共享资源 而不是没用 8 B 细节理解题 从倒数第三段看出 植物的亲属判断力是为了竞争 9 B 推理判断题 倒数第五段提到 sea rocket 和其他种类的植物长在一起时根系发 达 具有侵略性 这是为了和其他植物竞争 夺取更多的资源 10 B 细节理解题 最后一段说明科学家猜测植物之间的交流可能是用根进行的 用 微小的化学成分去验明是否是亲属 结束 You re in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater You listen to their conversation I can t believe it a Lorenzo Betrolla They are almost impossible to find Isn t it beautiful And it s a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater It s nice and the price is right You ve never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla but those girls looked really stylish They must know So you buy it You never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency They are actually paid to go from store to store talking loudly about Lorenzo Bertolla clothes Every day we notice what people are wearing driving and eating If the person looks cool the product seems cool too This is the secret of undercover marketing Companies from Ford to Nike are starting to use it Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that don t pay attention to traditional advertising This is particularly true of the MTV generation consumers between the age of 18 and 34 It is a golden group They have a lot of money to spend but they don t trust ads So advertising agencies hire young actors to perform in bars and other 4 places where young adults go Some people might call this practice misleading but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative Look at traditional advertising Its effectiveness is decreasing However one might ask what exactly is real about the young women pretending to be enthusiastic about a sweater Advertising executives 主管 would say it s no less real than flu ad The difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something You don t know a conversation you overhear is just a performance 13 The two attractive young women were talking so that they could A get the sweater at a lower price B be heard by people around C be admired by other shoppers D decide on buying the sweater 14 Lorenzo Bertolla is A a very popular male singer B an advertising agency C a clothing company in Rome D the brand name of a sweater 15 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage A The two girls are in fact employed by the Lorenzo Bertolla Company B The MTV generation tends to be more easily influenced by ads C Traditional advertising is becoming less effective because it s too direct D Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government 16 Which of the following would be the best title for the text A Two Attractive Shoppers B Lorenzo Bertolla Sweaters C Ways of Advertising D Undercover Marketing 13 16 BDCD 结束 5 Developing your spoken English The natural approach Financial Express Dec 24 2005 There lived a man in a village Like any other village in Bangladesh speaking in English was considered a great quality in his village However he went to England for a visit When he returned to his village someone wanted to know how the people of London were like Amazing he said World Health Organization Praises OECS Secretariat for Drug Procurement RedNova Dec 26 2005 Text of report by Caribbean Media Corporation news agency website on 26 December Castries St Lucia An official from the World Health Organization WHO has given the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Secretariat high marks for its ability to handle quality assurance matters relating to the procurement of drugs for the people of the sub region Indian Ocean Tsunami A Remembrance Voice of America Dec 26 2005 Today December 26 Indian Ocean nations are marking the one year anniversary of the deadly tsunami that crashed into two continents to cause unimaginable death and destruction Wind Driven Grass Fires Kill One in Texas Dec 28 2005 CROSS PLAINS Texas Rancher Dean Dillard was able to save his 72 year old mother s home from grass fires by soaking the land around it But many of his neighbors weren t as lucky 6 Russian Rocket Puts European Satellite Galileo into Planned Orbit RedNova Dec 28 2005 The first satellite of the European system of global positioning Galileo launched from the Russian Baykonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on 28 December has been successfully put into planned orbit with the help of a Russian Soyuz FG rocket carrier Russian news agency ITAR TASS reported the same day quoting Roskosmos the Russian Federal Space Agency U N Official Iraqi Elections Credible Dec 28 2005 BAGHDAD Iraq A United Nations official said Wednesday that Iraq s recent parliamentary elections which have given a strong lead to the Shiite religious bloc dominating the current government were credible and that there was no justification in calls for a rerun 13 Which of the following statements is true A People in Bangladesh like to practice speaking English in London B Indian Ocean Tsunami happened on Dec 26 2005 C Many of the rancher s neighbors lost their homes in the grass fires D According to the UN Iraq s recent elections were dominated by the Shiite religious bloc and are incredible 14 From the above news items we know that A Many of the rancher s neighbors died unluckily in the grass fires B Indian Ocean Tsunami occurred in the two continents C The natural approach has developed the spoken English efficiently D OECS has now