2012版高考英语 3-2-1精品系列 专题09 非谓语动词

1 20132013 3 3 年高考年高考 2 2 年模拟年模拟 1 1 年原创精品系列年原创精品系列 专题专题 0909 非谓语动词非谓语动词 考点定位 2013 考纲解读和近几年考点分布 高考研究非谓语动词是动词用法中最为复杂的部分之一 它不仅有时态的变化 语态的不 同 而且还要格外注意它所表达的逻辑关系 这些都已经成为非谓语动词用法的难点 近 年来 高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出 所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有 现在分词 和过去分词基础知识 现在分词和过去分词句法功能 现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和 辨析 现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成 现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联 系和纽带作用等 另外 对于动词不定式主要考查一些固定搭配 固定句型和在句子中的 句法功能 对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等 预测今后高考非谓语动词 将是考点中最重要的 考点 pk 名师考点透析 非谓语动词有三种 动词不定式 动词的一 ing 形式和的一 ed 形式 非谓语动词在句中不 能作谓语 没有人称和变化 但有语态和时态的变化 因此高考备考时 对非谓语要有充 分的认识和归纳 现在分词表示动作 主动和进行 分词表示 被动和完成 而不定式 则含有 将来 的意义时 头脑要冷静 一方面要认真分析句子结构 确定所填动句子中 作谓语还是非谓语 如果作非滑语 还要确定动词与主语的逻辑关系以及该动作与谓语动 词的动作发生时问自后 同时要注意标点符号特别是逗号的作用 考点一 分词与动词不定式作状语的区别 例题 1 Bradon worked for hours after school money for his education A making B to make C made D having made 例题 2 One Sunday several former classmates gathered at Tom s their high school reunion the year before A talking about B to talk about C talked about D having talked about 考点二 现在分词与过去分词的区别 例题 3 When I caught him me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop A cheated B cheating C to cheat D to have cheated 解题指导 现在分词与过去分词的一个重要区别就是 现在分词表示主动 过去分词表 示被动 在解答相关题目时 应从以下方面分析 分词作定语时 分析被修饰词同非谓语 动词的关系 作宾补 主补时 分析宾语 主语同宾补 主补的关系 作状语时 分析句 子主语同非谓语动词的关系 从以上几个方面来判断是用现在分词还是过去分词 2 解析 B 依据前半句意思 当我发现他欺骗我时 可以判断出 句中的 him 与动作 欺 骗 为主谓关系 因此用现在分词作宾语补足语 故答案为 B 考点三 谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 例题 4 The old women spoke to the girl again raising her voice a bit but still no answer A receired B receiring C had received D to receive 例题 5 Tom stood there what he could do for the poor man sitting beside him A wondered B to wonder C having wondered D wondering 解题指导 注意掌握谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 解析 D 句意 汤姆站在那里 心里想着能为站在他身边的那个可怜的人做些什么 显 然 心里想着 是伴随动作 伴随着 站 因此用分词作伴随状语 又因句子主语与动 作 心里想着 是主谓关系 故用现在分词 答案为 D 考点四 三种表示被动意义的非谓语形式 to be done done being done 的区别 近三年高考中有一些地区考查了 to be done done being done 的区别 这一考点应引起 考生的重视 例题 6 the NO 5 subway line in October 2007 has greatly improved the traffic conditions in Beijing A opened B was opened C being opened D to be opened 三年高考 10 11 12 高考试题及其解析 2012 高考英语试题 1 2012 四川卷 6 Tom took a taxi to the airport only his plane high up in the sky A finding B to find C being found D to have found 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意 Tom 坐出租车去机场 不料飞机已起飞了 此处用动词不定式表示一种出乎意料的 结果 2 2012 四川卷 8 I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast A to wind B wind C winding D wound 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语 winding its way 与宾语 snake 之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行 故选 C 项 3 3 2012 四川卷 12 Before driving into the city you are required to get your car A washed B wash C washing D to wash 5 2012 浙江卷 11 It s such a nice place Mother said as she sat at the table for customers A to be reserved B having reserved C reserving D reserved 答案 D 解析 考查非谓语动词 reserve 和谓语动词 sat 之间没有连词 故用非谓语 且和其 逻辑主语 the table 逻辑上构成被动关系 故用过去分词表示被动 完成的概念 在句子 中做后置定语 意为 桌子被预定给顾客的 6 2012 课标卷 28 The party will be held in the garden weather A permitting B to permit C permitted D permit 7 2012 课标卷卷 32 Film has a much shorter history especially when such art forms as music and painting A having compared to B comparing to C compare to D compared to 答案 D 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意 电影的历史要短得多 尤其是同音乐 绘画之类的艺术形式比较的时候 当主句的 主语与从句的主语相同时 通常省略从句中的主语和 be 动词 后半句的完整形式是 especially when it is compared to such art foms as music and painting film 与 compare 之间是动宾关系 易错点拨 做本题时考生潜意识里容易认为逻辑主语是暗含的 you 而误选 B 项 其实 主语是 Film 8 2012 大纲卷 10 Tony lent me the money that I d do as much for 4 him A hoping B to hope C hoped D having