基于单片机技术数电压表中英文资料-本来是花钱买的

外文资料外文资料 digital voltage meter Based on single chip technology Single chip is an integrated on a single chip a complete computer system Even though most of his features in a small chip but it has a need to complete the majority of computer components CPU memory internal and external bus system most will have the Core At the same time such as integrated communication interfaces timers real time clock and other peripheral equipment And now the most powerful single chip microcomputer system can even voice image networking input and output complex system integration on a single chip Also known as single chip microprocessor first because it was used in the field of industrial control Only by the single chip CPU chip developed from the dedicated processor The design concept is the first by a large number of peripherals and CPU in a single chip the computer system so that smaller more easily integrated into the complex and demanding on the volume control devices INTEL the Z80 is one of the first design in accordance with the idea of the processor From then on the MCU and the development of a dedicated processor parted ways At present single chip to infiltrate all areas of our lives which is very difficult to find the area of almost no traces of single chip microcomputer Missile navigation equipment aircraft control on a variety of instruments computer network communications and data transmission industrial automation real time process control and data processing are widely used in a variety of smart IC card limousine civilian security systems video recorders cameras the control of automatic washing machines as well as program controlled toys electronic pet etc which are inseparable from the single chip microcomputer Not to mention the field of robot automation intelligent instrumentation medical equipment has been Throughout the development process of single chip you can indicate the development trend of single chip generally are 1 Of low power CMOS MCS 51 series of 8031 introduced the power consumption of 630mW and now widespread in the single chip 100mW or so with the growing demand for low power single chip and now all the basic single chip manufacturers are use of CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor process As the 80C51 on the use of HMOS high density metal oxide semiconductor process and CHMOS high density complementary metal oxide semiconductor process Although the CMOS low power consumption but because of its physical characteristics to determine its speed is not high enough and then CHMOS with high speed and low power consumption characteristics of these features it is more suitable in low power consumption as battery powered applications Therefore the process for some time to come will be the main way to develop single chip microcomputer 2 Singal chip of micro chip Now generally in conventional single chip will be the central processing unit CPU random access data storage RAM read only program memory ROM parallel and serial communication interface system interruption timing circuits integrated circuit clock in a single chip enhanced single chip integration such as A D converter PMW pulse width modulation circuit WDT watchdog and some will be single chip LCD LCD driver integrated circuits are in a single chip this unit includes single chip circuits on more and more powerful features Even single chip manufacturers can also be tailored in accordance with the requirements of users to create a single chip with its own chip characteristics 3 Mainstream and multi species coexistence Although a wide variety of single chip unique but still single chip microcomputer 80C51 prevailing at the core compatible with its structure and command system of PHILIPS products ATMEL company s products and China Taiwan s Winbond Series single chip machine Therefore single chip microcomputer as the core C8051 occupied the half Microchip s PIC and reduced instruction set RISC