湖北省黄石市2014高考英语 阅读理解训练题（5）

1 湖北省黄石市湖北省黄石市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解训练题 高考英语阅读理解训练题 5 5 及答案 及答案 When I learned that my 71 year old mother was playing Scrabble a word game against herself I knew I had to do something My husband suggested we give her a computer to play against I wasn t sure my mother was ready for it After all it had taken 10 years to persuade her to buy an electric cooker Even so we packed up our old computer and delivered it to my parents home And so began my mother s adventure in the world of computers It also marked the beginning of an unusual teaching task for me I ve taught people of all ages but I never thought I would be teaching my mother how to do anything She has been the one teaching me all my life to cool and sew to enjoy the good times and put up with the bad Now it was my turn to give something back It wasn t easy at the beginning There was so much to explain and to introduce Slowly but surely my mother caught on making notes in a little notebook After a few months of Scrabble and other games I decided it was time to introduce her to word processing 文字处理 This proved to be a bigger challenge 挑战 to her so I gave her some homework I asked her to write me a letter using different letter types colors and spaces Are you this demanding with your kindergarten pupils she asked No of course not I said They already know how to use a computer My mother isn t the only one experiencing a fast personal growth period Thanks to the computer my father has finally got over his phone allergy 过敏 反应 For as long as I can remember any time I called my mother would answer Dad and I have had more phone conversations in the last two months than we ve had in the past 20 years 9 What does the author do A She is a cook B She is a teacher C She is a housewife D She is a computer engineer 2 10 The author decided to give her mother a computer A to let her have more chances to write letters B to support her in doing her homework C to help her through the bad times D to make her life more enjoyable 11 The author asked her mother to write her a letter A because her mother had stopped using the telephone B because she wanted to keep in touch with her mother C so that her mother could practice what she had learned D so that mother could be free from housework 12 After the computer was brought home the author s father A lost interest in cooking B took more phone calls C played more games D began to use it 9 12 BDCB 结束 Pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserable 一 especially if you re a woman according to a new study The research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy Psychologist Dr Brent Scott who led the study said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with customers can backfire He said Smiling for the sake of smiling throughout the day can lead to emotional exhaustion 枯竭 and then withdraw from work so their productivity drops and that s bad for the organization He added Bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization but that s not necessarily the case Dr Scott assistant professor of management at Michigan State University 3 analyzed a group of bus drivers during a two week period His team examined the effects of surface acting 一 pretending to smile compared with what was termed deep acting 一 cultivating 培养 positive emotions by recalling pleasant memories He said Women were harmed more by surface acting meaning their mood worsened even more than the men and they withdrew more from work However they were helped more by deep acting which means their mood improved more and they withdrew less Therefore pretending to be happy while feeling down is more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings Although deep acting seemed to improve mood in the short term Dr Scott says it s not a long term solution 解决方 法 to feeling unhappy He said You re trying to cultivate positive emotions but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself anymore 8 What does the text mainly tell us A Women suffer more than men when pretending to be happy B It is wrong of employers to force the workers to smile all the time C Cultivating positive emotions is a must for the women workers D Men are harmed less by surface acting than by deep acting 9 The finding of the research might serve as a warning especially to A women employers B customers D bus drivers D bosses 10 The underlined word backfire in Paragraph 2 probably means B suffer from hard work C get angry more easily C have the opposite effect D become more productive 11 According to Dr Scott A women suffer more than men when always wearing a smile B workers shouldn t wear forced smiles to please their boss C employers should know the bad effect of forcing their workers to smile 4 D deep acting is a good lasting solution to feeling unhappy 8 8 1 11 1 A A D D C C C C 结结束束 People have been acting like people in other words they ve been making tools creating ceremonies and sharing food for a long time That s the conclusion of a recent study from South Africa s southern coast There in a cave lying above the sea researchers from Arizona State University have found evidence that humans were behaving in surprisingly complex ways as early as 164 000 years ago Our species Homo sapiens appeared an estimated 200 000 