hoped 10 2012 北京卷 23One learns a knowledge by making mistakes and them A corrects B correct C to correct D correcting 答案 D 解析 考察句式结构 考查考生对于 and 连接的成分分析 在 and 周围出现的动词形式 分别对应 A D 两个选项 选择 A 项应为主语发出的连续动作 但是 them 所指与 a knowledge 相悖无法还原 应为指代 mistakes 故其前动词形式应与 mistakes 前得动 词 形式一直 即 doing 句意 人通过犯错和改错学习知识 11 2012 北京卷 27 with care one tin will last for six weeks A Use B Using C Used D To use 13 2012 上海卷 27 As Jack left his membership card at home he wasn t allowed into the sports club A going B to go C go D gone 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 allow sb to do sth be allowed to do sth allow doing sth 句意 杰克因为把会员卡忘在家里了 所以他没有被允许进运动俱乐部 14 2012 上海卷 33 When Peter speaks in public he always has trouble the right things to say A thinking of B to think of C thought of D think of 答案 A 解析 考查非谓语动词 have trouble in doing 的结构 句意 大庭广众之下讲话 皮特总是要想想该说的事 15 2012 上海卷 36 The club 25 years ago is holding a party for past and present members A founded B founding C being founded D to be founded 5 答案 A 解析 考查非谓语动词 founded which was founded 句意 建于 25 年前的这家俱乐 部正在为新老会员举行晚会 16 2012 上海卷 39 Genius is a complicated concept many different factors A involved B involving C to involve D being involved 18 2012 重庆卷 28 We re having a meeting in half an hour The decision at the meeting will in the future of our company A to be made B being made C made D having been made 20 2012 安徽卷 30 When for his views about his teaching job Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding A asking B asked C having asked D to be asked 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 动词 ask 和主语 Philip 之间是被动关系 而且此动作已经完 成 所以选 B 项 asked When asked When he was asked 句意 当被问到对教学这个 工作怎么看待时 菲利普说他觉得这项工作又有趣又值得 6 21 2012 福建卷 28 China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea A attackingB having attacked C being attacked D having been attacked 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 根据语境 中国最近加强了黄岩岛附近水域的控制以防止中国 渔船在中国南海被袭 prevent from 后接动名词且在此须使用被动语态 此处不用完成 时 22 2012 福建卷 34 Pressed from his parents and that he has wasted too much time the boy is determined to stop playing video games A realizingB realized C to realize D being realized 23 2012 湖南卷 21 We ve had a good start but next more work needs to achieve the final success A being done B do C to be done D to do 24 2012 湖南卷 23 Time correctly is money in the bank A to use B used C using D use 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 非谓语动词短语作状语相当于一个条件状语从句 if it time is used correctly use 和它的逻辑主语即句子的主语 time 的关系是动宾关系 所以要 用过去分词表被动意义 句意 如果使用得当 时间就是存在银行里的钱 25 2012 湖南卷 31 The lecture at 7 00 pm laze night was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes A starting B being started C to start D to be started 答案 A 解析 本题考查非谓语动词作定语 句意 会议在昨天晚上七点开始 会后有进行了用 天文望远镜观测月亮的活动 start 一词在此既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词 因 此此处不必分析主被动逻辑关系 此处主要考查的是时态观念 不定式含有的将来含义并 线不符合语境 先可排除 C D start 又为短暂动词不可用过于 进行 含义 而 being started 正在被开始 强调进行含义 不妥 排除 B A 项 starting 虽为现在分词形式 7 在此并无进行含义 可视为 which started 从句省略而来 26 2012 江苏卷 31 an important decision more on emotion than on reason you will regret it sooner or later A BasedB BasingC BaseD To base 27 2012 江西卷 33 Having finished her project she was invited by the school to the new students A speaking B having spoken C to speak D to have spoken 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 这里注意 invite 的动词用法 invite sb to do sth 其被动 式 sb be invited to do sth 虽然受到了邀请 但是讲话还没有发生 故用动词不定式 一般式表示将来 句意 完成了她的工程后 她受那所学校之邀对新生讲话 28 2012 江西卷 35 John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it A offeredB offering C to offer D to be offered 29 2012 辽宁卷 25 The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them A to follow B following C followed D follows 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 with 的宾语后面可加形容词 副词 分词 不定式 名词等作 宾补 这儿 pet dog 与 follow 构成主谓关系 所以用 following 句意 这对老年夫妇经 常晚饭后在公园散步 