has a strong development momentum of China Taiwan HOLTEK single chip companies in recent years increasing production with its high quality low cost advantages to occupy a certain market share MOTOROLA addition to the company s products several large companies in Japan s exclusive single chip microcomputer A certain period of time this situation will continue to be upheld there will not be a single chip monopoly domination taking the complementary interdependence complementarity and common development AT89C51 is a flicker with 4K bytes EEPROM programmable low voltage high performance digital microprocessors CMOS8 commonly known as single chip microcomputer AT89C2051 is a flicker with 2K bytes EEPROM programmable microcontroller MCU EEPROM erasure can be repeated 100 times The device ATMEL manufacture high density nonvolatile memory technology with industry standard MCS 51 instruction set and pin compatible output Owing to the multi purpose 8 bit CPU and flash memory chips in a single portfolio ATMEL s AT89C51 microcontroller is a highly efficient AT89C2051 is a streamlined version of it AT89C single chip embedded control system for many provides a flexible and inexpensive program AT89C51 performance 1 And MCS 51 compatible 2 4K bytes of programmable Flash Memory 3 Life expectancy 1000 write wipe cycle 4 Data retention time 10 years 5 Static work of the whole 0Hz 24MHz 6 Three level Program Memory Lock 7 128 8 bit internal RAM 8 32 Programmable I O lines 9 Two 16 bit timer counter 10 5 Interrupt Sources 11 Programmable Serial Channel 12 Low power idle and power down mode 13 Chip oscillator and clock circuitry Referred to as digital voltage meter DVM it is a digital measurement technology the continuous analog DC input voltage into a non continuous discrete digital form and the instrument display The characteristics of digital voltage meter 1 Show a clear intuitive accurate readings Traditional analogue instruments through the use of indicators must be carried out and dial readings in the reading process will be introduced to the inevitable human error Digital voltage meter is the use of advanced digital display technology so that the measurement results at a glance as long as the meter jump phenomenon does not occur the measurement results is unique 2 Show that the median Show that the median is usually 31 2 32 3 33 4 spaces 41 2 43 4 51 2 61 2 71 2 81 2 A total of 9 Determine the median number of instruments there are two principles 1 can display all the numbers 0 to 9 are the integer bit Score bit numerical value is based on the largest show the highest number of elements with the highest number of full scale as the denominator 3 High accuracy Accuracy of results is a measure of systematic error and random error of the integrated 4 High resolution Digital voltage meter at the lowest voltage range on the bottom of a character represented by the voltage value known as the instrument of the resolution which reflects the level of instrument sensitivity With the display resolution increases the median Resolution refers to the smallest can be shown in the figures except zero and the largest percentage of the number For example 31 2 DVM of a resolution of 1 1999 0 05 Be noted that the resolution and accuracy are two different concepts From the measurement point of view the resolution is true indicators with measurement error has nothing to do the accuracy is the real target on behalf of the size of measurement error 5 Wide measuring range DVM generally more measurable range 0 1000V DC voltage high voltage probe can be measured with the million volt high pressure A D converter 4 is a digital voltage meter digital multimeter and measuring system the heart At present domestic production of A D converter has reached hundreds of species can be broadly divided into five main categories 1 monolithic A D converter 2 DMM dedicated single chip IC 3 dedicated multi display meter IC 4 for digital the use of