been able to handle quality assurance matters about the drug procurement 15 Galileo is A a man made satellite B a Russian Rocket C a spaceship launched from Russia D a European manned satellite 7 16 The above pieces of news A are US National newsB come from Europe C happened in Indian OceanD cover the globe 13 16 CDAD 结束 Parents are among the world s most passionate art collectors saving their children s artwork until every nook and corner is filled But when space runs out how do you decide what to keep what to recycle and how to display all of those precious things It s essential to periodically sort through your children s artwork Jenn Wilson an art teacher at Toronto s Mabin School suggests parents involve their children in the process and use it as an opportunity for discussion You can limit yourself to three or four pieces that sum up your child s recent artistic development Or you can be guided by size store the smaller items and make digital copies of the larger ones The rest can be recycled Wilson advises parents to note down as much information as they can on the artwork to be saved including the child s name title materials date and grade If possible include details about what the child was thinking when doing the art collected from your conversation That will be enormously valuable years later when the motivation behind the work has faded from memory Internet art galleries offer a great way to share your child s artistic accomplishments with friends and relatives Kids Space is an international site where kids can submit audio files of their music or digitized drawings Global Children s Art Gallery is a nonprofit site with more than 1 000 pictures currently on display If you re up for a challenge design a children s art website for your child s school Sherri Osborn the Minnesota based guide to the Family Crafts area on A found a high tech way to recycle some of her daughter s old school work I scanned it into my computer printed it out onto fabric 织物 and then combined it into a graduation quilt for her I not only scanned some of her 8 artwork but I also scanned poems reports and certificates This quilt was a big hit with everyone especially my daughter 1 Jenn Wilson advocates children participating in sorting through the artwork to A decide which artwork should be stored B help their parents to do housework C use it as an opportunity to talk about art D develop the ability of self help 2 Parents should note down as much details on the artwork as they can in order to A recall the motivation behind the work years later B display the precious work of their children C teach their children reading and writing D decide which one to be recycled 3 We can learn from the passage that Kids Space Global Children s Art Gallery and A are websites A which are designed specially for children B which help parents teach their children C whose bases are in Minnesota D with areas for children s artwork exhibition 4 We can infer from the last paragraph that A Sherri Osborn is an art teacher B Sherri Osborn printed her daughter s work on her bedding C Sherri Osborn s daughter is a primary student D Sherri Osborn s daughter likes the souvenir very much 1 NeverNever looklook downdown uponupon thethe powerpower ofof passion passion 完形填空第五段 不要小瞧了激情的力量 1 She thinks they look down on her because she didn t go to university 她觉得他们瞧不起她是因为她没有上过大学 2 He was looked down on because of his humble background 他因家世寒微而被人看不起 2 YourYour passionpassion willwill helphelp youyou faceface thethe challengeschallenges asas youyou startstart youryour journeyjourney 完形填空第五段 当你开始你的旅程时 你的激情会帮助你面对挑战 9 1 I watched her as she combed her hair 她梳头时我一直看着她 2 As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening 他年纪越来越大 除了喜欢园艺以外 对一切都失去了兴趣 3 ParentsParents areare amongamong thethe world sworld s mostmost passionatepassionate artart collectors collectors 阅读理解 第一段 父母是世界上最有激情的艺术收藏家之一 1 China is among the largest countries in the world 中国是世界上最大的国家之一 2 I was among the last to leave 我是最后离去者之一 4 JennJenn WilsonWilson anan artart teacherteacher atat Toronto sToronto s MabinMabin SchoolSchool suggestssuggests parentsparents involveinvolve theirtheir childrenchildren inin thethe processprocess andand useuse itit asas anan opportunityopportunity forfor discussion discussion 阅读理解第二段 珍 威尔逊是多伦多马宾学校的一名艺术教师 她建议父母应该让孩子参与到这个过程 中来 并借此机会和孩子讨论艺术话题 1 Don t involve me in solving your problems 你解决你的问题 不要把我拉进去 2 The witness s statement involves you in the robbery 证人的证词表明你与劫案有关 答案答案 1 C 2 A 3 D 4 D 结束 Attempt a guess at the following question In the English speaking world which country has the least affordable homes You are wrong if you guessed the US even with the housing bubble 气泡 and main sadness Nor is it the UK where prices have risen because demand is far from supply According to a recent survey of 227 cities around the globe you must go south of the equator 赤道 to Australia to find the priciest homes The report measured a city s housing market along the following guidelines An affordable home required three times or less of the average family s income to purchase At four times earnings a home fell into the unaffordable category And a seriously unaffordable home needed five times a family s 10 income In Australia homes in the least affordable city cost just about 9 5 times the avera