他们的宠物狗跟在后面 30 2012 辽宁卷 29 This machine is very easy Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes A operating B to be operating C operated D to operate 答案 D 解析 考查非谓语动词 在 主语 be adj to do 结构中 动词不定式 to do 用主动表被动 所以选 D 句意 这台机器很容易操作 任何人都能在几分钟之内学会使 用 31 2012 山东卷 26 26 George returned after the war only that his wife had left him A to be told B telling C being toldD told 8 32 2012 山东卷 35 After completing and signing it please return the form to us in the envelope A providing B provided C having provided D provide 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意 完成并签名后 请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回 动词 provide 与其逻辑主语 envelope 之间是被动关系 在句中作定语 相当于 which is provided 33 2012 陕西卷 15 in a long queue we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad A Standing B To stand C StoodD Stand 2011 高考英语试题 1 2011 全国卷 27 The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house A rose B rising C to rise D risen 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词作状语的用法 句意为 接下来我们看到的是烟雾从房子的后面 冒出来 rise 升起来和 see 看到这两个动作是同时发生的 因此选择现在进行的形式表 示非谓语动词动作和谓语动词动作同时发生 选 B 2 2011 全国卷 II 15 The island to the mainland by a bridge is easy to go to A joining B to join C joined D having joined 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 因为有一座桥与大陆连接 那个岛屿很容易去 join 是及物动词 但空格后没有宾语 故使用 join 的过去分词形式 充当表示状态或性质的形 容词用 选项 A B D 都是主动式 需要后接宾语 因此排除 选 C 3 2011 全国卷 II 18 Sarah pretended to be cheerful nothing about the argument 9 A says B said C to say D saying 5 2011 北京卷 33 Sit down Emma You will only make yourself more tired on you feet A to keep B keeping C having kept D to have kept 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 Emma 你坐下吧 老这么站着你会累的 A 项 to keep 是表示将来 C 项 having kept 和 D 项 to have kept 表示动作先发生 make yourself more tired 与 keeping on you feet 同时进行 故选 B 6 2011 天津卷 7 Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane A to carry B carrying C to be carried D being carried 8 2011 上海春招 34 Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house newly cleaned and polished A lookedB to lookC lookingD to be looking 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 Mike 在他屋子外的大街上发现了他丢失的汽车 看上 去刚擦得干干净净 还打过腊 A 项 looked 是谓语形式 但句中没有连词 B 项不定式 to look 和 D 项 to be looking 如果都表结果 那只能由 Mike 执行这个动作 与题意不符 C 项 looking 表明车子的特性 作伴随状语 故选 C 9 2011 上海春招 36 in 1955 Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park A OpenedB Having openedC OpeningD Being opened 答案 A 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 很多人认为 1955 年开业的加利福尼亚迪斯尼乐园非常 10 有趣 open 开业 与 Disneyland 之间存在着被动关系 D 项 Being opened 表正在进行 但开业的事实已经发生 故选 A 10 2011 上海春招 40 Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before A to work B to be working C to have worked D to have been working 12 2011 江苏卷 31 Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens A compared B comparing C compares D being compared 13 2011 福建卷 23 Tsinghua University in 1911 is home to a great number of outstanding figures A found B founding C founded D to be founded 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 建于 1911 年的清华大学培养了一大批杰出的人士 Tsinghua University 与 found 之间存在着被动关系 to be founded 不定式表将来 founded 过去分词表被动 也表动作已完成 故选 C 14 2011 福建卷 27 The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable A held B holding C be held D to hold 答案 D 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 iPad 2 与早期的型号在厚度和重量上不同 拿在手里 很舒服 在用 easy difficult hard comfortable 等形容词构成的复合宾语时 用不 定式作状语 hold 与前面的 the iPad 2 有逻辑上的动宾关系 故用主动式 因此 选 D 15 2011 安徽卷 30 Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier into small pieces A break B breaking C broken D to break 答案 D 11 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 Tom 问糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容易扳成小块 在用 easy difficult hard comfortable 等形容词构成的复合宾语时 用不定式作状 语 to break 与 the chocolate 存在着动宾关系 故用主动式的不定式 选 D 16 2011 浙江卷 3 Bats are surprsingly long lived