special instrumentation IC ASIC 5 other general purpose A D converter the chip can only complete A D converter not directly with the number of instruments Digital voltage meter digital meter is a great core and foundation of the digital voltage meter as a continuous analog DC voltage to a discrete form of non sequential numbers which is different from traditional dial indicator readings to increase the ways to avoid errors in reading and visual fatigue At present the digital multimeter is a core component of the internal A D converter converter to a large extent affect the accuracy of the accuracy of the design of digital multimeter Digital Voltage Meter A D converter for converting analog signals ADC0804 input AT89C51 controls the heart of the transformation and processing the results of operations the final output device driver number of voltage signal Digital voltage meter digital meter is a great core and foundation of the digital voltage meter as a continuous analog DC voltage to a discrete form of non sequential numbers which is different from traditional dial indicator readings to increase the ways to avoid errors in reading and visual fatigue At present the digital multimeter is a core component of the internal A D converter converter to a large extent affect the accuracy of the accuracy of the design of digital multimeter Digital Voltage Meter A D converter for converting analog signals ADC0804 input AT89C51 controls the heart of the transformation and processing the results of operations the final output device driver number of voltage signal LED display can be carried out will be displayed after the decimal point voltage value of one Adoption of new technologies new processes from LSI and VLSI constitute a new type of digital instrumentation and a large number of high end smart devices available the field of electronic devices marked a revolution in creating a modern pioneer of electronic measurement technology 中中文文译译文文 基基于于单单片片机机技技术术的的数数字字电电压压表表 单片机是指一个集成在一块芯片上的完整计算机系统 尽管他的大部分 功能集成在一块小芯片上 但是它具有一个完整计算机所需要的大部分部件 CPU 内存 内部和外部总线系统 目前大部分还会具有外存 同时集成诸如 通讯接口 计时器 实时时钟等外围设备 而现在最强大的单片机系统甚至 可以将声音 图像 网络 复杂的输入输出系统集成在一块芯片上 单片机也被称为微处理器 Microcontroller 是因为它最早被用在 工业控制领域 单片机由芯片内仅有 CPU 的专用处理器发展而来 最早的设 计理念是通过将大量外围设备和 CPU 集成在一个芯片中 使计算机系统更小 更容易集成进复杂的而对体积要求严格的控制设备当中 INTEL 的 Z80 是最 早按照这种思想设计出的处理器 从此以后 单片机和专用处理器的发展便 分道扬镳 目前单片机渗透到我们生活的各个领域 几乎很难找到哪个领域没有单片 机的踪迹 导弹的导航装置 飞机上各种仪表的控制 计算机的网络通讯与数 据传输 工业自动化过程的实时控制和数据处理 广泛使用的各种智能 IC 卡 民用豪华轿车的安全保障系统 录像机 摄像机 全自动洗衣机的控制 以及 程控玩具 电子宠物等等 这些都离不开单片机 更不用说自动控制领域的机 器人 智能仪表 医疗器械了 纵观单片机的发展过程 可以预示单片机的发展趋势 大致有 1 低功耗 CMOS 化 MCS 51 系列的 8031 推出时的功耗达 630mW 而现在的单片机普遍都在 100mW 左右 随着对单片机功耗要求越来越低 现在的各个单片机制造商基本 都采用了 CMOS 互补金属氧化物半导体工艺 象 80C51 就采用了 HMOS 即高密 度金属氧化物半导体工艺 和 CHMOS 互补高密度金属氧化物半导体工艺 CMOS 虽然功耗较低 但由于其物理特征决定其工作速度不够高 而 CHMOS 则具 备了高速和低功耗的特点 这些特征 更适合于在要求低功耗象电池供电的应 用场合 所以这种工艺将是今后一段时期单片机发展的主要途径 2 微型单片化 现在常规的单片机普遍都是将中央处理器 CPU 随机存取数据存储 RAM 只读程序存储器 ROM 并行和串行通信接口 中断系统 定时电路 时钟电路 集成在一块单一的芯片上 增强型的单片机集成了如 A D 转换器 PMW 脉宽调 制电路 WDT 看门狗 有些单片机将 LCD 液晶 驱动电路都集成在单一的芯 片上 这样单片机包含的单元电路就更多 功能就越强大 甚至单片机厂商还 可以根据用户的要求量身定做 制造出具有自己特色的单片机芯片 3 主流与多品种共存 虽然单片机的品种繁多 各具特色 但仍以 80C51 为核心的单片机占主流 兼容其结构和指令系统的有 PHILIPS 公司的产品 ATMEL 公司的产品和中国台 湾的 Winbond 系列单片机 所以 C8051 为核心的单片机占据了半壁江山 而 Microchip 公司的 PIC 精简指令集 RISC 也有着强劲的发展势头 中国台湾的 HOLTEK 公司近年的单片机产量与日俱增 与其低价质优的优势 占据一定的市 场分额 此外还有 MOTOROLA 公司的产品 日本几大公司的专用单片机 在一定 的时期内 这种情形将得以延续 将不存在某个单片机一统天下的垄断局面 走的是依存互补 相辅相成 共同发展的道路 AT89C51 是一种带 4K 字节闪烁可编程可擦除只读存储器的低电压 高性 能 CMOS8 位微处理器 俗称单片机 AT89C2051 是一种带 2K 字节闪烁可编 程可擦除只读存储器的单片机 单片机的可擦除只读存储器可以反复擦除 100 次 该器件采用 ATMEL 高密度非易失存储器制造技术制造 与工业标准 的 MCS 51 指令集和输出管脚相兼容 由于将多功能8 位 CPU 和闪烁存储器 组合在单个芯片中 ATMEL 的 AT89C51 是一种高效微控制器 AT89C2051 是它的一种精简版本 AT89C 单片机为很多嵌入式控制系统提供了一种灵活 性高且价廉的方案 AT89C51 主要性能 1 与 MCS 51 兼容 2 4K 字节可编程闪烁存储器 3 寿命 1000 写 擦循环 4 数据保留时间 10 年 5 全静态工作 0Hz 24MHz 6 三级程序存储器锁定 7 128 8 位内部 RAM 8 32 可编程 I O 线 9 两个 16 位定时器 计数器 10 5 个中断源 11 可编程串行通道 12 低功耗的闲置和掉电模式 13 片内振荡器和时钟电路 数字电压表简称 DVM 它是采用数字化测量技术 把连续的模拟量 直流 输入电压 转换成不连续 离散的数字形式并加以显示的仪表 数字电压表的特点 1 显示清晰直观 读数准确 传统的模拟式仪表必