years ago The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people First the researchers found the remains of all kinds of shellfish The people who lived in the cave probably collected these creatures from rocky shores and tide pools and brought them to the cave to eat The researchers propose the early Africans moved to the South African coast between 195 000 and 130 000 years ago Around that time the climate inland turned relatively cold and dry Therefore there were fewer plants and animals to eat away from the coast When these ancient people moved to the coast they probably experienced a major cultural shift the researchers suspect That s because observations of modern hunter gatherer societies suggest that men are more likely to hunt for big animals when people live inland On the coast women play a more important role in providing food by gathering plants and shellfish As for the second clue the researchers unearthed 57 pieces of reddish pigment 颜料 The researchers think that the cave habitants used the paint for coloring their bodies or for other ceremonies Symbolic behavior is a clearly human feature Finally the search discovered over 1 800 stone tools including well crafted blades 刀片 These blades came in various sizes The smallest were 5 just less than a half inch wide Ancient people may have attached these blades to the end of a stick to make spears or other tools 11 What is the passage mainly about A Ancient cave behavior B New evidence of ancient life C The history of human beings D Human behavior s development 12 The early Africans moved to the South African coast with the main purpose of A avoiding badly cold and dry weather B seeking the cultural development C seeking enough food to live on D living a newer and better life 13 According to the passage the cave habitants A knew how to use colors for decoration B made a living largely by hunting animals C only could made tools with rough blades D could hunt for fish in the sea with ships 14 After the early Africans moved to the coast what probably happened to their culture A Women s role was as important as men s role in families B They were no longer used to living inlands but living on the coast C Men s role was more important than women s role in earning food D Women s role was more important than men s role in earning food 15 The new discoveries in the cave should support the theory that A modern human behavior developed smoothly fast from the ancient time B modern human behavior developed slowly from the ancient time C South Africa is the birthplace of the earliest human beings in the world D modern human behavior is largely the same as ancient human behavior 二 在南非南部海岸一个洞穴里所发现的古代非洲人的行为说明 人类自古以来一直就像人 一样地生活 即一直制造工具 创立仪式和分享食物 最后经过漫长的历史发展到今天 11 A 主旨大意题 文章首先提出 古代人类一直就像人那样地生活 接着指出 在 6 南非南部海岸一个洞穴里发现的古代非洲人的行为线索就说明这一点 之后第三段提出 The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people 下 文便介绍 The cave habitants behavior 由此判断全文的主要内容是 Ancient cave behavior B 项过于抽象 C D 两项与文章内容不符合 12 C 细节理解题 根据第五段 Around that time the climate inland turned relatively cold and dry Therefore there were fewer plants and animals to eat away from the coast 可知 古代非洲人是因为内陆气候相对寒冷干燥致使能吃的动植物越 来越少才不得不南迁至海岸 由此可知 其南迁的主要目的是为了寻找食物求生存 故选 C 13 A 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段 The researchers think that the cave habitants used the paint for coloring their bodies or for other ceremonies 可知 洞穴人会用颜料装饰 故选 A 非洲人南迁才成了洞穴人 捕猎是他们南迁成为洞穴人之前 的生活方式 故排除 B C 项错在 only rough blades D 项内容在文中未提到 14 D 细节理解题 根据第六段 men are more likely to hunt for big animals when people live inland On the coast women play a more important role in providing food by gathering plants and shellfish 可判断 D 项正确 15 B 推理判断题 由第一段可知 在南非南部海岸一个洞穴里发现的古代非洲人的 行为线索说明了 人类自古以来一直就像人那样地生活 即一直制造工具 创立仪式和分享 食物 最后经过漫长的历史发展到今天 即 现代人的行为是从古代逐渐发展而来的 故选 B 项 结束 Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now and they did not need to be as careful as they must today They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers Of course sometimes there were real disasters 灾难 which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore At such times there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems New safety rules 7 were often introduced as a result of these inquiries however the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers In the U S for example there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell A third department looks at the places where people work and then reports any company that is breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers Of course new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness but they are having some good results Our work places are safer and cleaner than before The planes and cars which we use for travel are better Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products 11 The main topic of the passage is A conditions in the work place B the freedom of industries in the past C changes in industrial production D the safety and health of workers and customers 12 It can be inferred from the passage that in the past A workers often got ill because of the poor working conditions B companies were free to put out any products they wanted to C many people were killed by dangerous products D industries were as careful in management as they are today 13 It is implied in t