creatures some a life span of around 20 years A having B had C have D to have 18 2011 浙江卷 19 If they win the final tonight the team are going to tour around the city by their enthusiastic supporters A being cheered B be cheeresd C to be cheered D were cheered 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 如果他们赢了今晚的决赛 队员们将会巡游全城 接 受热心支持者的欢呼 A 项 being cheered 正在进行 B 项 be cheeresd 是谓语原形 D 项 were cheered 也是谓语 但句中已有谓语 are going to C 项 to be cheered 表示将来 同时也表示被动 根据语境 选 C 19 2011 四川卷 2 Ladex does t feel like abroad Her parents are old A study B studying C studied D to study 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 Ladex 不愿意去国外留学 因为她的父母年纪大了 feel like doing sth 想要做某事 习惯表达法 因此选 B 20 2011 四川卷 11 Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly A keep B kept C keeping D to keep 21 2011 四川卷 16 an important role in a new movie Andy has a chance to become famous A Offer B Offering C Offered D To offer 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 Andy 在一部新影片中扮演重要角色 这就有了成名的 机会 offer sb sth 主动 提供某人某物 句中 Andy 与 offer 之间存在着被动关系 故选C 12 22 2011 重庆卷 29 More TV programs according to government officials will be produced people s concern over food safety A to raise B raising C to have raised D having raised 答案 A 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 据政府官员说 为了唤起人们对食品安全的关注 将 制作更多的电视节目 raising 表示伴随 to have raised 表示动作已发生 having raised 表示动作先发生 to raise 表示目的状语 事情还没有发生 是前面 将制作更多 的电视节目 的目的 因此 选 A 23 2011 重庆卷 33 Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself of his own dreams A reminding B to remind C reminded D remind 25 2011 陕西卷 20 More highways have been built in China it much easier for people to travel form one place to another A making B made C to make D having made 答案 A 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 中国修建了越来越多的高速公路 人们更加方便从一 个地点到另外一个地点 空格后面是 it 说明是主动关系 排除 B 不能选择 C 的原因是 to do 做目的状语 不符合句意 答案选择 A 表示结果 26 2011 湖南卷 21 The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself A expressing B expressed C to express D to be expressed 27 2011 湖南卷 23 The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game A selecting B to selece C selected D having selected 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词做定语的用法 句意为 人们期待着从全国各地挑选出来的运动 员能在今年夏季的赛事中给我们带来荣誉 select 修饰 players 为被动关系 只有 C 选 项表被动 故选 C 13 28 2011 湖南卷 29 Do you wake up every morning energetic and ready to start a new day A feel B to feel C feeling D felt 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意为 每天早上醒来后 你是否感到精力充沛 并为新的一 天作好了准备 wake up 作句子的谓语 句中没有连词 排除谓语动词 feel to feel 表将来 与 wake up 组成一先一后的动作关系 felt 作为过去分词表被动 与 you 这个 逻辑主语矛盾 故选 C feeling 作伴随状语 29 2011 辽宁卷 30 around the fire the tourists danced with the local people A Gather B To gather C Gathering D To be gathering 31 2011 辽宁卷 23 Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read fast A what B who C how D why 答案 C 解析 考查疑问副词 to do 的用法 句意为 有二十名学生想听旨在提高阅读速度的 课程 fast 提示了方式 how to read fast 等同于名词 作 teach 的宾语 故选 C 2010 高考英语试题 1 2010 高考英语上海秋季卷 40 Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students bathrooms A reducing B to reduce C reduced D reduce 3 2010 高考英语上海秋季卷 33 Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories A amused B amusing C to amuse D to be amused 答案 A 14 解析 本题考查非谓语动词 keep sb sth done 根据句意 sb 与它后面的动词成 被动关系 故选 A 4 2010 高考英语重庆卷 34 Many buildings in the city need repairing but the one first is the library A repaired B being repairedC repairing D to be repaired 6 2010 高考英语浙江卷 20 The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat A being weighed B to weigh C weighed D weighing 答案 D 解析 本题考查非谓语动词 根据句子结构 主语 the traffic rule 谓语动词 says 宾语从句 young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat 宾语从句中的主干为 young children must be in a child safety seat under the age of four and less than 40 pounds 用于修饰宾语从句主语 children 动词 weigh 与名词 children 是主动关系 所以选择 weighing 句意 交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全 座上 逻辑主语 young children 与 weigh 之间构成主谓关系 应该用 weigh 的现在分词形 式 weighing 相当于 young children who weigh less than 40 pounds 答案选 D 项 7 2010 高考英语浙江卷 8 The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise if regularly can improve our health A being carried out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out 9 2010 高考英语四川卷 17 The lawyer listened with full attention to 15 miss any point A not trying B trying not C to try not D not to try 答案 B 解析 考查现在分词短语做伴随状语及动词不定式的否定式 句中 listen 和 try not to miss 为同时进行的动作 故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语 又动词不定式的否定式 要在其前加 not 故选 B 10 2010 高考英语四川卷 11 In many people s opinion that company though relatively small is pleasant A to deal with B dealing with C to be dealt with D dealt with 12 2010 高考英语上海春季卷 39 The report indicated that 45 of students were in jobs not specific qualifications A requiring B to be required C being required D to have required 答案 A 解析 非谓语动词 此处 require 的逻辑主语是 jobs 它们之间构成主谓关系 因此应 该用 require 的现在分词形式 re quiring 因此选 A 项 13 2010 高考英语上海春季卷 35 as an Olympic event a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents A To accept B Having accepted C To be accepted D Accepting 14 2010 高考英语上海春季卷 34 by the growing interest in nature more and more people enjoy outdoor sports A Influenced B Influencing C Having influencedD To be influenced 答案 A 解析 非谓语动词 非谓语动词的解题关键是找准其逻辑主语 在本题中 influence 的逻辑主语是 more and morepeople 它们之间是动宾关系 所以用过去分词形式 D 项表 示将来 不符合语意 所以这里选 A 项 16 15 2010 高考英语上海春季卷 31 well in an interview will be an important part of getting a place at university A Do B Doing C Done D Being done 答案 B 解析 非谓语动词 句子缺少主语 所以此处用动名词作主语 即 Doing well in an inter view 是句子的主语 其他选项都不能充当主语 所以这里选 B 项 16 2010 高考英语陕西卷 19 His first book next month is based on a true story A published B to be published C to publish D being published 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 下个月要出版的他的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为基础的 此处表示将来 是被出版 要用不定式的被动式作定语 17 2010 高考英语陕西卷 16 from the top of the tower the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees A Seen B Seeing C Have seen D To see 19 2010 高考英语山东卷 23 I have a lot of readings before the end of this term A completing B to complete C completed D being completed 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词的使用 句意应为 这个学期结束前 我要做很多阅读练习 由 于时间状语 before the end of this term 表达未来的时间 所以空格处使用动词不定式 表示将来 充当 readings 的定语 AD 现在分词 现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作 C 项是过去分词 过去分词做定语表示完成 因此 ACD 均不符合语境 20 2010 高考英语辽宁卷 35 Alexander tried to get his work in the medical circles A to recognize B recognizing C recognize D recognized 17 22 2010 高考英语江西卷 32 There were many talented actors out there just waiting A to discover B to be discovered C discovered D being discovered 答案 B 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意 很多有天赋的演员在那里 就是为了等着被人发现 discover 与 many talented actors 之间是动宾关系 且强调将来 故用不定式的被动语 态 23 2010 高考英语江西卷 24 The lady walked around the shops an eye out for bargains A keep B kept C keeping D to keep 答案 C 解析 考查非谓语动词 句意 这位女士在商场转悠着 留意着里面的减价商品 现在 分词短语 keeping an eye out for 留意 注意 作伴随状语 24 2010 高考英语江苏卷 28 The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the ea rthquake in Yushu the students to return to their classrooms A enabling B having enabled C to enable D to have enabled 26 2010 高考英语湖南卷 26 Dina for months to find a job as a waitress finally took a position at a local advertising agency A struggling B struggled C having struggled D to struggle 答案 C 解析 考察非谓语动词 该空分词短语作时间作时间状语 其逻辑主语 Dina 与 strggle 为主动关系 故排除 B 由句中的 finally 可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语 18 took a position 之前 故用现在分词的完成主动式 27 2010 高考英语湖南卷 21 Listen Do you hear someone for help A calling B call C to call D called 28 2010 高考英语福建卷 25 Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock supplies to Yush